Biomedical subjects

Alex V Mezheritsky

Publications and source records attributed to Alex V Mezheritsky.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Quality factor concept in piezoceramic transformer performance description.

A new general approach based on the quality factor concept to piezoceramic transformer (PT) performance description is proposed. The system's quality factor, material elastic anisotropy, and coupling factors of the input and output sections of an electrically excited and electrically loaded PT fully characterize its resonance and near-resonance behavior. The PT efficiency, transformation ratio, and input and output power were analytically analyzed and simulated as functions of the load and frequency for the simplest classical Langevin-type and Rosen-type PT designs. A new formulation of the electrical input impedance allows one to separate the power consumed by PT from the power transferred into the load. The system's PT quality factor takes into account losses in each PT "input-output-load" functional components. The loading process is changing PT input electrical impedance on the way that under loading the minimum series impedance is increasing and the maximum parallel impedance is decreasing coincidentally. The quality-factors ratio, between the states of fully loaded and nonloaded PT, is one of the best measures of PTs dynamic performance--practically, the lower the ratio is, the better PT efficiency. A simple and effective method for the loaded PT quality factor determination is proposed. As was found, a piezoceramic with low piezoelectric anisotropy is required to provide maximum PT efficiency and higher corresponding voltage gain. Limitations on the PT output voltage and power, caused by nonlinear effects in piezoceramics, were established.

Ceramics↗

PubMed2005

Electrical measurement of a high-frequency, high-capacitance piezoceramic resonator with resistive electrodes.

In a thin and large area PZT-ceramics piezoresonator (PR) with relatively low resonance impedance, caused by high-frequency resonance and high PR capacitance, the effect of electrode resistivity and parasitic resistive and inductive elements in the measurement fixture results in significant distortion of the measured thickness-mode (longitudinal TL, shear TS) resonance response-resonance frequency shifts and characteristics deformation. This distortion may not allow the precise measurement of the PR characteristic frequencies, quality factor, and electromechanical coupling coefficient so essential to a complete PR and material characterization. A theoretical description of the "energy-trap" phenomena in a thickness-vibrating PR with resistive electrodes is presented. To interpret electrical measurements, the electromechanical model, including for completeness both the PR with resistive electrodes (as a system with distributed parameters) and the measurement fixture, is developed. The method of two contact points on the electrode provides deep sharpening and exact determination of the PR resonance. For the optimal disposition of the contact fingers, the resonance bandwidth of a real PR with resistive electrodes is even more pointed than that for the ideal PR.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

A method of "weak resonance" for quality factor and coupling coefficient measurement in piezoelectrics.

In the absolute-immittance spectrum of a piezoelectric resonator (PR), if the relative resonance-antiresonance frequency interval of a high-intensity resonance is basically determined by the coefficient of electromechanical coupling (CEMC), the relative resonance-antiresonance frequency interval of a low-intensity resonance with the resonance-antiresonance attenuation less than 15 dB, regardless of the reason, is determined by the quality factor Q of the resonance, and its intensity is proportional to the CEMC. The technique for the quality factor and CEMC determination based on the "weak resonance" (WR) concept has been formulated and then applied to low-Q and/or low-CEMC piezoelectrics, including the initial stage of piezoceramics polarization, and to piezotransducers under electrical or mechanical loading with maximum efficiency. The WR method allows one to determine the quality factor on PRs under specific conditions, such as arbitrary PR shape resulting to a broken frequency spectrum; PRs with an extremely large or extremely low electrical capacitance; at high-order PR harmonics; electrodeless piezoelements under mechanically contactless electrical excitation; determining the local thickness-mode material quality factor value and its distribution along the surface of a thin electrodeless piezoplate--all this where the traditional methods show a poor performance or do not work at all.

Ceramics↗

PubMed2004

Elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric losses in piezoceramics: how it works all together.

The quality factor along with electromechanical coupling coefficient (CEMC) is commonly used as a measure of the energy efficiency of a piezoelectric transducer (PT) working as an energy converter. Losses in piezoceramics are phenomenologically considered to have three coupled mechanisms: dielectric, elastic, and piezoelectric. Their cumulative performance first of all determines the PT quality factor characterizing the efficiency of vibrational energy accumulation, and related to it dissipative effects. The extended definition of the PT electromechanical quality factor (EMQ) with permanent energy exchange between electrical source of excitation and PT was proposed. The EMQ analysis has been conducted on the basis of complex material constants for both stiffened and unstiffened canonical vibrational modes. The efficiency of mechanically free and electrically excited piezoceramic transducers in a wide frequency range of PT harmonics, especially between the fundamental resonance and antiresonance frequencies, was investigated, and the effect of piezoelectric loss anomaly with extremely low total losses was predicted. Particularly, optimization of PT excitation with connected reactive (capacitive) element was conducted to provide higher PT mechanical vibrational characteristics with less total losses. The requirements to the piezoceramic material parameters, types of transducer vibrations, and especially to the piezoelectric loss factor in the range of physically valid values were established to provide maximal EMQ.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Invariants of electromechanical coupling coefficients in piezoceramics.

The relationships between coefficients of electromechanical coupling (CEMC) of various types of piezoceramic resonator (PR) vibrations are considered. Being constant for a given piezoceramic state, the range of variation of piezoceramics dielectric permittivity from a mechanically "free" condition at relatively low frequencies up to an "overall clamped" condition at high frequencies is determined by a consecutive "clamping", caused by a complex of CEMCs of various particular vibrational modes peculiar to the resonator. As the difference between "free" and "overall clamped" permittivities is always determined by the maximal piezomaterial ki3 coupling coefficient, the difference does not depend on the path that was gone through the low-high frequency range, which includes all the vibrational modes possible for a particular PR. The influence of the piezoelectric and elastic anisotropy of lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) piezoceramic materials on relative CEMC variations was experimentally investigated.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Efficiency of excitation of piezoceramic transducers at antiresonance frequency.

The efficiency of piezoceramic transducers excited at both the resonance and antiresonance frequency was investigated. Losses in piezoceramics are phenomenologically considered to have three coupled mechanisms: dielectric, mechanical, and piezoelectric losses. Expressions for the resonance and antiresonance quality factors, which ultimately determine transducer efficiency, have been received on the basis of complex material constants for both stiffened and unstiffened vibration modes. Comparison of electric and mechanical fields, thermal and electrical losses of power supply, and their distribution in the transducer volume have been made. For a given constant mechanical displacement of the transducer top, the required electric voltage applied to the transducer at the antiresonance frequency is proportional to the resonance quality factor, but the changes in the intrinsic electric and mechanical field characteristics in the common case are not too essential. The requirements on the piezoceramic parameters, types of transducer vibration, and especially on the factor of piezoelectric losses in a range of physically valid values were established to provide maximal quality factors at the antiresonance frequency.

Journal Article↗