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Ajay Aggarwal

Publications and source records attributed to Ajay Aggarwal.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Resection arthroplasty: when enough is enough.

Resection arthroplasty following THA is rarely performed but occasionally indicated. It is a relatively low risk procedure and generally is a much shorter operative procedure associated with fewer perioperative complications compared to major revision procedures. Results are extremely variable. With all of the arthroplasty and bone graft options available for hip joint reconstruction, resection arthroplasty rarely is performed as a definitive procedure. It is, however, the best option for selected patients.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed2005

Effect of respiratory muscle endurance training in patients with COPD undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory muscle endurance training (hyperpnea training) has been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with COPD. STUDY OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether hyperpnea training, when added to an endurance exercise training program, would lead to additional benefits compared with endurance training alone in patients with COPD. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Patients with COPD entering an 8-week outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. Fifteen patients (mean [+/- SE] FEV1, 45 +/- 6% predicted) were randomized to combined therapy, and 14 patients (mean FEV1, 44 +/- 4% predicted) were randomized to endurance training. METHODS: Peak exercise capacity, exercise endurance time during constant workload cycle exercise, 6-min walk distance, quality of life as measured by the chronic respiratory questionnaire, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, and quadriceps fatigability were measured before and after endurance or combined training. RESULTS: After rehabilitation, peak exercise capacity, exercise endurance time, 6-min walk distance, and quality of life all increased in both groups, but there was no significant difference in the extent of improvement between groups. Mean respiratory muscle endurance increased to a significantly greater extent in the combined therapy group (17.5 +/- 2.7 vs 8.5 +/- 2.5 min, respectively; p = 0.02). Respiratory muscle strength was significantly increased, and quadriceps fatigability was significantly reduced after rehabilitation in the combined therapy group but not in the endurance training group, but the difference between groups did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The endurance of the respiratory muscles can be improved by specific training beyond that achieved by endurance training alone in patients with COPD. However, this improvement did not translate into additional improvement in quality of life or exercise performance.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Bilateral spontaneous periacetabular fracture: an unusual complication of multiple sclerosis.

We describe an unusual case of a 43-year-old woman who had developed bilateral spontaneous periacetabular fractures secondary to severe myoclonic contractions. The absence of antecedent history of trauma and detection of muscular spasticity at presentation prompted neurologic investigations that led to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in this patient. The fractures were treated successfully by open reduction and internal fixation initially. Since fracture reduction was delayed for almost 1 year, a special distraction frame had to be used. Deterioration in the medical condition of the patient with return of severe spasticity caused a dramatic failure of the fixation on one side 2 years later. This case report confirms that fractures, usually requiring high-impact trauma, can and do develop spontaneously in patients with sustained myoclonic contractions, and these fractures can be the presenting indication of an underlying neuromuscular disorder.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed2004

Endurance and strength training in patients with COPD.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of endurance training only to endurance plus strength (combined) training in a randomized trial of patients with COPD. METHODS: Twenty-four patients completed the study: 11 patients in the combined training group (FEV(1) 45 +/- 5% predicted), and 13 patients in the endurance training group (FEV(1) 40 +/- 4% predicted) [mean +/- SE]. Muscle strength, quality of life, exercise performance, and quadriceps fatigability were measured before and after rehabilitation. RESULTS: Combined training led to significant improvements in quadriceps (23.6%), hamstring (26.7), pectoralis major (17.5%), and latissimus dorsi (20%) muscle strength. Endurance training alone did not produce significant improvements in muscle strength: quadriceps (1.1% decrease), hamstring (12.2% increase), pectoralis major (7.8% increase), and latissimus dorsi (2.8% decrease). The increase in strength after training was significantly greater in the combined group compared to the endurance group for the quadriceps and latissimus dorsi muscles but not for the hamstring and pectoralis major muscles. Six-minute walk distance, endurance exercise time, and quality of life (as measured by the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire) significantly increased in both groups after rehabilitation with no significant differences in the extent of improvement between groups. The extent of improvement in quadriceps fatigability after training (assessed by quadriceps twitch force before and after exercise) was not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION: Strength training can lead to significant improvement in muscle strength in elderly patients with COPD. However, this improvement in muscle strength does not translate into additional improvement in quality of life, exercise performance or quadriceps fatigability compared to that achieved by endurance exercise alone.

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PubMed2003

Quadriceps fatigability after single muscle exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The purpose of this study was to compare quadriceps fatigability in patients with varying severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with age-matched control subjects. Ten healthy control subjects, 8 patients with severe disease (FEV1 less than 35% predicted), and 11 patients with mild to moderate disease were studied. The FEV1 was 1.75 +/- 0.13 L (SE), 50.4 +/- 2.9% of predicted in the mild to moderate group, and 0.87 +/- 0.06 L, 25.9 +/- 1.9% of predicted in the severe group. Quadriceps fatigue was quantified by the reduction in potentiated twitch force after a potentially fatiguing task. All subjects performed three sets of 10 maximum voluntary contractions of the right quadriceps muscle. Quadriceps maximum voluntary contraction force was 58.3 +/- 3.3 kg for the healthy older group, 49.0 +/- 4.2 kg in the mild to moderate group, and 44.3 +/- 4.7 kg in the severe group. The fall in potentiated twitch force after exercise was significantly greater in the patients with severe disease than in the healthy control subjects. In conclusion, the quadriceps in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are more fatigable than those in age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects.

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