Biomedical subjects

Altan Yildirim

Publications and source records attributed to Altan Yildirim.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Karyometric analysis of nasal polyps.

OBJECTIVES: Nuclear characteristics of epithelial cells in nasal polyps were analyzed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The slides of 35 patients who underwent surgery for nasal polyposis and 18 slides of normal mucosa were examined. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Tissue sections were analyzed by a CCD camera and the Karyotype Program of Human Cytogenetics Nomenclature System on a Macintosh computer (OS 9). Fifty epithelial cells in each slide were randomly selected and transferred to the automated karyotyping system and photographed. The diameters of the nuclei were measured and some peculiar nuclear features were examined, including unsmooth appearance of the nuclear membrane, anaphase-bridge, and binucleation. RESULTS: There were significant differences between nasal polyp and normal mucosa groups in terms of nuclear diameter, perimeter, and volume, with all variables being greater in the nasal polyp group (p=0.001). Unusual nuclear features differed significantly (unsmooth nuclear membrane appearance, p<0.001; anaphase-bridge, p=0.041; binucleation, p=0.018), as well. CONCLUSION: Epithelial cells of nasal polyps exhibit nuclear instability.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Effect of intratympanic dexamethasone on noise-induced temporary threshold shift.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of intratympanic treatment of dexamethasone (IT-DEX) and combination of DEX and hyaluronic acid (DEX/HA) for noise-induced temporary threshold shift (NITTS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: NITTS was experimentally performed in 60 rats. Electrophysiologic hearing thresholds of the rats were measured before and right after noise exposure. Then, the rats were placed into two groups, the first 30 rats in an IT-DEX group and the second in an IT-DEX/HA group. Treatments were performed in the two subgroups (30 ears in one subgroup) of each group. In the IT-DEX group, one ear of each rat was treated with 0.02 mL IT-DEX, and the other ear was treated with IT 0.02 mL physiologic solution of serum saline. In the IT-DEX/HA group, one ear of each rat was treated with combination of 0.01 mL IT-DEX and 0.01 mL HA, and the other ear was treated with IT 0.02 mL of physiologic solution of serum saline. One week after the treatments, electrophysiologic hearing thresholds of all rats were measured again. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed in recovery values of electrophysiologic hearing thresholds between IT-DEX and serum saline (P = .641) in the IT-DEX group. Also, we found no statistically significant difference in the recovery values of electrophysiologic hearing thresholds between IT-DEX/HA and serum saline (P = .344) in the IT-DEX/HA group. CONCLUSION: There is no effect of either IT-DEX and DEX/HA for NITTS.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed2005

Fracture of skull base with delayed multiple cranial nerve palsies.

This report describes a pediatric case of delayed glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, and facial nerve palsies after a head injury. Computed tomography scan of the skull base revealed the fracture of the petrous part of the temporal bone, and the fracture involved the tip of petrous pyramid, in front of the jugular foramen. The anatomical features, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed.

Child↗

PubMed2005

Synovial sarcoma of the nasal septum.

No case of synovial sarcoma of the nasal septum has so far been reported. We present a patient with synovial sarcoma of the nasal septum and review the related literature. The patient underwent local excision without adjuvant therapy. There was no local recurrence or distant metastasis in the 18-month follow-up period.

Female↗

PubMed2005

Effect of climate on the bacteriology of chronic suppurative otitis media.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the correlation between the microbial content of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and regional climatic parameters. METHODS: We assessed the interrelations between monthly mean records of temperature, maximum temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity and the aerobic microbial flora in CSOM. RESULTS: Forty-three bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae, 67 staphylococcal spp, 51 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 9 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1 alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus, 1 Enterococcus sp, and 2 Edwardsiella tarda strains were recovered from 173 patients with CSOM. There was a good relationship between enteric bacteria and monthly mean temperature (r = 0.501) and significant colonization rates due to increasing monthly mean temperature (p = .040) and monthly mean maximum temperature values (p = .048). CONCLUSIONS: When the weather warmed, the frequency of isolation of enteric bacteria increased significantly. Temperature changes may affect the enteric bacterial colonization of CSOM.

Atmospheric Pressure↗

PubMed2004

An analysis of correlation between the unusual location of the jugular bulb and audiovestibular symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: Case reports indicate that abnormal location of the jugular bulb (JB) may result with some vestibular and audiological symptoms. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between the radiological view of the JB and audiovestibular findings and to clarify its possible role for Meniere-like problems. METHOD: Fifty-six patients, who had abnormal view of the JB on computerized tomography (CT) were selected to the study in this prospective case review. They were classified in three groups (Group-I; Lateral, Group-II; Intermediate and Group-III; Medial), according to the location of the JB. Patients were subjected to audiogram and vestibular tests (Dix-Hallpike maneuver, fistula test, vestibulospinal tests, electronystagmography (ENG)). RESULTS: JB was compressing on the cochlear aqueduct (CA) in two patients in group-II. Seventeen out of 25 patients in group-III had radiological evidence of obstruction of vestibular aqueduct (VA). 19 patients had neurosensorial and four patients had conductive hearing loss. All of the patients in group-I and nine of the patients in group-II gave normal caloric response to stimulation. Twelve of 19 patients in group-III demonstrated canal paresis ranging from 22 to 80%. CONCLUSION: Present study points out that there is a high correlation between HJB and vestibular problems in symptomatic cases. In patients who have HJB without classic vertigo attacks subclinical involvement of the vestibular system has been observed on ENG recordings. These findings imply that radiological existence of HJB may be a predisposing factor for Meniere-like complaints.

Electronystagmography↗

PubMed2004

Rosai-Dorfman disease associated with neurosensorial hearing loss in two siblings.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an uncommon pathologic condition of unknown ethiology with an idiopathic proliferation of the hystiocytes. It is generally presented with massive bilateral hypertrophy of the cervical lymph nodes. But other lymph nodes may also be involved. Approximately, 30% of these patients have extra nodal mass or lesion with different signs or symptoms depending on localization. We present two male siblings with Rosai-Dorfman disease who have classical cervical lymphadenopathy associated with progressive neurosensorial hearing loss and dural-based intracranial lesions.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed2004

Hearing impairment associated with spinal anesthesia.

OBJECTIVES: Hearing loss after spinal anesthesia has been reported to be related to the transmission of a reduced subarachnoid pressure to the inner ear via the cochlear aqueduct due to loss of spinal fluid. However, there are also some controversies related to this phenomenon, which require systematic investigation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effect of spinal needle diameter on hearing loss was investigated using audiometric tests in a prospective comparative study of 30 patients who were scheduled for surgery with spinal anesthesia. The bony structure of the cochlear and vestibular aqueducts was determined from temporal bone CT scans. RESULTS: Four out of 15 patients (26.67%) treated with a 22 G spinal needle demonstrated hearing loss the day after surgery, which recovered within 2-5 weeks. However, none of the patients treated with a 27 G spinal needle had statistically significant hearing loss in either ear at any frequency. Three out of four patients with hearing loss had an acute-onset balance problem. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of the widths of the vestibular and cochlear aqueducts. CONCLUSIONS: It has been shown audiometrically that the diameter of the spinal needle used to induce spinal anesthesia seems to have an effect on subsequent hearing loss. The patency of the bony canal determines the transmission of pressure changes to the inner ear. However, the individual risk of this complication is not predictable as there is no radiological abnormality of the canal.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed2004

A case of giant sialolith of the submandibular salivary gland.

Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of the salivary glands. This report describes the case of a patient who had an unusually large submandibular gland sialolith that was completely encased in the glandular substance. The author describes the management of this patient and reviews the literature.

Humans↗

PubMed2004

Bacteriology in patients with chronic sinusitis who have been medically and surgically treated.

Chronic sinusitis is a disease that afflicts a significant percentage of the population and causes considerable long-term morbidity. The common use of multiple broad-spectrum oral antibiotics and endoscopic sinus surgery to treat this condition may alter the pathogenes that promote persistence of chronic sinusitis. Forty-eight culture-positive patients with chronic sinusitis who had been medically treated for at least 3 months and had undergone sinus surgery were bacteriologically evaluated. Swab specimens of the middle meatus and sphenoethmoid recess were aseptically obtained endoscopically and cultured for aerobes. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common isolates (45.8%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (16.7%), Enterobacteriaceae (16.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.4%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.4%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated organisms in our study, as in many other studies. Despite the significant predominance of these organisms, they have always been assumed to be contaminants, and their presence in culture has been discounted. Coagulase-negative S aureus may be a pathogen in the chronic sinusitis process, and sensitivities of this isolate should be obtained for evaluation and possible treatment of the disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cold dissection versus bipolar cauterizing tonsillectomy for bacteriemia.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to compare transient bacteriemia ratios between cold dissection tonsillectomy and bipolar cauterizing tonsillectomy, and also to analyze the bacteria detected with superficial/central tonsillar cultures. METHODS: A total of 86 patients that were grouped as 46 patients of cold dissection tonsillectomy and 40 patients of bipolar cauterizing tonsillectomy were included in this study. Preoperative surface swab cultures, intraoperative central swab cultures of tonsils, and preoperative and postoperative blood culture samples were obtained. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were determined. Fischer exact chi 2 test was performed to compare the results of postoperative bacteriemia of both techniques statistically. RESULTS: Postoperative bacteriemia was detected in 6 (13%) patients of cold dissection tonsillectomy group. In 5 (83.3%) of the 6 postoperative bacteriemia patients of cold dissection tonsillectomy group, isolated microorganism was confirmed both in the blood cultures and in the central swab cultures of tonsils, and resistance to penicillin was established. No patient of bipolar cauterizing tonsillectomy group appeared with postoperative bacteriemia. There was a statistically significant difference (P=.028) for postoperative bacteriemia between cold dissection tonsillectomy group and bipolar cauterizing tonsillectomy group. CONCLUSION: We recommend bipolar cauterizing tonsillectomy for high-risk patients.

Bacteremia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Preventive therapy for postoperative purulent otorrhea after ventilation tube insertion.

OBJECTIVE: Treatment modalities which are intraoperative irrigation of the middle ear with isotonic saline, postoperative oral antibiotic treatment, and postoperative topical antibiotic use have been compared with each other and with control group regarding their efficiency in preventing postoperative purulent otorrhea after ventilation tube insertion. Moreover, the costs of the treatment modalities were analyzed. STUDY DESIGN: Each group consisted of 70 patients, and a total of 280 patients were followed up for purulent otorrhea 2 weeks after the surgery. The study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial. RESULTS: Ten (14.28%) patients in the oral antibiotic group, 11 (15.71%) patients in the isotonic saline irrigation group, 6 (8.57%) patients in the topical antibiotic drops group, and 21 (30%) patients in the control group had postoperative purulent otorrhea. Statistical analysis determined a significant difference between each treatment modalities and control group but did not show any significant difference between the treatment groups. When the treatment options were compared according to their cost, however, the cost per successfully treated patient was significantly lower in the saline irrigation group. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative saline irrigation of the middle ear provides an effective, easy, and cheap treatment in preventing postoperative purulent otorrhea.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Early effect of exogenous Na hyaluronate on mucociliary clearance.

BACKGROUND: An animal study is performed to determine the early effect of 1% Na hyaluronate on mucociliary clearance function. METHODS: One percent of Na hyaluronate was introduced into the maxillary sinuses of rabbits by anterior antrostomy. A physiological solution of 1% NaCl was introduced into the maxillary sinuses of a control group to equalize the influence of Na for both groups. The treatment material was sprayed with an atomizer for coating the maxillary sinus lining. Technetium-99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetate dynamic scintigraphic imaging was performed to evaluate mucociliary clearance function on all rabbits 72 hours after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Although the mean rate of mucociliary clearance of the Na hyaluronate group was slightly worse than the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between them. CONCLUSION: There is no early effect of exogenous 1% Na hyaluronate on mucociliary clearance function.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nasal septal suture technique versus nasal packing after septoplasty.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare eustachian function and blood gas changes with nasal packing (NP) and nasal septal suturing (NSS) after septoplasty. METHODS: Eighty patients who have nasal septal deviation and who otherwise are healthy were studied. Forty of these patients had finger glove NPs in their nasal cavities for 48 hours after septoplasty. Another 40 patients had NSS performed after septoplasty. Acoustic tympanometry and pH, P(CO2), and P(O2) analyses of arterial blood were performed preoperatively and 48 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant increase in middle ear pressure (p < 0.001) and a significant reduction of P(O2) (p < 0.001) and increase of P(CO2) (p = 0.041) in the NP group but no difference in the NSS group, postoperatively. CONCLUSION: NSS should be preferred as an alternative to intranasal packing.

Carbon Dioxide↗