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Biomedical subjects

Alireza Khatami

Publications and source records attributed to Alireza Khatami.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Ceftriaxone associated nephrolithiasis: a prospective study in 284 children.

Urinary tract calculi have been reported to account for between 1 in 1,000 and 1 in 7,600 hospital admissions in children in the USA. The annual incidence of urolithiasis in patients older than 10 years is 109 per 100,000 of the population in men and 36 per 100,000 of the population in women in Minnesota. The use of various medications is considered to be one of the etiologic factors of nephrolithiasis. Ceftriaxone is a widely used third-generation cephalosporin that is generally considered very safe, but complications such as biliary pseudolithiasis, and rarely, nephrolithiasis have been reported in children. There is limited information about urolithiasis as a side effect of ceftriaxone. The aim of this study was evaluation of the incidence of nephrolithiasis following ceftriaxone therapy in children. This quasi-experimental before and after study was conducted in Mofid Children's Hospital between 2003 and 2005. All patients were treated with 75 mg/kg intravenous ceftriaxone. Diagnosis of pyelonephritis was based on standard criteria. The first renal ultrasonography was performed on the first or second day of admission and was repeated on the last day of treatment. We also evaluated complicated patients for the third time with renal ultrasonography 3 months after treatment. Stone-forming patients underwent metabolic kidney stone risk factor evaluation. We evaluated 284 patients with pyelonephritis, 185 girls and 99 boys. The first ultrasonography was normal in all of our patients. On the second ultrasonography renal stones were reported in 4 out of 284 cases (1.4% and CI=0.96-1.83%). Underlying metabolic risk factors could not be identified in stone-forming patients. Follow-up ultrasonography 3 months later was normal. The results of our study suggest that ceftriaxone-treated patients may be at an increased risk of kidney stone formation. Stones passed spontaneously in all affected patients so the use of this effective drug can be safely continued. Close monitoring of ceftriaxone-treated patients with regard to kidney stone formation is recommended.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

Unilateral non-pigmenting fixed drug eruption associated with cotrimoxazole.

The pathogenesis of fixed drug eruption (FDE) is still unknown. One of the most common associations of FDE is the use of sulfonamides. Cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole) is one of the most commonly prescribed sulfonamide drugs. Non-pigmenting FDE (NPFDE) is a a relatively rare condition and only a few cases have been reported. We describe a case of unilateral NPFDE in a 45-year-old man whose lesions were on his right leg and foot as well as his ipsilateral penile skin. Cotrimoxazole was suspected as the offending drug and its role was confirmed by an oral challenge test.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

Imiquimod in combination with meglumine antimoniate for cutaneous leishmaniasis: a randomized assessor-blind controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of imiquimod in combination with meglumine antimoniate in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, assessor-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Two primary care health clinics. PATIENTS: One hundred nineteen patients (59 patients in the imiquimod group and 60 in the placebo group) were included in the study. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to receive a combined 4-week course of imiquimod or placebo with meglumine antimoniate treatment (20 mg/kg of pentavalent antimony daily for 2 weeks) in an endemic area of Leishmania tropica. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was clinical cure, defined as more than 75% reduction in the size of lesions compared with baseline at week 8. RESULTS: At the end of the 4-week treatment period, clinical cure was similar in both groups (11 patients [18.6%] in the imiquimod-treated group vs 18 patients [30.0%] in the placebo group) (P = .15). Four weeks after the end of treatment, 26 patients (44.1%) and 29 patients (48.3%) in the imiquimod-treated and placebo groups, respectively, were cured (P = .64). Pruritus and burning sensation were reported by 3 patients treated with imiquimod and by no patients treated with placebo. CONCLUSION: This study showed no beneficial effect of combining a 4-week course of treatment with 5% imiquimod cream and a standard course of treatment with meglumine antimoniate in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area of L tropica. TRIAL REGISTRATION: isrctn.org Identifier:ISRCTN77659407 and Cochrane Skin Group Identifier: CSG Trial No. 32.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2004

Macular amyloidosis: an assessment of prevalence, sex, and age.

Macular amyloidosis is a relatively common cutaneous disease in Asia and the Middle East. It is characterized by a reticulated or rippled pattern of pigmentation mostly in the upper back. This study was performed not only to determine the disease sex and age distribution, but also to evaluate its risk factors and the frequency among the dermatology clinic patients. Based on the clinical and random histopathologic findings, 100 macular amyloidosis patients were evaluated in a period of 3 years. Although the sex distribution (9 : 1, female : male ratio) differed dramatically from most of the previous reports, it was consistent with few other series. Eighty one percent of patients were between 21 and 50 years of age. The mean age of the female patients was higher than that of the males (difference of two means was 10.26 years and P = 0.027). Backscatching during bathing probably is not a common practice in Iran, therefore we could not consider this as a risk factor in our study. We found no evidence of any other associated risk factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis.

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rare cutaneous disorder characterized by recurrent cyclic eruptions with variable morphology occurring during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman with recurrent pruritic eruptions of 8 years' duration. The possibility of autoimmune progresterone dermatitis was raised because of the cyclic nature of the exacerbations. We used oral estrogen both to confirm the diagnosis and to treat the patient. A brief review of the clinical features of the disease is also presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intralesional injection of 2% zinc sulfate solution in the treatment of acute old world cutaneous leishmaniasis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.

Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown inhibitory effects of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) on Leishmania parasites. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of intralesional injections of 2% ZnSO4 solution with meglumine antimonate (Glucantime) in the treatment of acute Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Seventy-two patients with CL lesions less than 8 weeks were recruited in a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial in an area endemic for Leishmania major after giving written informed consent. They were treated with 6 weekly intralesional injections of either drug. Among 36 patients with 53 lesions treated with ZnSO4 and 36 patients with 53 lesions treated with Glucantime, 13 patients with 19 lesions and 22 patients with 31 lesions completed the trial, respectively. Inadequacy of treatment was the main reason for drop-out in 12 (33.3%) and 2 (5.5%) patients in ZnSO4 and Glucantime groups, respectively (P < .05). Complete re-epithelialization was observed in 2 (10.5%) and 19 (61.3%) lesions 1 week after the end of treatment in the ZnSO4 and Glucantime groups, respectively (P < .05). In conclusion a 6-week course of weekly intralesional injections of 2% ZnSO4 solution was less effective than Glucantime in the treatment of acute Old World CL.

Adolescent↗