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Biomedical subjects

Anna Kopff

Publications and source records attributed to Anna Kopff.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and nitric oxide].

UNLABELLED: Despite of belonging to different chemical groups all nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert on antiinflammatory, antypyretic and analgetic effects inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, preciseley inhibiting first enzyme in arachidonic acid- cyclooxygenase. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of NSAIDs on nitric oxide synthesis and releasing to bloodstream Acetylsalicic acid (ASA) and diclofenac as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors and nimesulide as selective COX-2 inhibitor were used in study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An experiment was carried out on male Wistar rats administered intragastrically with acetylsalicylic acid in doses: 2.0 and 10.0 mg/kg of body weigh, diclofenac in doses: 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg body weigh and nimesulide in doses: 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg body weigh for three weeks. Results compared to control group which received water instead of achive drugs. Nitric oxide was determined by Nitric Oxide Non-Enzymatic Assay of Oxis International. RESULTS: ASA and nimesulide use did not significantly influence NO plasma concentration. Diclofenac administration at the 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg of body weigh was associated with increased NO concentration by 48.7% and 73.5% respectively. CONCLUSION: NO concentration is not relevant to selective or non selective inhibition of COX by NSAIDs. ASA (a non selective NSAIDs) and nimesulide (sective NSAIDs) do not influence NO concentration, while diclofenac (non selective NSAIDs) causes an increase in NO blood concentration in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Nitric oxide and cardiologic drugs].

The influence of simvastatin and metoprolol on nitric oxide synthesis (measured as NO metabolites plasma concentration) was studied. Results. It was revealed that both simvastatin and metoprolol diminish significantly plasma nitric oxide concentration by 24.6% and 23.7% respectively. It was also compared nitric oxide concentrations in plasma of rabbits, after 3 week of mononitrate isosorbitol and molsidomine administration--assuming that applied doses are relevant to maximal doses applied to the human. It was found that molsidomine releases more nitric oxide than mononitrate isosorbitol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2005

[Nitric oxide--oxidant or antioxidant?].

Nitric oxide (NO), as a free radical, seems to be a potential antioxidant. It takes part in termination of lipid peroxidation reactions. It can be also an oxidant, particularly in indirect reactions with oxygen molecules or superoxide anion.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2004

[Inhibition of adenosine deaminase activity by drugs influencing the cardiovascular system].

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an unique enzyme which catalyzes conversion of adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine to inosine and 2'-deoxyinosine respectively. One of physiological roles of this enzyme is modulation of its substrate--adenosine concentration (both intracellular and extraectocellular). In presented work the influence of acetylsalicylic acid, metoprolol, simvastatin, isosorbide mononitrate and molsidomine on total activity of adenosine deaminase and its isoenzymes--ADA1 and ADA2 in vivo was studied. We have affirmed that simvastatin decreased of tADA activity by 50%, acetylsalicylic acid by 34%, metoprolol by 29.1% and isosorbide mononitrate by 19.3%. Only after molsidomine administration were no significant changes in ADA activity observed. The result showed that the decline of ADA activity was mainly due to marked decrease in ADA2 isoenzyme.

Adenosine↗
PubMed2004

[Regional aortic function studied by three-dimensional echocardiography].

UNLABELLED: Aortic pulsation is caused by the arterial blood pressure variation during the cardiac cycle. Thickening of arterial intima, as well as the presence of atherosclerotic plaques may influence vessel pulsation by increasing wall stiffness. There is no data available concerning regional changes in aortic elasticity in relation with local wall thickness and the magnitude of atherosclerosis. The study group comprised 36 patients (27 men, 9 women, mean age 53 +/- 10 years) referred to our echocardiographic laboratory for transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). TEE probe was placed at the depth of 35 cm. The spatial interval between acquired images was 3 degrees. The reconstructed data sets were reviewed and the border between the aortic wall, plaque and lumen was determined. The reconstruction of a two-centimeter-long segment of aorta was divided by coaxial planes into four longitudinal sections. Thereafter the diastolic and systolic radius of each section, thickness of atherosclerotic plaques and intima-media thickness in each section were measured. The regional beta-index was calculated as Ln (systolic pressure/diastolic pressure)/relative change in regional aortic lumen, where relative change in regional aortic lumen was calculated as the difference between aortic lumen volume in systole and diastole divided by aortic lumen volume in diastole. In total, 144 aortic sections were analyzed. The volume of two-centimeter-long segments of descending aorta ranged from 6.9 cm3 to 31.5 cm3 (mean 12.8 +/- 5.2 cm3) in systole and from 4.9 cm3 to 29.2 cm3 (mean 11.2 +/- 4.9 cm3) in diastole. The volume of the examined sections of the aortic segments ranged from 1.3 cm3 to 10.6 cm3 (mean 3.2 +/- 2.6 cm3) in systole and from 1.1 cm3 to 8.7 cm3 (mean 2.8 +/- 1.5 cm3) in diastole. The pulsation of the aortic sections varied from 0.01 cm3 to 2.7 cm3 (mean 0.4 +/- 0.3 cm3), which constituted 0 to 37% (mean 13 +/- 8%) of the section volume. The thickness of atherosclerotic plaques in the studied aortic sections ranged from 0.0 mm to 1.1 mm (mean 0.3 +/- 0.2 mm) and the intima-media thickness was within the range 1.3 mm to 2.5 mm (mean 1.9 +/- 0.3 mm). The regional beta-index of the individual section ranged from 1.1 to 253.9 (mean 9.3 +/- 24.3). The regional beta-index was statistically significantly dependent on the intima-media thickness (p=0.02). We found no significant correlation between beta-index and the thickness of atherosclerotic plaques in the studied segments (p=0.38). CONCLUSIONS: Transoesophageal three-dimensional echocardiography facilitates quantitative analysis of aortic wall stiffness and regional beta-index measurements. The local variability of beta-index is correlated with intima-media thickness, whereas the correlation with the thickness of atherosclerotic plaques is not statistically significant. These measurements may be of importance in the assessment of the degree of atherosclerosis advancement. It forms new perspectives in diagnostics with the ability to evaluate the influence of pharmacotherapy and life-style modifications.

Aorta↗
PubMed2004

[Prognostic value of the parameters of left ventricular systolic function in patients with heart failure].

UNLABELLED: There are several parameters of left ventricular (LV) systolic function assessment. The calculation of the ejection fraction (EF) strongly relates to the preload and afterload conditions. Wall motion score index (WMSI) seems to be to impractical as the semi-quantitative method. Measurement of the LV pressure rise by Doppler evaluation of mitral regurgitation is a reproducible and an accurate method for dP/dt evaluation. As a method for LV systolic function estimation it does not depend on loading conditions. We have compared the prognostic value of these three methods in patients with a broad spectrum of systolic dysfunction. The study group consisted of 75 patients evaluated by all these methods in years 1995-1999 in our echocardiographic laboratory (73%--men, mean 54 +/- 12 years). In 13 patients the coronary artery disease was diagnosed but LV function was apparently normal, in 35--regional dysfunction after myocardial infarction was described, and in 27--global dysfunction due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. The EF ranged from 11% to 70% (mean 34 +/- 14%), WMSI--from 1 to 3.6 points (mean 2.2 +/- 0.7), and dP/dt from 235 to 4000 mmHg/s (mean 1108 +/- 698 mmHg/s). The closest relationship was noted between EF and dP/dt (R2=0.50). During 38 +/- 19 months of follow-up, 40 patients died (53%). In the multivariate logistic analysis the only significant parameter related to prognosis was EF (p=0.001). WMSI (p=0.12) and dP/dt (p=0.16) were not statistically significant correlated to death. CONCLUSION: The left ventricular ejection fraction still remains the most important parameter for the evaluation of prognosis in patients with depressed systolic function. Left ventricular pressure rise describes the systolic function but does not have impact on the prognostic evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of hyperthyreosis on the concentration of antioxidative vitamins and microelements].

In the course of hyperthyreosis reactive oxygen production increases and oxidative stress develops. The consequences of oxidative stress comprise disturbances in balance of pro- and antioxidative agents, including changes in concentration of antioxidative vitamins and microelements. Although the results of published studies concerning changes of concentrations of vitamins and microelements in hyperthyreosis are contradictory, most frequently a decrease of zinc and magnesium concentrations was observed.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2003

Effect of anthocyanins on selected biochemical parameters in rats exposed to cadmium.

Cadmium is a dangerous occupational and environmental toxin. It accumulates in the human organism mainly in liver and kidneys. Cadmium half-life is about 10 years, so the symptoms of cadmium intoxication may occur several years after the exposure. Until now in treating intoxication with this metal chelating compounds have been used, burdened with numerous undesirable symptoms. In our investigations anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa were used to reduce the harmful results caused by cadmium. Administering anthocyanins with cadmium chloride resulted in a statistically significant decrease of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, concentration of bilirubin and urea in blood serum and decreased cadmium cumulation in liver and kidneys in relation to animals receiving cadmium chloride only.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2003

[The influence of hyperthyroidism on selected parameters of oxidant-antioxidant balance on animal model].

The aim of the experiment was to examine the influence of increased concentration of thyroid hormones on selected parameters of oxidant-antioxidant balance through the analysis of the antioxidant enzymes activity, the content of antioxidant vitamins, and the concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids peroxidation (TBARS). Administration of levothyroxine of the dose 100 micrograms/kg of body mass to rabbits for 21 days caused the increase of TBARS concentration, the decrease of concentration of vitamins C and E, and the increase of SOD activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Anthocyanins--an adjunct to cardiovascular therapy?

BACKGROUND: Anthocyanins are one of the most important water-soluble plant pigments. They belong to flavonoids and are derivatives of 2-phenylo-benzo-gamma pyren. They have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and, therefore, may be potentially used to combat oxidative stress, frequently present in cardiovascular diseases. AIM: To assess the effects of anthocyanins from chokeberry (Aronia Melanocarpa) on some parameters of oxidation-reduction balance in an animal model. METHODS: Of 20 male Wistar rats, 10 received for 3 months pure water, and the other rats 10-100 mg/l of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa. Afterwards, blood samples were collected for assessment of the (1) content of substances reacting with thiobarbitural--TBARS, (2) antioxidant status and glutathione peroxidase activity, (3) concentration of sulphydryl groups, and (4) nitrite concentration. RESULTS: Anthocyanins significantly reduced the content of TBARS and thiol protein groups and non-significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity, total content of antioxidants and nitrite concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Anthocyanins from chokeberry decrease lipid peroxidation which may be potentially used to combat oxidative stress.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of selected cardiological drugs on oxidative status.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the often applied drugs in cardiovascular diseases (metoprolol, acetylsalicylic acid, simvastatin and molsidomine) on antioxidative/oxidative balance in vivo. The determination of oxidative status was based on measurements of concentration of: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS - lipid peroxidation products), protein carbonyl groups (marker of proteins oxidative injury), nitrotyrosine (marker of NO-mediated tissue damage) and sulfhydryl groups (protein oxidation product). The assays were performed in the plasma and whole blood of rabbits after three weeks of daily intragastric administration of the drugs mentioned above. It was shown that all drugs except acetylsalicylic acid caused an increase in the plasma and hemolysate levels of TBARS. No changes in nitrotyrosine concentration were observed after drug administration. The content of carbonyl groups did not change after administration of metoprolol, but increased significantly after simvastatin and molsidomine administration. Blood sulfhydryl group concentration was not changed by metoprolol but it significantly decreased after acetylsalicylic acid and increased significantly after molsidomine administration.

Animals↗