Biomedical subjects

Angel Nogales Espert

Publications and source records attributed to Angel Nogales Espert.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Infant feeding and future of manking. Human milk. Human milk banking].

Infant feeding and future of mankind. Human milk. Human milk banking. Human milk is the specific food for infants, it is essencial for suitable growth and development and it spreads its influence until adult life and later. The advantages of breastfeeding for infants and mothers are unquestionable. In the seventies WHO registered a significant decrease of breast feeding that was recovering from the eighties in our country. Nowadays, the maternal intention of breastfeeding is high, but the total duration of the breast feeding is too short. To promote breastfeeding is urgent, specially its duration along infancy. When an infant can't be fed with milk of his own mother, pasteurised milk of selected donor mothers is the best option specially for high risk or ill infants. This milk is got, managed and distributed by human milk banks. We have not human milk banks in Spain, even though we had them in the recent past. Hence it is very important to stablish human milk banking in our country for giving human milk to prematures and ill neonates and infants.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[A view to the future of vaccines].

Important advances have been made in the synthesis and effectiveness of vaccines. Among them are new vaccines made with recombinant DNA technology, live vectors as vehicles of antigens, naked DNA vaccines of epitopes and codificaying epitopes nucleotides. Reverse vaccinology has resulted very useful for identifying antigens. New uses, ways and methods for delivering vaccines open a promising panorama of the vaccinology.

AIDS Vaccines↗

PubMed2004

[Rare diseases: a new chapter in medicine].

Rare Diseases (RD) form a new chapter of Medicine which consists of more than 5.000 different diseases. RD have low prevalence (less than 5/10.000), chronic and severe evolution and usually produce serious alteration of quality of life and relationships with physical and social environment. The scarce number of patients with each RD produces very limited interest in research, specially in theraphy. "Orphan drugs" are useful drugs for treating some RD, and in spite of this they are not made because the low number of patients. The particular problem of one RD can be considered not important but as a whole it has great importance, having in mind its consequences over the patient, family and society. It is thought that there are about 20.000 patients in Spain and between 20 and 30 millions in the EU. Care of RD must be multidisciplinary (general practitioners, pediatricians, experts in RD, sociologists and social workers) with a permanent linkage between primary and specialised medicine. An appropriate training of professionals that work with these diseases is needed, as well as to increase and improve the research about RD and to give support to the patients and their families. Global Associations of patients with RD (FEDER in Spain, EURORDIS in EU and NORD in USA) as well as particular associations of some RD (more than 60 in Spain) have developed a very important task to improve health care and social attention about RD and must receive government and social support.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the morbidity and mortality in Spanish human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.

BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) slows the progression of HIV disease and lowers mortality and morbidity in adults. The impact on the disease course in children has not been still completely elucidated. Furthermore the effect of HAART on organ-specific complications of HIV is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of HAART on the progression of HIV infection, mortality, organ-specific complications, number of infections and hospitalizations in HIV-1-infected children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Records of HIV-1-infected children were reviewed in a large referral pediatric hospital. Patients were divided into three groups: children who did not receive antiretroviral therapy (Group 1); children who received mono- or bitherapy (Group 2); and patients who received HAART (Group 3). Endpoints analyzed were progression to AIDS and mortality among AIDS patients and overall. RESULTS: One hundred seven children have been evaluated. Actuarial survival at 5 years of age was 33% in Groups 1 and 2 compared with 100% in Group 3 (P < 0.01). At 5 years of age, the proportion of children progressing to AIDS was 76% in Groups 1 and 2, compared with 26% in Group 3 (P < 0.01). At 5 years of follow-up, there were 45 cases of organ-specific complications in patients without HAART. No children without organ-specific complications when HAART was started have developed them after 5 years (P < 0.01). In patients without HAART there were 9 cases of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, and there was none in Group 3 (P < 0.01). The incidence rates of infections and hospitalizations were 2.83 and 0.52 per patient-year, respectively, in children who did not receive HAART and 0.75 and 0.17 when they were managed with HAART (relative risk, 0.26 and 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: HAART is associated with a marked decline in the progression to AIDS, improved survival in HIV-1-infected children, reduced incidence of infections and hospitalizations and decreased incidence of some organ-specific complications of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2002

[Errors in medical practice].

The frequency of the error in Medicine is not well known but in any case it must be quite high. They are several types of errors: related to planning or performance, active or latent, and in relation to diagnosis, treatment or prevention. The consequences of the errors are potentially serious for both the patient and the doctor. The human factor exists in most of the errors, but this does mean the doctor is guilty. Lot of circumstances leads to the error which could not be avoidable: ambience and organization of the work, type of institution and task, and features of the patients. It is very important to lessen the numbers of errors in Medicine through registers of errors and research based on the system (not centered in the persons) in order to apply corrective measures to the system.

Diagnostic Errors↗