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Biomedical subjects

Aidan Cosgrove

Publications and source records attributed to Aidan Cosgrove.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Electrical stimulation in cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial.

A randomized placebo-controlled trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and threshold electrical stimulation (TES) in strengthening the quadriceps muscles of both legs in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Sixty children (38 males, 22 females; mean age 11y [SD 3y 6mo]; age range 5-16y) were randomized to one of the following groups: NMES (n=18), TES (n=20), or placebo (n=22). Clinical presentations were diplegia (n=55), quadriplegia (n=1), dystonia (n=1), ataxia (n=1), and non-classifiable CP (n=2). Thirty-four children walked unaided, 17 used posterior walkers, six used crutches, and the remaining three used sticks for mobility. Peak torque of the left and right quadriceps muscles, gross motor function, and impact of disability were assessed at baseline and end of treatment (16wks), and at a 6-week follow-up visit. No statistically significant difference was demonstrated between NMES or TES versus placebo for strength or function. Statistically significant differences were observed between NMES and TES versus placebo for impact of disability at the end of treatment, but only between TES and placebo at the 6-week follow-up. In conclusion, further evidence is required to show whether NMES and/or TES may be useful as an adjunct to therapy in ambulatory children with diplegia who find resistive strengthening programmes difficult.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Validity of a 1 minute walk test for children with cerebral palsy.

The concurrent validity of a 1 minute walk test at a child's maximum walking speed was assessed in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP). The distance covered during the 1 minute walk test was compared with the children's gross motor function as assessed by the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). Twenty-four male and 10 female children with CP (mean age 11y, range 4 to 16y) participated in the study. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels were; level I (n=3), level II (n=17), level III (n=10), and level IV (n=4). Participants had clinical diagnoses of symmetrical diplegia (n=19), asymmetrical diplegia (n=14), and quadriplegia (n=1). Results showed a significant correlation between GMFM score and the distance covered during the 1 minute walk (r=0.92; p<0.001). There was also a significant decrease in the distance walked with increasing GMFCS level (p<0.001). We concluded that the 1 minute walk test is a valid measure for assessing functional ability in children with ambulatory BSCP. Its cost-effectiveness and user friendliness make it a potentially useful tool in the clinical setting. Further study needs to address its reliability and ability to detect change over time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Estimating mechanical cost in subjects with myelomeningocele.

An attempt was made to validate a system of calculating mechanical cost using 3-D motion analysis by using Oxygen cost measurements in 26 subjects with myelomeningocele. The three models investigated were (i) vertical excursion of the centre of mass (model 1), (ii) external work done by the centre of mass (CM) (model 2) and (iii) a full body model allowing energy transfers between segments within limbs (model 3). Oxygen cost, and models 1 and 3 all demonstrated significant differences between S1 and L4/L5 level involvement (P=0.001, 0.002 and 0.01, respectively). No significant differences were observed between subjects who had L4 and L5 level involvement. While further analysis showed a moderate correlation between Oxygen cost and the vertical excursion of CM model (R2=0.60), a lack of correlation for the more sophisticated models 2 and 3 questions their use as a method of assessing the energy cost of locomotion in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Herring classification: how useful is the initial radiograph?

The Herring lateral pillar classification has been shown to be a useful predictor of subsequent femoral head deformity in Perthes disease. The initial Herring classification, however, can often be misleading with regard to outcome, as further collapse can occur. The purpose of this study was to assess the predictability of the initial Herring classification. The radiographs of 253 patients (275 hips) conservatively treated were reviewed. The Herring grade was recorded on both the first and subsequent radiograph, and any change in grade was noted. Ninety-two hips required upgrading. The average duration of symptoms to the initial radiograph was 108 days compared with 204 days in the group showing no change. The predictability of the initial Herring classification is related to time from onset of symptoms. The greater the duration of symptoms, the more accurate the initial grading; 7 months is the average time at which one could expect no further collapse.

Adolescent↗