Biomedical subjects
Ahmad M Mansour
Publications and source records attributed to Ahmad M Mansour.
Standing vitrectomy in morbid obesity.
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Pneumatic retinopexy for inferior retinal breaks.
PURPOSE: To introduce a pneumatic retinopexy positioning for the management of retinal detachment from inferior retinal breaks after failed scleral buckle. DESIGN: Retrospective review of interventional consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen eyes of 17 patients followed up from January 1993 to February 2005. INTERVENTION: Internal tamponade was achieved by 10 degrees Trendelenburg positioning, 10 degrees neck hyperextension, 10 degrees ocular supraduction and a large intravitreal gas bubble. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and retinal flattening were evaluated. RESULTS: All patients tolerated the procedure. Retinal reattachment was maintained in 15 of 17 patients (88.2%) followed up for a mean of 2.8 years (range, 0.1-11.5 years). Two patients experienced redetachment after 5 days and 4 months respectively. Six patients required antiglaucoma medications during the technique. CONCLUSIONS: Graduated body-neck-eye tilt allowed retinal reattachment in most eyes with inferior retinal detachment after failed scleral buckle.
Jesus and the eye: New Testament miracles of vision.
PURPOSE: To compile and appraise the accounts of the miracles of vision in the New Testament. METHODS: We carried out a critical analysis of the compilation of ocular miracles using past medical knowledge and historical reconstruction based on the accounts of the apostles and of various historians living in the first three centuries ad. RESULTS: Three blind adult male beggars residing on three different street locations were described. Two had previously had good vision that had declined over a long time and the third had been born blind. The manifestations of the ocular diseases in these cases were meagre, precluding any precise diagnosis. The healing methodology did not rely on physical examination, detailed history, or the use of medicines. Jesus' tools consisted of spitting, touching, praying and the use of words. Visual outcome reported as a complete cure was realized in all three incidents. CONCLUSIONS: The accounts of miracles in the Gospels appear to be historically reliable, yet subject to different interpretations: faith in the miracle (the Christian perspective); sorcery (the Jewish perspective); mythology (the atheist perspective), and scientifically possible human action by a charismatic, compassionate, knowledgeable man (the scientific perspective: psychotherapy or suggestion).
Recurrent retinal vein occlusion after playing a wind instrument.
PURPOSE: To present a complication of repeated Valsalva maneuver. METHODS: Case report with serial intravenous fluorescein angiography and comprehensive workup for coagulopathies. RESULTS: After playing strenuous musical pieces, a solo trombonist suffered within 1 year three attacks of visual loss in the right eye; he had two attacks of inferior hemi-central retinal vein occlusion 2 months apart, followed by central retinal vein occlusion 10 months later. Final best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 6/60. He ended his professional career, and no further attacks occurred in the following 10 years. CONCLUSION: Retinal vein occlusion with irreversible visual loss can occur after playing a strenuous piece of music on a high-resistance instrument.
Modifications in cataract surgery for the morbidly obese patient.
We describe a standing phacoemulsification technique (SPT) with the patient in reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) as a means of performing surgery in morbidly obese patients. These patients have elevated vitreous pressure, leading to a high rate of posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss. The SPT with RTP normalizes vitreous pressure, facilitating cataract surgery.
Infliximab treatment of posterior uveitis.
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Inverted pneumatic retinopexy.
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Bullous keratopathy treated with honey.
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Hand dominance, eye laterality and refraction.
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Ocular pathology in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Gross and microscopic ocular findings were prospectively studied in 38 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive subjects undergoing postmortem examination. Pathologic lesions were detected in 27 patients (71%), with 67% of the abnormal findings detected only microscopically.
Intraocular lens dialing ab externo.
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Epithelial corneal oedema treated with honey.
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Health status of Lebanese ophthalmologists.
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Corneal topography after ocular rubbing.
PURPOSE: To examine the immediate effect of ocular rubbing on corneal topography. METHODS: Corneal topography and analysis were performed before, immediately after, and 5 minutes after eyelid rubbing in 29 volunteers without ocular disease. RESULTS: The surface regularity index increased from a baseline of 0.24 to 0.91 ( p< 0.0001) immediately after rubbing and returned to baseline after 5 minutes. The surface asymmetry index increased from 0.27 to 0.89 ( p= 0.0018) immediately after rubbing. There was a small amount of astigmatism induced immediately by rubbing (0.5 diopter) ( p= 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Ocular rubbing should be avoided prior to standard corneal topography. The increased surface regularity index may reflect the alterations of the tear film and/or the molding of the corneal surface.
The Eye in the Old Testament and Talmud.
The Old Testament and Talmud contain references to the eye and its diseases. Ancient ophthalmology, emanating from Egyptian and Greek medicine, was confined to diseases of the external eye. Blindness was widespread in biblical times. We present some descriptions of the eye, its parts and disorders, as they appear in the Bible and Talmud. At times, there are other references that provide interesting clues as to possible systemic disorders associated with the visual problems experienced by the people who appear in the Biblical narrative. Did Isaac have diabetic retinopathy, Jacob hypermature cataract, and Elijah absolute glaucoma?
Ophthalmology in proverbs and aphorisms.
After a comprehensive review of available texts and literature covering five millennia, the authors present a collection of ophthalmic proverbs and aphorisms with an examination of their applicability within current medical knowledge. A total of 74 ophthalmic proverbs and aphorisms were retrieved from 130 texts and divided into seven categories: (i) importance of vision ('The eyes, like sentinels, hold the highest place in the body'); (ii) definition of blindness and anatomical observations ('The eye is protected by the lashes, eyebrows, and orbit'); (iii) diseases of the eye such as presbyopia, sensitivity to light and dry eye ('Tear in the eye is jewel'); (iv) the eye as a window of the body; (v) vulnerability of the eye ('The eye cannot oppose an awl'); (vi) health behaviours and protection of sight ('Be gentle with two: women and eyes'), and finally; and (vii) nutrition and vision ('Carrots improve vision'). The majority of these proverbs and aphorisms can be used as a guide, not for prognosis, diagnosis or cure, but rather for ocular health promotion.