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Biomedical subjects

Alexander M Reiter

Publications and source records attributed to Alexander M Reiter.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Update on the etiology of tooth resorption in domestic cats.

Based on recent findings of increased vitamin D activity in cats with feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions (FORL), the present article provides further clues on the possible etiology of FORL. Microscopic features of FORL and other peculiarities of feline permanent teeth are compared with pathologic findings obtained from experimental studies in other species. Administration of excess vitamin D or vitamin D metabolites in laboratory animals caused changes to dental and periodontal tissues that resemble histopathologic features of teeth from cats with FORL. Chronic excess dietary vitamin D may be the long-sought cause of multiple tooth resorption in domestic cats. It may also provide a basis for future research on idiopathic hypercalcemia and renal disease in the same species.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Management of generalized gingival enlargement in a dog--case report and literature review.

The present report describes treatment of a dog with generalized gingival enlargement and serves as a review of etiology and treatment options for this condition. The combined use of scalpel blade, electrosurgical equipment, and a 12-fluted bur on a high-speed handpiece with water irrigation allowed for accurate excision of excess gingival tissue and contouring of remaining gingiva. Surgery coupled with professional dental cleaning/periodontal therapy can decrease the recurrence of this condition. In addition, home oral hygiene is an important component of the treatment plan. The history of patients with gingival enlargement should be reviewed carefully, including drug history and previous medical conditions, in an attempt to elucidate a specific cause and thus allow for greater long-term success.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Hemisection and partial retention of carnassial teeth in client-owned dogs.

Nine client-owned dogs presented with periodontally and/or endodontically involved mandibular or maxillary carnassial teeth that were either individually affected or adjacent to a jaw fracture. A total of 10 teeth were hemisected (8 mandibular first molar teeth and 2 maxillary fourth premolar teeth), and one crown-root segment was extracted for each tooth. Gingival tissues were approximated and sutured over the extraction sites, and the retained tooth portions were treated by means of standard root canal therapy or vital pulp therapy followed by standard root canal therapy. Retained crown-root segments of 2 of the 10 hemisected teeth were extracted following short- and long-term postoperative examinations due to continued periodontal complications. It was concluded that resection of a portion of a tooth can be a useful treatment for periodontally and/or endodontically involved carnassial teeth that are affected individually or located adjacent to a jaw fracture in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Repair of a gingival cleft associated with a maxillary canine tooth in a dog.

This case report describes repair of a gingival cleft located on the labial aspect of the maxillary left canine tooth in a client-owned dog. Multiple procedures were performed including elevation of a pedicle flap, granulation tissue removal, alveoloplasty and root planing, and placement of an osteoconductive bone graft material. The surgical site was closed with a laterally repositioned flap. Postoperative examinations were performed at 2 and 3-weeks without chemical restraint and at 3 and 10-months postoperatively under general anesthesia. At the 10-month postoperative examination, a broad band of gingiva surrounded the maxillary left canine tooth, and probing revealed absence of periodontal pockets. Intraoral dental radiographs indicated maintenance of alveolar bone height and incorporation of the bone graft material into alveolar bone.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of calciotropic hormones in cats with odontoclastic resorptive lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To assess associations between epidemiologic and laboratory variables and calciotropic hormones in cats with odontoclastic resorptive lesions (ORLs). ANIMALS: 182 client-owned cats older than 1 year of age with oral disease. PROCEDURE: Information on medical history, behavior, living environment, and feeding management was assessed by use of a questionnaire. After induction of general anesthesia, oral examination was performed following standardized protocols and included dental probing and full-mouth radiography. Laboratory analyses included evaluation of FeLV-FIV status, serum biochemical analyses, CBC, urinalysis, and serum concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), free thyroxine (fT4), and ionized calcium (iCa). RESULTS: ORLs were identified in 72.5% of cats. Mandibular third premolars were the most commonly affected teeth. Cats with ORLs were significantly older (mean, 9.2 years) than cats without ORLs (mean, 6.6 years). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that 25-OHD, urine specific gravity, jaw-opening reflex on probing, and missing teeth were significant variables, even after accounting for age. Cats with ORLs had significantly higher mean serum concentration of 25-OHD (112.4 nmol/L) and significantly lower mean urine specific gravity (1.0263), compared with cats without ORLs (89.8 nmol/L and 1.0366, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results did not indicate associations between iPTH, PTHrP, or fT4 and development of ORLs. In affected cats, the importance of high serum 25-OHD and low urine specific gravity has not been determined.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Symphysiotomy, symphysiectomy, and intermandibular arthrodesis in a cat with open-mouth jaw locking--case report and literature review.

A Persian cat was presented with open-mouth jaw locking. It was suspected that abnormal extrusion of the maxillary canine teeth caused contact with the mandibular canine teeth on closure of the mouth, resulting in levering forces that may have led to increased symphyseal mobility, temporomandibular joint laxity, rotational movement of the left mandibular body and locking of the left coronoid process lateral to the zygomatic arch. Symphysiotomy, symphysiectomy, circumferential and interdental wiring, and intraoral resin-based splint application were performed to achieve intermandibular arthrodesis. Following removal of all devices, no further jaw locking episodes were reported during a 33-month follow-up period.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Local and systemic complications in a cat after poorly performed dental extractions.

This case report describes a cat that was presented with infected oral tissues and signs of systemic inflammatory response. Incomplete dental extractions had been performed 10-days earlier During a second dental procedure, 22 tooth root remnants were removed. Diabetic ketoacidosis and possible thromboembolism complicated the cat's recovery period After 13-days of hospitalization, the patient was stable enough to be sent home. Postoperative examinations at 1, 3, 6, 12, 16, 24, and 52-weeks indicated continued improvement with moderate glycemic control and chronic but stable renal failure. The patient died from further complications of diabetic ketoacidosis 20-months following root remnant extractions.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions an unsolved enigma in veterinary dentistry.

This article presents a comprehensive review of the literature on feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions (FORLs), including etiopathogenesis, prevalence and predisposition, classification, histopathologic appearance, diagnosis, and treatment. Approximately one-third of all domestic cats may develop FORLs during their life span, and the risk of developing FORLs increases with age. Sophisticated dental treatments promise neither cure nor permanent improvement of affected teeth. Extraction is the current treatment of choice. Research on the etiology of FORLs has not been rewarding in recent years, and the causative factors contributing to the development of FORLs are still unknown.

Animals↗