Biomedical subjects

Amando Peydró

Publications and source records attributed to Amando Peydró.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Structural and functional salivary disorders in type 2 diabetic patients.

UNLABELLED: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is the most common metabolic disorder and it causes an important morbimortality. The structural modifications in the parotid gland (sialosis) had already been described in these patients and could result in variations in the salivary composition, as well as an increase in periodontal and dental pathology. OBJECTIVES: To compare the biochemical findings in the saliva and to correlate these biochemical disturbances with the morphologic findings previously described. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical information were gathered about 33 patients, 17 had type 2 diabetes. Samples of whole saliva were obtained for biochemical analysis and serum samples to determine metabolic control. RESULTS: In the diabetics saliva we found urea and total proteins increased and reduced levels of microalbumina. Salivary glucose was only augmented in patients with poor metabolic control. Clinical symptoms of xerostomia were present in 76,4% and dental and periodontal disease in 100%. The parotid gland was characterised by the presence of small acini, lipid intracytoplasmic droplets, as well as adipose stroma infiltration. The acinar cytoqueratins expression was heterogeneous and very positive in the hyperplasic ducts. CONCLUSIONS: These biochemical disorders in the saliva of the type 2 diabetic patients would be related with the structural changes previously observed in parotid glands.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: a report of two cases.

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland (ACT) is a highly malignant tumor that is almost invariably associated with a fatal outcome. It demonstrates a variety of peculiar histological features, with squamoid, giant cell and spindle cell growth patterns. The spindle cell variant of ACT is usually indistinguishable from a true sarcoma and it can simulate fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), hemangiopericytoma and angiosarcoma or rhabdomyosarcoma. Although a rhabdomyosarcomatous appearance has sometimes been mentioned in the literature, true skeletal muscle differentiation has never been consistently proved. We report two cases of ACT with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation, as demonstrated by means of immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Both cases disclosed a very similar histological appearance, with a main population of small, pleomorphic, round-to-oval cells arranged in a storiform pattern, admixed with scattered pleomorphic giant cells, an image similar to that of the usual type of MFH. Stains for epithelial markers showed only few, scattered, weakly positive cells. Thyroglobulin and calcitonin were negative in tumor cells in both cases. On the contrary, positivity to vimentin was strong and generalized. Immunomarkers of muscular differentiation showed a consistent positivity. At the ultrastructural level, the cells disclosed the same spindle and pleomorphic morphology, with large, bizarre nuclei and cytoplasm with abundant mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretory granules and lipid droplets. There were also cells with wide cytoplasm filled with filamentous material, either of actin or myosin, as well as Z-band material. In conclusion, the cases reported here show a clear-cut rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation of ACT, confirmed both immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, a feature not previously reported in the literature. These findings may contribute to the broadening of the differentiation spectrum of this unusual neoplasm.

Carcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural patterns of primary ciliar dyskinesia syndrome.

Clinical presentation, ciliary ultrastructure, and nasal mucociliary transport by a radioisotopic technique were analyzed in 14 Kartagener syndrome patients. In this study the most common pattern was the absence of outer and inner dynein arms in 57% of cases. Also reported are 14% patients with short inner dynein arms. A total of 29% of the patients showed normal dynein arms. Mucociliary stasis was observed in 13 cases. Primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome and Kartagener syndrome are clinically homogeneous and morphologically heterogeneous. The authors conclude that a typical clinical presentation with an altered mucociliary transport obtained by radioisotopic technique is diagnostic although ciliary ultrastructure is normal.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Alcoholic parotid sialosis: a structural and ultrastructural study.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the histopathological differences between the initial and advanced stages of Alcoholic Sialosis, a pathology that generally involves parotid hypertrophy and structurally affects, to diverse degrees, the other salivary glands. STUDY DESIGN: An analysis and comparison was carried out of the structural and ultrastructural modifications of the parotid glands from the hepatic biopsies of chronic alcoholics with clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis and from autopsies on individuals who had died from alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis. Various samples of normal gland obtained from surgical material were used as a control. RESULTS: The alterations found in the biopsies corresponded to the modifications discovered in the autopsies of alcoholics. Notable in both cases was the massive accumulation of secretory granules of different size, shape and electrodensity, which occupied the cytoplasm of the acinar cells. In both sample types the excretory ducts were enlarged and the epithelium of the striate ducts presented cells with nuclei and cytoplasm of irregular appearance and arrangement. A moderate adipose infiltration in the stroma and slight periacinal edema was also observed. The biopsies revealed, both at optical and electron microscopical levels, lipid inclusions in the acinar cells and the glandular parenchymal ducts. CONCLUSIONS: The structural and ultrastructural findings of the parotid biopsies and autopsies, clearly show that alterations are already present in the salivary glands of chronic alcoholics before the terminal phase of hepatic cirrhosis. The enlargement of the ductal system lumens could be the principal cause of glandular hypertrophy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Structural differences between alcoholic and diabetic parotid sialosis.

UNLABELLED: Between the sialosis' etiologic agents, we can find the chronic alcoholism and diabetes. Both nosologic entities are described using a similar histopathologic pattern. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work has been analyzing and comparing the histopathological differences between the diabetic and alcoholic sialosis. STUDY DESIGN: We studied 7 parotid glands samples of diabetic patients and 4 samples of normal glands obtained from surgical material were used as a control. For the comparative study, we used 12 parotid glands from chronic alcoholic patients with clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis and 6 autopsies on individuals who had died from alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis. This material was fixed in formaline, processed for embedding in paraffin, standard coloration techniques and immunotechnique for cytokeratin EA/1 y EA/3. RESULTS: In the cases of diabetics, the parotid gland was characterised by the presence of small acini, a bigger number of lipid intracytoplasmic droplets in the acinar and ductal cells, as well as an abundant adipose infiltration in the stroma when compared to the alcoholics. We observed that the cytokeratins' expression was heterogeneous at the acinar level, and very positive in the hyperplasic ducts, compared to the alcoholic and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: These qualitative valorations indicate the differences between the histopathologic pattern of sialosis with different origins.

Alcoholism↗