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Anand Joshi

Publications and source records attributed to Anand Joshi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Phenotyping the level of blood pressure by telemetry in mice.

1. Using telemetry, arterial blood pressure (BP) can be measured directly over long periods in freely behaving animals without recent anaesthesia or surgery. In the present review, we discuss the strengths and limitations of this method and important considerations in using the method to characterize the BP level in mice. 2. A variety of informative statistics can be used to describe the BP level and we have made available a spreadsheet template for their calculation on a routine basis. The BP level is well summarized using the average value for an entire 24 h period or for the individual light and dark phases of the day. Such long-term averages exhibit less statistical variation than those of short recording periods. In addition, averages of the dark and light phases of the day convey information concerning circadian variations of BP. 3. The frequency distribution of BP samples provides additional information concerning the range of BP values recorded over the course of the day and can be described in terms of percentiles of the distribution that correspond with the minimum and maximum BP values and their span. 4. In mice, BP can be markedly affected by locomotor activity cycles that occur frequently throughout both the light and dark phases of the day. In addition, BP is strongly affected by ambient temperature and food intake, as well as potentially by other determinants of energy balance. Consideration of these factors may help improve accuracy and precision when phenotyping the BP level in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Co-existence of peri-ampullary carcinoma with peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenopathy.

CONTEXT: Pancreatic tuberculosis and peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenitis are rare, mimicking various pathologies of the pancreas. The coexistence of peri-ampullary malignancy with peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenitis has not been reported. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a young woman who had been operated on with a preoperative diagnosis of peri-ampullary adenocarcinoma in whom a frozen section of regional lymph nodes revealed tuberculosis. The final pathology confirmed the co-existence of tuberculosis with malignancy. The patient made an uneventful recovery. CONCLUSION: In countries with high endemicity for tuberculosis, the co-existence of malignancy and tuberculosis should be considered and resection, which is the only chance for cure, should not be abandoned due to observations based solely on frozen sections.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

A retrospective review of sirolimus (Rapamune) therapy in orthotopic liver transplant recipients diagnosed with chronic rejection.

Treatment options are limited for orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients suffering from chronic rejection (CR). We performed a retrospective review of OLT recipients diagnosed with CR and treated with sirolimus. The medical records of all OLT recipients treated with sirolimus between October, 1998 and October, 2000 were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnosis of CR was made by both clinical and histologic criteria: bile duct to hepatic artery ratio less than 0.7, histologic activity index, hepatic arterial wall thickening, and chronic elevation of liver chemistries. Two groups were defined in regard to sirolimus response: sirolimus responders (SR) and sirolimus nonresponders (SNR). Response to treatment was granted only when patients were found to have resolution of abnormal liver transaminases and an improvement in hepatic artery to bile duct ratio. Serum collections for liver chemistries were collected on days 1, 30, 60, and 90. Liver biopsies were reviewed in blinded fashion from day 1 and at least 180 days on therapy by double-blinded pathologists. Sirolimus-related complications were recorded and include drug toxicity, anemia with and without treatment, hospitalizations, infections, immunosuppression complications, lipid profile disorders, edema, muscle aches, and gastrointestinal complaints. Twenty-one patients were diagnosed with CR. The SR group included 13 of 21, and 8 of 21 were in the SNR group. Anemia was diagnosed in 12 of 21 patients: SR, 7 of 13; SNR, 5 of 8; with 5 patients requiring red blood cell transfusions (2 SR, 3 SNR). Recombinant erythropoietin was started in 5 of 21 patients. Sirolimus serum levels were found to be greater than 20 ng/dL in 12 patients. Sirolimus was discontinued in 9 patients,

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Juvenile polyposis of the colon: sonographic diagnosis.

Juvenile polyposis is an uncommon condition characterized by development of multiple juvenile polyps, predominantly in the colon but also in the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. The condition usually appears in childhood. The rarer and often fatal form, occurring in infancy, is typified by diarrhea, protein-losing enteropathy, bleeding, and rectal prolapse. The more common form of juvenile polyposis (affecting the colon, stomach, and small bowel) occurs in the first or second decade with rectal bleeding and anemia. We report a case of juvenile polyposis detected on sonography, which had been treated as severe anemia for 1 year.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Obstructing enterolith as presenting feature in Crohn's disease.

We report a 54-year-old woman with Crohn's disease presenting with intestinal obstruction due to an enterolith impacted at the site of a small bowel stricture. The diseased bowel was successfully resected by laparoscopy-assisted surgery.

Crohn Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autoimmune hepatitis: a study of 50 patients.

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a well-defined entity in the West but there are sparse Indian data on this disease. AIM: To study the clinical profile and response to treatment of Indian patients with AIH. METHODS: This is a part retrospective and part prospective study of 50 patients (median age 48 years, range 11-82; 43 women) seen between 1995 to 2001, diagnosed to have AIH as per the revised scoring system. Clinical and laboratory profile, response to treatment, and complications of treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: AIH accounted for 6% of all patients with liver disease seen during the period. The presenting symptoms were gastrointestinal in 43 and non-gastrointestinal in 7, with median symptom duration of 6 months (range 2 weeks to 40 years). Forty patients (80%) had chronic liver disease. Associated illnesses were present in 28 patients. Twenty-six patients were classified as definite and the rest as probable AIH. Forty-nine patients had Type 1 AIH. Five patients had overlap syndrome. Forty-five patients (90%) received immunosuppressive therapy. Twelve of 18 patients receiving only prednisolone and 21 of 27 patients receiving prednisolone and azathioprine combination responded. Thirteen (26%) patients had therapy-related complications (infectious 5, non infectious 8) with two treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION: Type 1 AIH was the predominant type of AIH. The majority of patients with AIH presented with chronic liver disease. There was good response to immunosuppressive therapy. Therapy-related complications occurred in one-fourth of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heparin therapy for mistaken cardiac diagnosis in Boerhaave's syndrome.

We describe two patients with Boerhaave's syndrome who presented with chest pain mimicking cardiac pain and received heparin therapy. One patient developed large intramural esophageal hematoma as a complication of heparin therapy. The other patient had no hematoma and his course was dominated by esophageal rupture. Both were managed conservatively.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thrombophilic conditions in non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of thrombophilic conditions in patients with acute and chronic portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and to compare it with those in patients suffering from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after lower limb arthroplasty and in healthy subjects. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with spontaneous PVT (20 chronic, 6 acute) with normal liver function and not receiving anticoagulants were evaluated for thrombophilic conditions. Levels of protein C, protein S and antithrombin were compared with those in 50 healthy controls. Factor V gene 'Leiden' mutation (FVL) and high homocysteine levels were looked for in patients with PVT and in 18 patients developing post-arthroplasty lower limb DVT despite anticoagulation. RESULTS: Of 26 patients with PVT, 19 had at least one thrombotic condition (acute PVT 5/6, chronic PVT 14/20) and 12 had more than one such condition; in comparison, of 18 patients with DVT, eight had one thrombophilic condition and one had two such conditions (p=0.03). Patients with PVT had significantly lower levels of protein C, protein S and antithrombin than healthy subjects and those with DVT. Six patients had Factor VIII levels above 150%; four had elevated homocysteine levels and three had detectable anti-cardiolipin antibodies. Three patients with PVT (acute 2, chronic 1) were heterozygous for FVL mutation. CONCLUSIONS: Underlying thrombophilic conditions are common in Indian patients with spontaneous PVT. In many patients, multiple thrombophilic conditions are present and these may play a role in the pathogenesis of PVT.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytomegalovirus involving gastric antrum in immunocompromised hosts: a report of 5 cases.

Cytomegalovirus infection, which is common in immunosuppressed patients, only rarely affects the stomach, especially the gastric antrum. We report five patients with cytomegalovirus infection of the stomach with antral involvement. Of these, four had undergone renal transplant and one had HIV infection. All patients presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms that did not respond to proton pump inhibitors and prokinetic drugs. In addition, all had systemic symptoms. Diagnosis was made at upper GI endoscopy and biopsy, and ganciclovir treatment led to improvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary malignant melanoma of right colon.

We report a 62-year-old lady who presented with abdominal lump and neurological deficit. Investigations showed ascending colon mass, subcutaneous nodule and right parietal lobe lesion. Histology and immunohistochemistry were suggestive of malignant melanoma. The search for primary site was negative.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Celiac crisis with hypokalemic paralysis in a young lady.

Celiac crisis presents as severe acute diarrhea with life-threatening metabolic derangement in a patient with celiac disease. We report a 30-year-old lady who was admitted with one-month history of worsening small bowel-type diarrhea. She developed acute quadriparesis due to refractory hypokalemia. Celiac disease was diagnosed on the basis of positive serology and histological features. She improved with aggressive correction of hypokalemia and gluten-free diet. Celiac crisis is a rare presentation of this heterogeneous disease in adulthood.

Adult↗