Biomedical subjects

Anita Sabichi

Publications and source records attributed to Anita Sabichi.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Characterization of a panel of cell lines derived from urothelial neoplasms: genetic alterations, growth in vivo and the relationship of adenoviral mediated gene transfer to coxsackie adenovirus receptor expression.

PURPOSE: Cell lines have become an essential component for the investigation of cancer. We have developed a panel of cell lines derived from human urothelial cancers and we describe some of their important characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten human urothelial cancer cell lines were characterized by their growth in athymic nude mice, CAR expression and their susceptibility to adenoviral mediated transfer of the green fluorescence protein gene. TP53 mutation status and immunochemical analysis of p53, pRB and p16 were also examined. RESULTS: Five cell lines rapidly produced tumors in athymic nude mice. Two cell lines produced tumors in 1 month, 1 produced them in 3 months and 2 were nontumorigenic. The cell lines varied in CAR expression and in their susceptibility to adenoviral mediated gene transduction. There was no direct correlation between CAR expression and susceptibility to adenoviral mediated gene transduction. Seven cell lines had TP53 mutations, of which 2 had large deletions and did not express p53 protein by immunostaining. All cell lines expressed abnormal pRB by immunochemical analysis (3 had no staining and 7 had homogenously strong staining) and 8 did not express p16 (7 showed homogeneously strong pRB staining). CONCLUSIONS: Our panel of 10 human urothelial cell lines differed in genetic alterations, growth in nude mice, susceptibility to adenoviral mediated gene transduction, and expression of p53, p16 and pRB. The availability of various urothelial cancer cell lines with differing genotypic and phenotypic features will facilitate further research into bladder cancer.

Adenoviridae↗

PubMed2006

Comparative outcomes of bladder cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the survival of women and men with transitional cell bladder cancer. METHODS: We used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database to identify patients aged 35 years or older diagnosed with bladder cancer between 1991 and 2001 actively followed up. We excluded cases diagnosed by autopsy or death certificates and those of unknown race. We used Cox proportional hazard regression to analyze survival in patients with advanced disease. RESULTS: Of the 31,009 patients meeting eligibility criteria, 26.7% were women. Median age at diagnosis for women and men was 72 and 70 years, respectively. Regional disease was diagnosed in 20.3% of white women and 35.5% of African-American women, compared with only 17.6% of white men and 25.9% of African-American men (P < .001). Increased age, African-American race, and being female significantly increased the hazard of death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.037, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1,034-1.041; HR 1.402, 95% CI 1.187-1.656; and HR 1.842, 95% CI 1.158-2.931). CONCLUSION: Women with bladder cancer, particularly African-Americans, have shorter survival. This is partially explained by higher risk of diagnosis with poorly differentiated tumors, advanced stage, and advanced age. Women should be targeted for timely diagnosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Identification of cJun-responsive genes in Rat-1a cells using multiple techniques: increased expression of stathmin is necessary for cJun-mediated anchorage-independent growth.

cJun is a major component of the transcription factor AP-1 and mediates a diverse set of biologic properties including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. To identify cJun-responsive genes, we inducibly expressed cJun in Rat-1a cells and observed two distinct phenotypes: changes in cellular morphology with adherent growth and anchorage-independent growth. The biologic effects of cJun were entirely reversible demonstrating that they require the continued presence of cJun. To determine the genes, which mediate the biologic effects of cJun, we employed multiple methods including differential gene analysis, suppression subtractive hybridization, and cDNA microarrays. We identified 38 cJun-responsive genes including three uncharacterized genes under adherent and/or nonadherent conditions. Half of the known 36 genes were cytoskeleton- and adhesion-related genes, suggesting a major role of cJun in the regulation of the genes related to cell morphology. As proof of the principle that this approach could identify genes whose upregulation was necessary for nonadherent growth, we investigated one gene, stathmin whose upregulation by cJun was observed only under these conditions. Although overexpression of stathmin did not result in nonadherent growth, inhibition of stathmin protein expression by antisense oligonucleotides in cJun-induced Rat-1a cells prevented nonadherent growth. These results suggest that stathmin plays an essential role in anchorage-independent growth by cJun and may be a potential target for specific inhibitors for AP-1-dependent processes involved in carcinogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

The risk of second primary tumors after resection of stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of second primary lung cancers (SPLC) after resection of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is estimated to be 1% to 4% per patient year. The overall effect of SPLC on survival after resection of stage I NSCLC is unknown. Here we report the incidence, management, and outcome of SPLC in a large prospective cohort of patients who underwent careful follow-up. METHODS: National Cancer Institute Intergroup Trial NCI #I91-0001 examined the effectiveness of isotretinoin A for chemoprevention of second primary tumors, the primary endpoint in that trial. Prospective data from patients randomly assigned to the placebo arm were analyzed. RESULTS: Five hundred sixty-nine patients underwent complete resection of pathologic stage I NSCLC. The median follow-up was 5.9 years. Second primary tumors developed in 88 (15%) patients. Of these, 49 (56%) were SPLC (incidence = 1.99/100 patient-years), with a median interval from initial surgery of 4.2 years. Second primary lung cancer never developed in patients who had never smoked (n = 44, p = 0.046; never versus ever smokers). Current smokers had a higher incidence of SPLC than former smokers (hazard ratio = 1.91, p = 0.03). Age, sex, stage, histology, tumor location and initial surgery had no effect on SPLC development. Despite semiannual follow-up with chest radiographs, 12 (24%) patients had metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis of SPLC. Surgical resection was performed in 31 (63%) SPLC patients. Median survival was 4.1 years in those who underwent surgery and 1.4 years in those who did not (p = 0.003). Overall SPLC-related mortality in the original cohort was 3.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who undergo surgery for SPLC can achieve prolonged survival. Despite close follow-up however many patients with SPLC present with advanced disease. That indicates a need for continued lifelong postoperative surveillance.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗