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Biomedical subjects

Ali Altuntaş

Publications and source records attributed to Ali Altuntaş.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Does Helicobacter pylori have role in development of otitis media with effusion?

OBJECTIVE: Recently, it was suggested that tonsil and adenoid tissues may act as a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori (HP). A connection between chronic tubotympanal disorders and gastroesophageal reflux is well recognized, but the mechanism underlying this relationship is unclear. In this study, we investigated possible presence of HP in adenoid tissue and middle ear effusions in patients with chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) and we compared the data with the results of the children who had adenoid hypertrophy without OME. METHODS: The study was comprised of 38 consecutive children with adenoid hypertrophy and/or chronic OME. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 18 subjects having OME+adenoid hypertrophy and the second group included 20 subjects having solely adenoid hypertrophy. Each patient underwent the appropriate surgical procedure; myringotomy, placement of tympanostomy tubes and/or adenoidectomy. After myringotomy, the middle ear effusions were collected in a suction and collection device and a core biopsy specimen was taken from each adenoid tissue following adenoidectomy. DNA extracted from these samples was used for the amplification of 23S ribosomal RNA gene of HP by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: In the first group 34 effusion samples were obtained from ears of 18 patients (two had unilateral OME). HP was found to be positive in 12 children (67%) and 16 of 34 ears (47%) with RT-PCR. In eight children HP was positive in only one ear and in four children in both ears. No positive reaction was seen in tissue samples obtained from adenoids of these patients. In the second group a positive reaction was seen in adenoid tissue of only one patient. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that there is HP presence in middle ears of the children with chronic OME, indicating HP having a possible role in OME pathogenesis. In addition, we demonstrated HP presence in only 1 of 38 adenoid specimens supporting the idea that adenoid tissue does not act as a reservoir for HP.

Adenoids↗
PubMed2005

The correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency by Furlow palatoplasty in patients older than 3 years undergoing Veau-Wardill-Kilner palatoplasty: a prospective clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Velopharyngeal insufficiency may persist after primary repair of the palate. This insufficiency causes a speech deficit. Although there are many treatment alternatives, the most effective treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency remains controversial. METHODS: The authors performed Furlow palatoplasty in patients older than 3 years who had undergone primary palatoplasty with the Veau-Wardill-Kilner technique. Speech was assessed by a speech therapist before and after the operation. Velopharyngeal closure and velum motion were recorded using a video nasendoscope before and also 12 months after the operation. Any increase in velum length was measured. RESULTS: After Furlow palatoplasty, 10 of 27 patients (37 percent) made complete recovery and 12 (44 percent) made substantial recovery from hypernasal resonance, but five (18.5 percent) showed no improvement. Regarding nasal emission, 16 of 27 patients (59.3 percent) made complete and eight (29.6 percent) made substantial recovery, but there was no change in three (11 percent). Five of 27 patients (18.5 percent) achieved complete intelligibility and 18 of 27 (66.7 percent) improved intelligibility, but four (14.8 percent) did not show any improvement in intelligibility. Articulation improved considerably in 17 of 27 (63 percent). The overall rate of surgical success and near misses who benefited from the surgery was 18 of 27 (67 percent), and a positive correlation between surgical success and articulation and intelligibility was noticed. Video nasendoscopy showed complete velopharyngeal closure in 15 of 27 patients (56 percent). The mean velar length increased by 44 percent. After secondary Furlow palatoplasty, patients with small gaps benefited more. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that Furlow palatoplasty performed in later years improves not only speech but also velopharyngeal closure by reorienting the levator veli palatini muscle and augmenting the velum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Effects of ascorbic acid on oxidative system and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in rabbits exposed to noise.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objective was to investigate the effects of both noise exposure and ascorbic acid on oxidative status and hearing thresholds of rabbits. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective animal study comparing oxidative parameters and otoacoustic emissions in two rabbit groups exposed to noise. One group was given ascorbic acid, the other group was not given any treatment. METHODS: Two groups of rabbits were used in the study; each group had six rabbits. The six rabbits in the first group were not given any treatment, whereas 500 mg intramuscular ascorbic acid twice daily for 2 1/2 days was given to the six rabbits in the second group. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions were recorded in all animals before and after noise exposure. Total protein sulfhydryl groups, carbonyl contents, and malondialdehyde levels, as well as erythrocyte glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzyme levels, were measured in all rabbits. All the rabbits were exposed to noise (100 dB sound pressure level, 1000 Hz, 1 h), and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions were recorded again. RESULTS: When oxidative parameters before noise exposure were compared, erythrocyte glutathione and catalase enzyme levels were detected to be higher in the second group (P <.05). In the first group of rabbits after noise exposure, total protein sulfhydryl groups were found to be reduced (P <.05), whereas plasma carbonyl contents and malondialdehyde levels were elevated significantly (P <.05). In this group, erythrocyte glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzyme levels were low (P <.05). In the second group, which was given ascorbic acid, total protein sulfhydryl groups were reduced (P <.05), whereas plasma carbonyl contents and malondialdehyde levels did not change (P >.05) following noise exposure. In the second group, erythrocyte glutathione and catalase enzyme levels were reduced (P <.05), but superoxide dismutase levels did not change (P >.05). Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions after noise exposure were weak in both groups, but reproducibility and signal-to-noise ratios were higher in the second group (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Ascorbic acid treatment inhibited both lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage of proteins in rabbits exposed to noise. The study data suggest, at least, that oxidative status should be included in the physiopathology of noise-induced hearing loss; in addition, a brief application of ascorbic acid before noise exposure appeared to play a protective role for cochlea.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Spontaneous trans-sphenoidal encephalocele presenting with nontraumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (case report)].

Encephaloceles are uncommon and can arise from congenital, traumatic, or spontaneous origins. Approximately 80% of all cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrheas are caused by head injuries. Spontaneous or nontraumatic encephaloceles or cerebrospinal fluid leaks have been the least common in most series, accounting for only 3% to 5% of all cerebrospinal fluid leaks. There is a high incidence of meningitis and brain abscess. Thus, early diagnosis is very important. We present an adult patient with uncomplicated nontraumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea that was caused by spontaneous trans-sphenoidal encephalocele.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea↗
PubMed2004

Schwannoma of the upper lip: a case report.

Schwannomas are neurogenic tumors that arise from the Schwann cells of the nerve sheath. They are benign, usually solitary, and encapsulated neoplasms. In this report, a 29-year-old woman with a complaint of painless swelling in the upper lip is presented. Computed tomography showed a well-circumscribed solid mass. The lesion was excised and histopathologic diagnosis was made as schwannoma. The postoperative course was uneventful. No recurrence was observed during a follow-up period of 12 months.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Cavernous hemangioma of the left vocal cord.

Laryngeal hemangioma in adults is a very rare condition. We report the case of a 41-year-old man with hemangioma of the left vocal cord. The literature on this rare occurrence is reviewed and the significance of the case discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[A report of Thornwaldt's cyst in four patients: the effectiveness of endoscopic approach in three symptomatic cases].

We encountered Thornwaldt cysts in four patients (3 males, 1 female; age range 30 to 46 years). Three symptomatic patients underwent endoscopic surgery. No intervention was made in one asymptomatic patient. Cyst-related complications included bilateral middle ear effusion in one patient. Postoperatively, no symptoms or recurrences were observed in a mean follow-up period of 11 months. In the asymptomatic patient, the cyst size remained unchanged during eight-month follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Bilateral second branchial cleft cysts without any associated congenital abnormality: a case report.

A thirty-year-old male patient with bilateral second branchial cleft cysts is presented, in whom no association was found with any other congenital abnormality, in particular branchio-oto-renal syndrome. He had a complaint of painless swelling on both sides of the neck. Physical and radiological examinations showed bilateral branchial cleft cysts. A coexisting congenital syndrome could not be documented despite investigations including physical examination, blood biochemistry and complete blood count, audiologic tests, temporal bone computed tomography, and abdominal and renal ultrasonography. Surgical excision was performed on both sides with a three-week interval. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. The postoperative period was uneventful, with no recurrence during a follow-up period of 12 months.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Unilateral aplasia of the submandibular gland.

The congenital absence of major salivary glands is an extremely rare disorder. In this case, we report a 32-year-old woman who came to us with right submandibular gland aplasia, which was detected incidentally. The literature on this rare occurrence is reviewed and the significance of the patient is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on pulmonary arterial pressure in children.

PURPOSE: It is well known that hypertrophic tonsils and adenoids may cause upper-airway obstruction. The aim of this study is to determine the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in children with hypertrophic tonsils and adenoids and to clarify whether tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) has any effect on mean pulmonary arterial pressure of these children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two randomly selected children (36 male, 16 female) aged between 4 and 11 (mean 7.7+/-2.5) a with a diagnosis of upper-airway obstruction resulting from hypertrophied tonsils and adenoids were included in our study. Thirty-three children were assigned as controls with similar age and sex distribution with the study groups. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was measured by using Doppler echocardiography preoperatively and mean 5.4+/-2.9 months postoperatively in all subjects. RESULTS: When the mean pulmonary arterial pressure values of study and control group compared preoperatively, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure levels of the children in the study group were significantly higher than the mean pulmonary arterial pressure levels of the children in the control group (P<.05) (study group mean PAP=23.13+/-7.68, control group mean PAP=16.11+/-7.24) (Levene's test, P<.05). When the preoperative and postoperative results were compared, it was found that there was a statistically significant decrease in mean pulmonary arterial pressures in these 52 children (preoperative mean PAP=23.13+/-7.68, postoperative mean PAP=17.00+/-6.99) (paired sample t test, P<.05). Twenty-seven of the 52 subjects in the study group were pulmonary hypertensive preoperatively. mPAPs of 18 of these children decreased to normal range yielding 9 subjects, and this was also found ststistically significant (McNemar test, P<.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that obstructive adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy causes higher mPAP values in children and revealed that T&A is an effective therapeutic measure in such patients.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital vomeral bone defect.

Congenital anomalies of the nose is comprised of a broad spectrum of different types of malformations ranging from a minor alar cleft to total agenesia. Reports about congenital septal defects are few in literature. In this manuscript, we report on a 19-year-old male patient with a congenital defect on the posteroinferior portion of the septum. The defect was diagnosed by endoscopy and confirmed by computed tomography. This defect probably occurred because of an arrest in development of vomeral bone. The literature on this rare occurrence is reviewed, and the significance of the patient is discussed.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nasolabial cyst: two cases].

Nasolabial cysts are developmental swellings originating from the epithelial remnants of the nasolacrimal ductus. In this report we present two female patients (age 44 and 54 years) with nasolabial cysts. In both cases the leading complaints arose from cosmetic appearance. Surgical excision by sublabial approach was performed. Histopathological diagnoses were in agreement with the clinical diagnoses. The patients had an uneventful postoperative period and no recurrences were seen during a follow-up period of 12 months.

Adult↗