PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Akio Ando

Publications and source records attributed to Akio Ando.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

A subacute hypoxic model using a pig.

PURPOSE: A large animal model of hypoxia is necessary to develop a new therapeutic method for respiratory failure. METHODS: The experiments were performed on six pigs weighing from 15 to 19 kg. Under general anesthesia the left chest was opened and the left main bronchus was closed by a stapler. A Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted through the right jugular vein. The right carotid artery was cannulated and the mean arterial blood pressure was monitored, and arterial blood samples were drawn every 24 h until 96 h after the operation. The blood samples were submitted for a blood gas analysis. All data were expressed as the mean +/- standard deviation of the mean. RESULTS: The partial pressure of the oxygen of the arterial blood at baseline (104.8 +/- 24.3 mmHg) significantly decreased at 24 h after closure of the bronchus (76.7 +/- 9.9 mmHg, P < 0.001) and thereafter remained at the same level for 4 days. CONCLUSION: This hypoxic model using a pig was found to be very simple, effective, and reproducible. This model can be used for a variety of experiments to evaluate new therapeutic modalities for respiratory failure.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Functional evaluation of lung by Xe-133 lung ventilation scintigraphy before and after lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) in patients with pulmonary emphysema.

We evaluated the respiratory functions of patients with pulmonary emphysema who underwent lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) by the mean transit time (MTT) with Xe-133 lung ventilation scintigraphy, forced expiration volume in 1 sec (FEV1.0), residual volume (RV), distance walked in 6 min (6-min walk), and the Hugh-Jones classification (H-J classification) before and after LVRS. In 69 patients with pulmonary emphysema (62 men, 7 women; age range, 47-75 years; mean age, 65.4 years +/- 6.1, preoperative H-J classification, III (two were II)-V) who underwent LVRS, all preoperative and postoperative parameters (MTT 3 weeks after LVRS and the others 3 months after LVRS) were judged statistically by the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and Odds ratio. Every postoperative parameter was improved with a significant difference (P < 0.05) compared to preoperative parameters. MTT at 3 weeks after LVRS was not associated with %FEV1.0 and the H-J classification at 3 months after LVRS, but was associated with RV and a 6-min walk at 3 months after LVRS. MTT was useful for the clinical evalution of aerobic capability after LVRS.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Bronchogenic cyst with high serum carcinoembryonic antigen.

A 64-year-old woman had a large subcarinal cyst accompanied by high serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of 55.7 ng/ml removed thoracoscopically. The pathological diagnosis was benign bronchogenic cyst. Immunohistochemical findings clearly showed CEA in the stratified columnar epithelial lining of the cyst. Serum CEA returned to the normal range within 40 days of surgical resection.

Bronchogenic Cyst↗
PubMed2003

Therapeutic effect of all-trans retinoic acid on rats with anti-GBM antibody glomerulonephritis.

BACKGROUND: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects and is currently used in the treatment of leukemia and dermatologic diseases. We tested the therapeutic potential of ATRA on anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis rats. METHODS: Glomerulonephritis was induced in male Wistar-Kyoto rats on day 0 by an intravenous injection of antirat GBM antibody. On day 14 after the induction of anti-GBM glomerulonephritis, some rats were sacrificed (N = 5). Another 10 rats were divided into two groups: the vehicle group (N = 5) and the ATRA treated group (N = 5). ATRA was orally administrated from day 14 to day 27 after disease induction. Blood pressure, body weight, urinary protein excretion, and blood chemistry was determined on days 1, 14, 21, and 27. Kidney samples were obtained on day 28. The kidneys were examined with periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS) and immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), rat monocyte and macrophage (ED-1), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). Glomerular RNA was extracted from isolated glomeruli, and reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. RESULTS: ATRA administration produced a 55% reduction of proteinuria in glomerulonephritis rats. Light microscopic analysis revealed severe necrosis/crescent formation (>50% of the glomerulus) affecting 34% of glomeruli in vehicle rats, whereas ATRA treatment reduced the glomeruli showing severe change to 14%. ATRA also significantly reduced PCNA-positive cells, ED-1-positive cells and alpha-SMA-positive area in the glomeruli. RT-PCR analyses revealed that a wide variety of genes including inflammation related [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPdelta)], cell proliferation-related [platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)] and fibrosis-related [transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), type I collagen, and alpha-SMA) genes were suppressed in the glomeruli of ATRA-treated rats. CONCLUSION: ATRA administration significantly reduced severe necrosis/crescent formation and urinary protein excretion in glomerulonephritis rats. Suppression of a wide variety of gene expression may partly explain the mechanism of ATRA's antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. These data suggest a novel therapeutic application of ATRA toward glomerulonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Y-27632 prevents tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mouse kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction.

BACKGROUND: The small GTPase Rho is involved in cell-to-substratum adhesion and cell contraction. These actions of Rho mediated by downstream Rho effectors such as Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) may be partly responsible for the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. METHODS: The anti-fibrosis effects of Y-27632, a specific ROCK inhibitor, were studied both in vivo (unilateral ureteral obstruction; UUO) and in vitro. To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Y-27632 in UUO kidneys, smooth muscle alpha actin (SMalphaA) expression, macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in the obstructed kidneys were studied. SMalphaA, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), alpha1 (I) collagen, osteopontin, macrophage chemoattractant peptide-1 (MCP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene expression were examined by Northern blotting. To elucidate the mechanism linking the Rho-ROCK pathway with renal fibrosis, the effects of Y-27632 on in vitro cell proliferation and cell migration were studied. RESULTS: In vivo analysis showed that Y-27632 suppressed SMalphaA expression, macrophage infiltration and interstitial fibrosis, and that Y-27632 suppressed SMalphaA, TGF-beta and alpha1 (I) collagen mRNA expression. In vitro analysis showed that Y-27632 did not suppress proliferation of renal fibroblasts but suppressed migration of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: The Rho-ROCK system may play an important role in the development of tissue fibrosis, and the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway may be a new therapeutic target for preventing interstitial fibrosis in progressive renal disease.

Actins↗
PubMed2002

Preoperative localization of small pulmonary lesions with a short hook wire and suture system: experience with 168 procedures.

PURPOSE: To evaluate use of a short hook wire and suture system for preoperative localization of pulmonary nodular lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Percutaneous localization of 168 lesions was performed with computed tomographic (CT) guidance in 150 patients. Patients were classified into three groups: a 3-year early-learning experience of treatment of 40 lesions mainly in one institution (group A1), a more recent 4-year experience of treatment of 88 lesions in the same institution (group A2), and the roughly synchronous recent 3-year experience of treatment of 40 lesions in a different hospital (group B). RESULTS: The hook wire was successfully placed without dislodgment in 146 patients, accounting for 164 (97.6%) of 168 lesions. Group A2 showed a success rate of 100%. There was no difference in patients among the three groups in regard to size of lesions or their distance from the pleural surface. In patients in groups A2 and B, the proportion of nodules with ground-glass opacity and primary lung carcinoma at CT was significantly greater than that in patients in group A1. In 168 placements, nonsymptomatic pneumothorax cases were observed in 54 (32.1%), hemorrhages into the lung were observed in 25 (14.9%), and hemorrhage into the pleural space was observed in one (0.6%). No patient complained of notable pain during or after the procedure, and no serious complication was experienced. Unsuccessful placement was caused by too shallow a puncture with the introducer needle. CONCLUSION: This system with a flexible suture for preoperative localization has a high success rate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Humoral immune responses during acute rejection in rat lung transplantation.

The detailed responses of humoral immunity during acute rejection remain obscure in lung transplantation (LTx). In order to clarify the reactions of alloantibodies (allo-Abs) during acute rejection, we demonstrated the time-course of changes in anti-donor Ab reaction in the peripheral blood and deposition in the grafts using a rat LTx model. Lewis (LEW) rats served as recipients for Brown Norway (BN) lung allografts (MHC fully incompatible combination). The left lung was transplanted orthotopically using a cuff technique. Syngeneic transplants (LEW to LEW) served as control. No immunosuppression therapy was administered in this model. We evaluated the alloreactivity against donor in rat recipients by detecting allo-Abs with a flow cytometric cross-match (FCXM) technique. Recipient serum samples were incubated with donor lymphocytes and stained with anti-rat immunoglobulin (Ig), to determine the titers of circulating allo-Abs in the peripheral blood with a three-color FCXM technique. We also examined the deposition of anti-donor Abs (IgG and IgM) in the grafts with an immunofluorescent method. All allografts were completely rejected and lost their aeration within 6 days after LTx. Strong allo-Abs responses of both IgG and IgM were observed in the peripheral blood during acute rejection. The level of IgM allo-Abs had already significantly increased on day 2 at the time of mild rejection; however, IgG Abs did not elevate until day 6, when the grade of rejection was severe. Circulating IgM levels started decreasing on day 8, whereas IgG Abs continued elevating. On the other hand, no evident deposition of allo-Abs in the grafts was observed until day 6. We have shown in this study that circulating IgM allo-Abs was detected at the time of mild allograft rejection, interestingly, before evident deposition in the graft. It might be suggested that allograft rejection progressed without antibody deposition until severe rejection.

Animals↗