PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Ana M Abrantes

Publications and source records attributed to Ana M Abrantes.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Yoga MAT: A factorial randomized study using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy to develop a multicomponent yoga intervention for people with chronic pain taking medications for opioid use disorder.

BACKGROUND: People taking medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) commonly experience chronic pain. Yoga interventions show promise for decreasing pain-related disability in other populations. More time spent in yoga practice may improve pain-related outcomes. METHODS: The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) provided the framework for developing an optimized yoga intervention package. In a 2x2x2x2 factorial experiment, we evaluated four candidate intervention components which, when added to a weekly yoga class, might increase yoga engagement. The primary outcome was minutes per week of yoga practice (classes and other yoga practice) over the 12-week intervention period. We sought to determine which combination of intervention components was associated with the most yoga practice for people with chronic pain taking buprenorphine or methadone as MOUD. RESULTS: We enrolled 192 adults. There was a significant main effect for Component "B" (having two private sessions with a yoga teachers; IRR = 1.10, 90%CI 1.02; 1.18), and a synergistic interaction between Components "B" and "D" (D was financial incentives for attending class; IRR = 1.11, 90%CI 1.02; 1.19). This combination of these two components (without other potential components) was associated with the second highest model-predicted mean minutes of yoga per week (157.1min; 90% CI = 120.1-194.0) which was only 4min less than the combination including all four components. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a combination of intervention components as the optimized intervention. A next step will be to test the effect of this optimized intervention on pain and substance use outcomes in a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Readiness to change smoking behavior in adolescents with psychiatric disorders.

There has been recent increased interest in utilizing motivational interviewing (MI) to increase adolescent readiness to quit smoking, but attempts to impact quit rates have thus far been discouraging. A better understanding of factors associated with adolescent readiness to quit smoking prior to receiving any intervention may provide guidance when tailoring future MI interventions in order to increase their effectiveness with this population. Adolescent smokers (N=191) who had been admitted to a psychiatric hospital and enrolled in a clinical trial evaluating MI completed questionnaires that assessed smoking behavior and variables thought to be related to smoking. Confidence to quit smoking and negative beliefs about smoking were significant predictors of adolescents' baseline readiness to quit smoking. The failure to demonstrate relationships between health consequences and readiness suggest that caution may be warranted in the use of feedback, a common component of MI-based interventions. Such feedback tends to focus on health consequences, which was unrelated to adolescent baseline readiness to change smoking behavior in the current study. Parallels between current results and the Theory of Planned Behavior are discussed in consideration of developing more effective MI-based interventions for adolescent smokers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Family and peer influences on tobacco use among adolescents with psychiatric disorders.

The purpose of this study was to examine family and peer influences on smoking behaviors among 239 (191 smokers; 48 nonsmokers) psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Participants were queried using scales to measure parental supervision and monitoring, parenting style, adolescent-parent communication, family conflict and relations with parents, and the importance placed on life goals. The results of this study are consistent with previous findings from general population studies. Psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents' smoking status were also correlated with their siblings', peers', and girlfriends'/boyfriends' smoking status. In addition, we found that parental monitoring, closeness to parents, and ambitious life goals were protective factors against smoking. As a result, peer and family influences strongly impact the initiation and maintenance of adolescent smoking and should be considered when designing smoking cessation interventions for adolescents with psychiatric disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Substance use disorder characteristics and externalizing problems among inpatient adolescent smokers.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or conduct disorder (CD) have been found to be associated with substance use disorders and cigarette smoking among adolescents. However, studies have often failed to explore these relationships among females from a dimensional perspective, taking into account comorbidity between ADHD and CD symptomatology, and examining ADHD symptom subtypes (i.e., inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity) separately as they relate to substance involvement and smoking characteristics. This study takes each of the above into consideration when examining the relationship between externalizing symptomatology and substance involvement characteristics in a sample of 191 (62.3% female, mean age = 15.4 years) inpatient adolescent smokers. The results of this study suggest that ADHD and CD symptoms may be related to different types of substance use characteristics. CD symptoms were associated with early onset of substance involvement and ADHD symptoms were related to alcohol and marijuana frequency. ADHD inattention symptoms, but not hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, were associated with marijuana and nicotine dependence. Lastly, significant interactions suggested that ADHD symptoms among boys and CD symptoms among girls were related to frequency of any type of substance use prior to inpatient hospitalization. The results of this study point to potentially important clinical implications such as tailoring prevention and intervention efforts according to type of externalizing symptomatology and gender.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Prevalence of co-occurring disorders among juveniles committed to detention centers.

The Practical Adolescent Diagnostic Interview (PADDI), a structured diagnostic interview designed to gather basic information about substance use disorders, mental health conditions, and related experiences, was used in routine evaluation of all adolescents committed to two juvenile detention centers. Anonymous data from 252 consecutively admitted adolescents were analyzed to assess the prevalence and severity of problem areas and to provide a preliminary exploration of interrelationships among those problems. Results demonstrated that a majority of adolescents manifested multiple problems. Whereas prevalence rates were high across gender, females displayed significantly greater mental health problems and maltreatment histories.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Indentifying co-occurring disorders in adolescent population.

A structured diagnostic interview (Practical Adolescent Diagnostic Interview) designed to gather basic information about substance use disorders, other mental health conditions, and related experiences was used in a variety of clinical settings. Anonymous data from 279 adolescents interviewed as part of routine clinical assessments in a variety of clinical programs were analyzed to assess the ability of the questions to identify potential problem areas and to provide a preliminary exploration of interrelationships between those problems. Results demonstrated that the vast majority of individuals manifested indications of multiple problems. For a given diagnostic condition, the trend is for those meeting at least the minimal DSM-IV criteria to exhibit substantially more than the minimum number of symptoms. Internal consistencies for item groups defining the various conditions range from more than .700 to over .900 indicating adequate to excellent internal consistency and reliability. Utility of the instrument for routine clinical use is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Course of alcohol problems in treated adolescents.

Knowledge of the clinical course in treated adolescents is fundamental to determining the influence of treatment on long-term functioning and the factors associated with change in the severity of alcohol problems over time. This symposium, held at the 2002 annual Research Society on Alcoholism meeting and organized by Tammy Chung and Christopher S. Martin, presented research on the course of alcohol-related problems in treated adolescents who were followed prospectively for 1 to 8 years. Presentations included (1) Alcohol use outcomes at 1 year among adolescents in the drug abuse treatment outcomes studies (DATOS-A), by Christine E. Grella; (2) Pathways and predictors of the course of adolescent alcohol problems across 1- and 3-year follow-ups, by Tammy Chung; (3) Young adult outcomes of an adolescent clinical sample at 5-year follow-up, by Ken C. Winters; and (4) Trajectories of alcohol involvement following addiction treatment through 8-year follow-up in adolescents, by Ana M. Abrantes, Denis M. McCarthy, Gregory A. Aarons, and Sandra A. Brown. Sandra A. Brown, discussant, commented on the presentations. Results from these studies indicate multiple pathways of change, distinguished by fluctuations in the chronicity and severity of alcohol problems. Across studies, most adolescents showed reductions in alcohol use and problems after treatment, with concurrent improvements in psychosocial functioning. Findings highlight the influence of other drug use on posttreatment patterns of alcohol involvement and the need to consider the effect of normative developmental transitions on the course of adolescent-onset substance use disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Attention dysfunction predicts substance involvement in community youths.

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairments influence alcohol and drug treatment outcomes, though little is known about how neurocognition affects the development of harmful substance use patterns. This study examined the influence of adolescent attention functioning on the development of substance use problems in 66 high-risk youths over an 8-year period. METHOD: Participants were community youths who were free from any history of substance use disorders, neurological illness, and mood, anxiety, or psychotic disorders at project intake and were administered neuropsychological tests and substance involvement interviews from ages 15 through 23 on average. Substance involvement was assessed by self-report, resource person reports, and randomly sampled toxicology screens. RESULTS: Attention/executive functioning scores obtained at the intake neuropsychological assessment significantly predicted substance use and dependence symptoms 8 years later, even after controlling for intake substance involvement, gender, education, conduct disorder, family history of substance use disorders, and learning disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that adolescents with limited attentional abilities, but not necessarily attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnoses, may be at risk for developing more problematic alcohol and drug involvement. Thus prevention and treatment efforts should target youths with attentional difficulties by using programs that are effective for those with compromised concentration and processing abilities.

Adolescent↗