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Alvin Y Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Alvin Y Liu.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Loss of CD10 (neutral endopeptidase) is a frequent and early event in human prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that the aggressive LNCaP-derived androgen-independent cell line, CL1, might differ from LNCaP in their repertoire of cell surface markers and that these differences might typify changes that occur during clinical prostate cancer progression. METHODS: The cell surface marker expression profiles of CL1 and LNCaP were examined using flow cytometry. Markedly differential gene expression was confirmed using RT-PCR and further examined using immunohistochemistry among the prostate cancer cell lines LAPC-4, LNCaP, CL1, CL2, DU145, and PC-3. The expression of the most markedly differentially expressed surface marker, CD10, was further explored in a tissue microarray containing radical prostatectomy samples from 219 hormone naïve prostate cancer patients. RESULTS: There were marked differences in the expression of CD10, CD13, CD26, CD33, CD44, CD54, CD55, and CD104 between CL1 and LNCaP. Results from both the RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed the differential expression and found that CD10 demonstrated a pattern of expression in hormone sensitive but not hormone refractory cell lines. When CD10 expression was examined in a tissue microarray, CD10 expression was below the 25th percentile of matched normal prostate tissue in 68% of prostate cancers, below the median expression of matched normal prostate tissue in 86% of cancers, and completely absent in 34% of cancers. Samples of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia demonstrated CD10 expression that was intermediate between normal prostatic tissue and prostate cancer. Among prostate cancer patients, CD10 expression did not correlate with Gleason score, pathological stage, or biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that loss or decreased expression of CD10 is an early and frequent event in human prostate cancer and implicates CD10 as a potential therapeutic target for early stage hormone sensitive prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Human prostate epithelial cell-type cDNA libraries and prostate expression patterns.

BACKGROUND: Transcriptome analysis is a powerful approach to uncovering genes responsible for diseases such as prostate cancer. Ideally, one would like to compare the transcriptomes of a cancer cell and its normal counterpart for differences. METHODS: Prostate luminal and basal epithelial cell types were isolated and cell-type-specific cDNA libraries were constructed. Sequence analysis of cDNA clones generated 505 luminal cell genes and 560 basal cell genes. These sequences were deposited in a public database for expression analysis. RESULTS: From these sequences, 119 unique luminal expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were extracted and assembled into a luminal-cell transcriptome set, while 154 basal ESTs were extracted and assembled into a basal-cell set. Interlibrary comparison was performed to determine representation of these sequences in cDNA libraries constructed from prostate tumors, PIN, cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis showed that a significant number of epithelial cell genes were not represented in the various transcriptomes of prostate tissues, suggesting that they might be underrepresented in libraries generated from tissue containing multiple cell types. Although both luminal and basal cell types are epithelial, their transcriptomes are more divergent from each other than expected, underscoring their functional difference (secretory vs. nonsecretory). Tumor tissues show different expression of luminal and basal genes, with perhaps a trend towards expression of basal genes in advanced diseases.

DNA, Complementary↗
PubMed2002

Characterization of prostate cell types by CD cell surface molecules.

A set of monoclonal antibodies raised against lymphocyte cell surface molecules, the cluster designation (CD) antigens, was used to distinguish the constituent cell types of the prostate. The luminal secretory epithelial, basal epithelial, fibromuscular stromal, nerve sheath, and endothelial cells express distinctive complements of cell surface molecules that were identified by immunohistochemistry using 152 commercially available antibodies. Many of the CD antibodies stained lymphocyte populations in the prostate. These lymphocyte populations were grouped into abundance classes of rare, moderate, and high. Some of these molecules are expressed by multiple cell types, both parenchymal and lymphoid; others are expressed by only one cell type. Distinctive patterns of CD expression, which are most similar to the expression pattern of prostate luminal cells, also characterize a small series of Gleason score 6 prostate cancers. The cell-type specificity of CD molecules increases the prospect of isolating specific cell populations, using such techniques as laser capture microdissection and flow cytometry, for cell-specific molecular studies.

Adenocarcinoma↗