Hyperimmune goat serum (Aimspro): hope or hype?
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Allan G Kermode
Publications and source records attributed to Allan G Kermode.
Central motor drive and perception of effort during fatigue in multiple sclerosis.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if task performance and fatiguability during repeated low-level contractions of an intrinsic hand muscle differ in a group of MS subjects compared with a control group, and what central changes accompany the development of fatigue and the period of recovery, whether these measures are related to subjective ratings of fatigue or perception of effort. METHODS: Force of index finger abduction, rating of perceived effort, and motor evoked potential amplitude and silent period duration were measured during and after a 20-min. intermittent submaximal (40%) contraction of the first dorsal interosseous muscle in 23 clinically definite MS subjects with mild-moderate symptoms, and 15 controls. RESULTS: Rating of perceived effort increased at a greater rate in the MS group than in control subjects during exercise, and this was associated with larger increases in both MEP amplitude and silent period duration. CONCLUSIONS: Submaximal fatiguing exercise is associated with an enhanced central motor drive and increased perception of effort in MS. SIGNIFICANCE: MS subjects can increase central drive during fatiguing exercise to a greater degree than controls, but this is associated with greater perceived exertion. These factors may underlie the more general complaint of fatigue experienced by people with MS.
Adult↗
Corticomotor organisation and motor function in multiple sclerosis.
Our objective was to determine whether there are changes in the corticomotor map for the hand in multiple sclerosis, and whether these changes correlate with indices of motor function and measures of corticomotor conduction or excitability. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) maps, motor evoked potential (MEP) latency and amplitude, motor threshold and EDSS and Purdue-pegboard measurements were made in 26 subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Correlations were sought between these measurements using the Pearson product-moment correlation with a level of significance of p = 0.05 (two-tailed). Map displacement was positively correlated with MEP latency (p = 3 x 10(-4)) and EDSS (p = 0.007), and negatively correlated with Purdue score (p = 4 x 10(-4)). Purdue scores correlated with all MEP parameters (latency, p = 4 x 10(-10); threshold, p = 4 x 10(-6); amplitude, p = 0.003). We conclude that motor reorganisation is associated with impaired corticomotor conduction and may reflect a process of neural plasticity associated with axonal demyelination in MS. An understanding of motor function in MS should incorporate models of both axonal demyelination and conduction deficits as well as neural plasticity.
Adult↗