Biomedical subjects

Anil B Pinto

Publications and source records attributed to Anil B Pinto.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Selective ovarian vein sampling to localize a Leydig cell tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient with recent onset of rapidly progressive virilization who was diagnosed with an androgen-secreting tumor of the left ovary, localized by selective ovarian vein catheterization and hormonal sampling (SOVHS). DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary community-based medical center. PATIENT(S): A 32-year-old woman presenting with progressive virilization over a period of 4 months was found to have a Leydig cell tumor of the left ovary. INTERVENTION(S): Transvaginal ultrasound of the pelvis, followed by contrast-enhanced computerized tomography of the abdomen and the pelvis. Selective ovarian vein sampling was performed to localize the tumor. Laparoscopic left salpingo-oophorectomy and washings were also performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Initial serum total T levels were 1,505 ng/dL, and the free serum T levels were 234 ng/dL. After SOVHS, the total serum T levels in the left ovarian vein is reported to be 20,967 ng/dL, and in the right ovarian vein, they were reported to be 1,351 ng/dL. Three months after laparoscopic left oophorectomy, the serum total T levels were 11 ng/dL. Institutional review board approval was obtained. RESULT(S): Patient's ovarian tumor removed laparoscopically was reported to be a Leydig cell tumor. Rapid decreases in free and total T followed tumor removal. CONCLUSION(S): Selective ovarian vein catheterization and hormonal sampling is an effective diagnostic modality that can help localize small ovarian tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in girls and women.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the outcome of adolescents with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) on cytology. METHODS: A review of ASC-US cytology in girls and women aged 10-19 years between 1995 and 1999 was performed. The cytologic and histologic follow-up of each patient was evaluated. The outcome was recorded as the most significant (highest grade) subsequent cervical smear or biopsy. RESULTS: Overall, 535 of 7897 (6.8%) cervical cytologic specimens were reported as ASC-US. The study group consisted of 398 patients for whom pathologic follow-up was available. The mean duration of follow-up was 19 months. Follow-up consisted of repeat cytology in 251 (63%) patients and colposcopy with cervical biopsies and/or endocervical curettage in 147 (37%) of the adolescents. Two hundred fifty-three (64%) adolescents had no pathologic abnormalities on follow-up. Persistent ASC-US was identified in 65 (16%), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 was found in 44 (11%) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions/CIN 2 or 3 occurred in 36 (9%) of the adolescents. No cases of invasive carcinoma were found. CONCLUSIONS: Among adolescents with ASC-US, the rate of squamous intraepithelial lesions/CIN is similar to that of adults. Although the optimal management of ASC-US in adolescents is unknown, these patients warrant close follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Effects of trimonthly progestin administration on the endometrium in elderly postmenopausal women who receive hormone replacement therapy: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of trimonthly progestin administration on the endometrium in elderly postmenopausal women who receive hormone replacement therapy. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study at a university teaching program. Twenty-five postmenopausal women who were >or=75 years old with an intact uterus were assigned randomly to receive conjugated equine estrogens (0.625 mg/d plus medroxyprogesterone acetate 5 mg/d for 13 days every 3 months (n = 13) or placebo (n = 12) for 9 months). At the end of the 9 months, patients in the hormone replacement therapy arm continued therapy for an additional 9 months. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student t test, the chi(2) test, and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Transvaginal sonography was performed at baseline and at 9 and 18 months. Endometrial biopsy was performed if the endometrial thickness was >4 mm or as clinically indicated at 18 months. Patients in the hormone replacement therapy group demonstrated a significant increase in endometrial thickness between baseline (3.9 + 0.8 mm) and 9 months (8.0 + 4.8 mm). There were no cases of endometrial hyperplasia at the 18-month endometrial biopsy. CONCLUSION: Trimonthly progestin administration in elderly postmenopausal women who receive hormone replacement therapy may be a reasonable alternative to the monthly administration of progestin in hormone replacement therapy.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Glucose transporter 8 expression and translocation are critical for murine blastocyst survival.

Glucose transporter (GLUT) 8 is an insulin-responsive facilitative glucose transporter expressed predominantly in the murine blastocyst. To determine the physiologic role of GLUT8, two-cell embryos were cultured to a blastocyst stage in antisense or sense oligonucleotides to GLUT8. Apoptosis was assessed using the TUNEL techniques and recorded as the percentage of TUNEL-positive nuclei/total nuclei. Embryos cultured in GLUT8 antisense experienced increased TUNEL-positive nuclei, whereas sense embryos did not. Embryos cultured in a control AS oligonucleotide, specific for heat shock protein 70-2, showed a rate of apoptosis similar to sense. To determine the outcome of these apoptotic embryos, blastocysts exposed to sense vs. antisense were transferred back into foster mice and the pregnancy continued until Day 14.5, at which time the uteri were examined for normal gestational sacs and resorptions. Embryos exposed to GLUT8 antisense experienced higher rates of resorptions and lower normal pregnancy rates compared to embryos cultured in GLUT8 sense. To examine the insulin growth factor (IGF)-1/insulin intracellular signaling pathways involved in GLUT8 translocation, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression was decreased in the blastocysts with antisense oligonucleotides. Using confocal immunofluorescent microscopy, GLUT8 translocation in response to insulin was observed. Exposure to insulin in the embryos exposed to IGF-1R sense induced translocation of GLUT8 from intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane. Blastocysts exposed to IGF-1R antisense, however, failed to demonstrate any change in the intracellular location of GLUT8 with insulin treatment. The IGF-1R antisense embryos also displayed significantly greater TUNEL staining compared to sense embryos. These data suggest that GLUT8 expression and translocation in response to insulin are critical for blastocyst survival.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intranasal hormone replacement therapy.

Although the optimal route of delivery for hormone replacement therapy has not yet been determined, desirable qualities would include good efficacy, easy administration, minimal side effects, and optimal therapeutic profile. This would potentially serve to improve patient compliance and satisfaction. The intranasal route has been evaluated for the administration of menopausal hormones and seems to fulfill these requirements. The intranasal route would also seem to be a viable alternative for drugs that are poorly absorbed after ingestion by avoiding hepatic first-pass elimination. The intranasal route is, therefore, innovative for the delivery of natural sex steroids in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy. Early studies demonstrate that it is safe, effective, and acceptable to postmenopausal women. In addition, the nasal administration of a combination of estradiol and progesterone would seem to be an attractive way to deliver hormones to nonhysterectomized postmenopausal women. Providing alternative routes of administration may also enhance compliance.

Administration, Intranasal↗