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Biomedical subjects

Andy Petroianu

Publications and source records attributed to Andy Petroianu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Allogeneic and autologous ovarian orthotopic transplantation without a vascular pedicle: morphological, endocrinologic and natural pregnancy assessment.

BACKGROUND: To assess the natural pregnancy of rabbits submitted to bilateral oophorectomy and orthotopic allogeneic or autologous intact and sliced ovarian transplantation without a vascular pedicle, and to determine the morpho-functional aspects of the transplanted ovaries. METHODS: Fifty-six female rabbits were studied. The ovaries were removed and orthotopically transplanted or replaced without vascular anastomoses: Group 1 (n = 8), only laparotomy and laparorrhaphy; Group 2A (n = 8), intact ovaries were transplanted on both sides; Group 2B (n = 8), both ovaries were sliced and orthotopically transplanted; Group 2C (n = 8), an intact ovary was transplanted on one side and a sliced ovary on the other side; Groups 3A-C, the ovaries were reimplanted according to the procedure and subgroups described for Group 2. Three months later, the animals were paired with males for copulation. Estradiol, progesterone, FSH and LH hormone levels were assessed. A histological study was carried out, and the number of pregnancies and litters were also determined. Chi-squared test compared the number of pregnancies and litters. One-way anova and the Tukey-Kramer tests compared the hormonal dosages. RESULTS: Pregnancies occurred in seven rabbits of Group 1, in 37.5% of rabbits in Groups 2A and 3A, in 50% of groups 2B, 3B and 3C, and in 62.5% of group 2C. Hormone levels and histology confirmed the vitality of all ovaries. CONCLUSIONS: Intact or sliced orthotopic allogeneic and autologous ovarian transplantation without a vascular pedicle is viable in rabbits, and preserves their hormonal and fertile functions.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2006

Morphologic, endocrinologic and natural pregnancy assessment of allogeneic ovarian orthotopic transplantation without a vascular pedicle in rabbits.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the natural pregnancy of rabbits subjected to bilateral oophorectomy and orthotopic allogeneic intact and sliced ovarian transplantation without a vascular pedicle, and to determine the morphofunctional aspects of the transplanted ovaries. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-two female rabbits were studied. The ovaries were removed and orthotopically transplanted without vascular anastomoses between the two breeds of rabbits. In Group 1 (n=8), only laparotomy and laparorrhaphy were performed, in Group 2A (n=8) intact ovaries were transplanted on both sides, in Group 2B (n=8) both ovaries were sliced and orthotopically transplanted, and in Group 2C (n=8) an intact ovary was transplanted on one side and a sliced ovary on the other side. Three months later, the animals were paired with males for copulation. Estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels were assessed. A histologic study was carried out and the numbers of pregnancies and litters were also determined. RESULTS: Pregnancies occurred in seven rabbits in Group 1, 37.5% of rabbits in Group 2A, 50% in Group 2B, and 62.5% in Group 2C. Hormone levels and histology confirmed the vitality and function of all ovaries. CONCLUSIONS: Intact or sliced orthotopic allogeneic ovarian transplantation without a vascular pedicle is viable in rabbits, and preserves their hormonal and fertile functions.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Quality of life and surgical complications of kidney donors in the late post-operative period in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Live donor kidney transplantation is a procedure conducted with proven efficacy and safety for its recipients, although the post-operative outcome of the donors has been subjected to little investigation. METHODS: This study assessed 100 donors (34 men and 66 women) for kidney transplants conducted at the Hospital of Clinics of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil in a post-operative period longer than 2 years. The quality of life evaluation was performed according to the SF-36 health survey. RESULTS: The quality of life of donors, especially female ones, was equal to or higher than the quality of life of the control group with respect to all the parameters of the short-form health survey. The main complaints were dissatisfaction with the medical service (31%) and with the aspect of the scar (24%). Six percent of the donors regretted the donation and the relationship of 13% of the donors with the recipient of the transplant deteriorated. The rates of overweight and obesity were larger than the Brazilian people averages. The frequency of arterial hypertension did not differ from the average of the Brazilian population, although half of these patients did not previously know their blood pressure levels. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life of kidney donors was not different than it was for the healthy individuals of the community, although there were variations among donor subgroups. There was dissatisfaction related to the medical service and over the surgical scar, in addition to prevalence of obesity and arterial hypertension above the expectancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of splenic surgeries on lipidogram of rats].

BACKGROUND: Although the occurrence of spleen alterations in the various forms of dyslipidemia, such as Gaucher's disease, has been well established, the relation between the spleen and lipid metabolism has not been properly studied. In order to contribute to the filling of this gap, in the present investigation we assessed experimentally the lipidogram of rats in the presence of the spleen, in asplenia, and after conservative spleen surgeries. METHODS: Forty female Wistar rats of similar weight and age were divided into 4 groups submitted to the following procedures: Group 1--control, with an intact spleen; Group 2--total splenectomy; Group 3--subtotal splenectomy, and Group 4--total splenectomy complemented with autogenous spleen tissue implants. Four months after the interventions, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions (VLDL, LDL, HDL) were determined. The results for the four groups were compared by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer test, with the level of significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups 1, 3 and 4. In the animals submitted to total splenectomy, total cholesterol (p = 0.0093) and LDL fraction concentrations (p < 0.0001) were higher, whereas HDL fraction concentrations were lower (p = 0.05) than those detected in the other groups. There was no difference in triglycerides (p = 0.1882) or VLDL (p = 0.2030) between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The spleen probably plays an important role in the lipid metabolism of female rats and total splenectomy may be related to changes in cholesterol control. It is possible that preservation of spleen tissue prevents such metabolic disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Laparoscopic splenic autotransplantation.

Since 1990, we have performed splenic autotransplantation in more than 100 patients to treat splenic trauma, portal hypertension, myeloid metaplasia due to myelofibrosis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and Gaucher disease. The aim of this present study was to present splenic autotransplantation performed by laparoscopic means. A 33-year-old woman with severe splenic pain due to ischemia caused by multiple focal thromboses of splenic arterial branches was successfully treated by laparoscopic splenectomy and splenic tissue autotransplantation. The spleen was removed and cut in 20 fragments that were sutured to the greater omentum. This procedure was safely conducted with minor bleeding and no technical difficulties or complications. The postoperative follow-up of 12 months has been uneventful; the patient's pain disappeared on the first postoperative day. Hematologic, immunologic, tomographic, and scintigraphic examinations confirmed the functions of the splenic autotransplants. It is feasible and safe to perform splenic autotransplants by laparoscopic means.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Late postoperative follow-up of patients undergoing subtotal splenectomy.

PURPOSE: Over the past 21 years, we have performed more than 200 subtotal splenectomies, in which the upper splenic pole vascularized only by the gastrosplenic pole vascularized only by the gastrosplenic vessels is preserved, to treat different pathologic conditions. A meticulous follow-up of the postoperative results of this procedure is of fundamental importance. METHODS: All patients undergoing subtotal splenectomy were invited to be reviewed. A total of 86 patients who had undergone surgery 1 to 20 years ago were gathered; the surgical procedure was performed for one of the following conditions: portal hypertension due to schistosomiasis (n = 43), trauma (n = 31), Gaucher's disease (n = 4), myeloid hepatosplenomegaly due to myelofibrosis (n = 3), splenomegalic retarded growth and sexual development (n = 2), severe pain due to splenic ischemia (n = 2) and pancreatic cystadenoma (n = 1). Patients underwent a hematologic exam, an immunologic assessment, abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, scintigraphy and endoscopy. RESULTS: Increased white blood cell count and platelets were the only hematological abnormalities. No immunologic deficit was found. Esophageal varices were still present in patients who underwent surgery because of portal hypertension although without rebleeding. The ultrasound, tomography and scintigraphy exams confirmed the presence of functional splenic remnants without significant size alteration. CONCLUSIONS: Subtotal splenectomy seems to be a safe procedure that can be useful in treating conditions involving the spleen. The functions of the splenic remnants are preserved during long periods of time.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed2005

Fecal loading in the cecum as a new radiological sign of acute appendicitis.

AIM: Although the radiological features of acute appendicitis have been well documented, the value of plain radiography has not been fully appreciated. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the association of acute appendicitis with images of fecal loading in the cecum. METHODS: Plain abdominal radiographs of 400 patients operated upon for acute appendicitis (n = 100), acute cholecystitis (n = 100), right acute pelvic inflammatory disease (n = 100) and right nephrolithiasis (n = 100) were assessed. The presence of fecal loading was recorded and the sensitivity and specificity of this sign for acute appendicitis were calculated. RESULTS: The presence of fecal loading in the cecum occurred in 97 patients with acute appendicitis, 13 patients with acute cholecystitis, 12 patients with acute inflammatory pelvic disease and 19 patients with nephrolithiasis. The sensitivity of this sign for appendicitis was 97% and its specificity to this disease was 85.3%. Its positive predictive value for appendicitis was 68.7%; however, its negative predictive value for appendicitis was 98.8%. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the presence of radiological images of fecal loading in the cecum may be a useful sign of acute appendicitis, and the absence of this sign probably excludes this disease. This is the first description of fecal loading as a radiological sign for acute appendicitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

[Association of allergy, infertility and abortion].

BACKGROUND: To verify the relation between allergy and abortion or infertility. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out by interviewing 250 women between 40 and 60 years of age, divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 162): allergic women and Group 2 (n = 148): women with no record of allergy. Patients were randomly assessed at the Gynecology and Obstetric day care units of the "Hospital das Clínicas-UFMG". Women in both groups were identified according to their age and skin color. Previous abortion episodes and difficulty to become pregnant were recorded. Doubts related to these replies excluded the woman from this study. Results were compared using the chi-square test. Differences were considered significant for values corresponding to p < 0.05. RESULTS: A higher incidence of difficulty to become pregnant was observed among the allergic patients in comparison to those non-allergic. In both groups, abortion and infertility were more frequent in Mulatto, followed by Caucasians and Black women. In 44.4% of the patients of group 1 the allergic manifestations worsened. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of allergy seems to be related to a higher rate of infertility.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2005

[Inhibition of abdominal abscess formation in rat: mortality by sepsis].

BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal abscesses and adhesions play important roles on isolation of a septic process and on organism protection against bacteremia. On the other hand, such phenomenon difficults the afflux of immune factors and antibiotics to the septic site. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of abscess inhibition on survival of abdominal sepsis. METHODS: Thirty adult Wistar rats were submitted to intraperitoneal injection of 50% rat feces solution. The animals were divided into three groups (n = 10). Group 1: control - feces solution; group 2: feces solution plus 0.9% saline solution; and group 3: feces solution plus 1% carboxymethylcellulose to inhibit abdominal adhesions. The three groups were divided into two subgroups (n = 5). Subgroup A: relaparorotomy after 4 days and investigation of the abdominal cavity; and subgroup B: follow-up during 30 days to evaluate the mortality and its cause. The Fisher test was utilized for statistical analyses. RESULTS: The injection of 0.9% saline solution did not increase the mortality of the rats. However, the mortality enhanced in the group that received carboxymethylcellulose comparing with control group. That group developed less adhesions and abscesses. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the reduction of abscess formation and of intraperitoneal adhesions increases the mortality due to abdominal septic disease.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed2005

The influence of venous drainage on autologous ovarian transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Despite many investigations of ovarian transplantation, it is still difficult to define the best site for ovarian implantation, considering its endocrine function. We sought to evaluate the influence of venous drainage on ovarian physiomorphological aspects and to assess ovary transplantation by intact and sliced techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and eight cycling female Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 18): G1 (control, sham operation), G2 (bilateral oophorectomy), G3 (transplantation of intact ovarium on the greater omentum), G4 (transplantation of sliced ovarium on the greater omentum), G5 (transplantation of intact ovarium in the retroperitoneum), G6 (transplantation of sliced ovarium in the retroperitoneum). The blood drainage of groups G3 and G4 was to the portal vein and that of groups G5 and G6 was to the cava. The estrus cycle was investigated in the 3rd and 6th months. Serum estradiol concentration was also assessed in all groups in the 3rd and 6th months. Histological studies of the transplanted ovaria were carried out at that time. RESULTS: G1 animals preserved the cycling sequence. G2 rats persisted in diestrus. Nine G3 rats showed estrus cycles. Fourteen G4 rats had normal cycles and 1 rat persisted in estrus. Seven G5 rats showed estrus vaginal smears. Nine G6 animals had estrus vaginal smear patterns and 3 showed incomplete cycles in the 3rd month and complete in the 6th month. The histology of all ovaria confirmed the preservation of their vitality. The ovaries of G5 and G6 animals had more cysts and fewer corpora lutea. The sliced ovaries implanted on the omentum presented higher estradiol concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The ovaria that drained to the portal vein presented a better physiomorphological aspect than those that drained to the cava. The sliced ovaria were more efficient than the intact ones.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Splenic autotransplantation for treatment of portal hypertension.

BACKGROUND: When total splenectomy is unavoidable it is important to preserve splenic function in some form in order to prevent the complications of asplenism. Splenic autotransplantation is a good alternative in such cases. We describe the use of splenic autotransplantation for the treatment of portal hypertension. METHODS: We carried out total splenectomy on 31 patients (21 men, 10 women), ranging in age from 21 to 68 years, with schistosomal portal hypertension. From each removed spleen, we took 20 fragments and implanted them on the greater omentum. This procedure was combined with abdominal portal-variceal disconnection. Transgastric running suture of the lower esophageal and gastric varices completed the treatment of portal hypertension. All patients underwent clinical, hematologic, immunologic and scintigraphic assessment. The results with respect to morbidity and mortality, and hematologic and immunologic findings were compared with those in 36 patients submitted to other splenic procedures. RESULTS: There was no complication related to the splenic implants and none of the patients died. Hematologic and immunologic findings were normal. Scintigraphy registered images of splenic tissue in all cases. CONCLUSION: The implantation of splenic fragments on the greater omentum seems to be a safe and useful procedure for maintaining splenic function after total splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide microinjected into the nucleus tractus solitarius on jejunal electrolytes absorption in rats.

It has been shown that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) injected into the nucleus tractus solitarius inhibits alanine absorption across the jejunum. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of VIP injection into the nucleus tractus solitarius on jejunal absorption of electrolytes in the rat. Fifty-three Wistar rats were submitted to midline laparotomy to expose and isolate 20 cm of jejunal loop and to perform a subdiaphragmatic troncular vagotomy. Saline or VIP (10 pg 100 nl(-1)) was injected into the rostral nucleus tractus solitarius using a stereotaxic instrument. Tyrode solution, pH 8, containing twice glucose, sodium and potassium concentration was infused (0.5 ml min(-1)) into the jejunal loop. Samples were taken at 10-min intervals during the 40-min-experiment. Injection of VIP into the nucleus tractus solitarius increased jejunal potassium absorption. Moreover, VIP associated with vagotomy resulted in inhibition of jejunal potassium absorption by VIP alone at 40 min after perfusion (5.99 +/- 0.74 vs. 9.83 +/- 0.57 microM). There was no change in jejunal sodium absorption in any of the experimental groups. VIP had a modulatory action on jejunal potassium absorption when injected into the nucleus tractus solitarius.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Comparative incidence of acute appendicitis in a mixed population, related to skin color].

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is a very common surgical emergency, but its etiology and pathology remain incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate epidemiological aspects of acute appendicitis related to skin color, gender and age. METHODS: Five-hundred patients operated on for acute appendicitis, and other 500 patients treated for different diseases and considered as a control group were studied at "Hospital das Clinicas", Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Gender, age and skin color were investigated. The results were compared by chi-square test. RESULTS: There was no prevalence related to gender. A significant prevalence of white patients (73.8%) was verified in this series. The number of white men with appendicitis was significantly higher than white men in the control group. The incidence of black patients with appendicitis was significantly lower than black patients of the control group. The mean age was 23.2 years old for the white patients with appendicitis and 32.3 years old for the black patients. CONCLUSIONS: The present paper shows an evident relation between appendicitis and white skin color.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

The effect of the presence of muscle tissue in a bone healing site.

PURPOSE: The recovery of a bone fracture is a process that is not yet fully understood. The literature conflicts on the results obtained by the interposition of foreign tissue inside a damaged bone. The objective of the present study was to ascertain the effect of placing muscle tissue between the stumps of a fractured bone. METHOD: The study was carried out on 10 rabbits divided into 2 groups (n = 5): Group 1--partial fracture of the humerus and interposition of muscle tissue; Group 2--complete fracture of the humerus and interposition of muscle tissue. The fractured limb of all animals was immobilized for 8 weeks. At the end of this time, the rabbits were killed and their operated humeri were carefully removed for roentgenological and histological assessment. RESULTS: All humeri of Group 1 recovered their integrity and normal aspect. However, the healing of the humeri of Group 2 was not perfect. Gross angulation of the bone diaphysis occurred in all animals, and immature trabecular bone, osteochondral tissue, and persistence of muscle tissue substituted normal bone. CONCLUSIONS: Interposed muscle does not affect partial bone fracture healing but causes instability in a complete fracture.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Influence of oophorectomy on weight variance in young and adult female rats].

To assess the effects of oophorectomy on body weight, 60 adult female rats were divided into two groups (30 in each group): Group A -- young rats; Group B -- adult rats. The animals of each group were divided into three subgroups: Subgroup 1 (n= 6) -- control; Subgroup 2 (n= 6) -- laparotomy; Subgroup 3 (n= 18) -- bilateral oophorectomy. The weight of the animals was weekly assessed during 13 weeks and the results were compared by Student t test, with significance for p<0.05. The oophorectomized rats presented higher weight gain than those of the other groups. The difference was significant after eleven weeks, in Group A, and nine weeks, in Group B, until the end of the experiment. In the present work, bilateral oophorectomy in rats was related to higher body weight, independent on the age of the animals.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2003

[Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection].

BACKGROUND: Splenectomy performed at any age and for any reason increases the risk for death due to overwhelming infection. AIM: To evaluate definition, etiology, incidence, risk factors and prophylaxis of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection, as well as the methods related to splenic tissue preservation when total splenectomy is necessary. METHOD: Bibliographic review. RESULTS: The etiological agents more frequently found are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza and type B, and Neisseria meningitidis. Other bacteria like Escherichia coli, Streptococcus b-hemolytic, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp represent a significant risk as well. In addition, a great variety of agents including other enteric Gram-negative microorganisms and non-bacteria pathogens can also be sporadically identified. The prophylaxis is based on three main aspects: patient's education, immune prophylaxis and chemical prophylaxis. However these are not enough to prevent the higher risk of developing sepsis. When total splenectomy is unavoidable, heterotopic splenic autotransplantation seems to be the only alternative for splenic tissue preservation. According to clinical and experimental studies, the splenic autotransplanted tissue present a similar structure to a normal spleen and preserve the splenic immune function. CONCLUSIONS: The high risk of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection, reduced the indication for total splenectomy, in trauma and several diseases. Prophylactic methods have been developed to minimize the effects of the sepsis. Several researches have been done to determine the immunocompetence of autogenous splenic grafts in response to bacteria invasion.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2003

Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide microinjected into the nucleus tractus solitarius on jejunal glucose absorption in rats.

It has been shown that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) injected into the nucleus tractus solitarius and into the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus inhibits alanine absorption across the jejunum. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of VIP injection into the nucleus tractus solitarius on jejunal absorption of glucose in the rat. Forty Wistar rats were submitted to midline laparotomy to expose and isolate 20 cm of jejunal loop and to perform a subdiaphragmatic troncular vagotomy. Saline or VIP (10 pg 100 nl(-1)) was injected into the rostral nucleus tractus solitarius using a stereotaxic instrument. Tyrode solution, pH 8, containing twice glucose, sodium, and potassium concentrations was infused (0.5 ml min(-1)) into the jejunal loop. Samples were taken at 10-min intervals during the 40-min experiment. Injection of VIP into the nucleus tractus solitarius associated with vagotomy resulted in inhibition of jejunal glucose absorption by VIP alone at 10 and 40 min after perfusion (2.75+/-0.19 vs. 3.53+/-0.29 mg). The vagal outflow tract maintained jejunal glucose absorption even when VIP was microinjected into the nucleus tractus solitarius.

Animals↗