Biomedical subjects

Anthony Lavender

Publications and source records attributed to Anthony Lavender.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Cognitive executive function in Down's syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: The study investigated executive function in adults with Down's syndrome. DESIGN: Participants with Down's syndrome (N=26) were compared with non-Down syndrome learning disabled participants (N=26). METHOD: The two group's performance on a range of tests of executive function were compared. Groups were matched on age and a measure of vocabulary. RESULTS: The Down's syndrome group performed at a significantly lower level on a number of tests of executive function. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that impaired executive function in Down's syndrome is due to abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex in Down's syndrome. Tests of executive function may be sensitive to cognitive changes with the onset of dementia in people with Down's syndrome. Longitudinal studies examining changes in executive function in people with Down's syndrome are recommended.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

WAIS III UK: an extension of the UK comparability study.

OBJECTIVES: To correct and augment the sample on which a previous study, assessing the applicability of USA WAIS III norms to the UK population, was based. To repeat this study using the modified sample. DESIGN: The WAIS III UK was administered to a supplementary sample, which was used to enhance and correct the original sample, allowing a better match to UK population demographics. METHOD: WAIS III UK scores were processed using USA norms. RESULTS: Distributions of UK IQ, Index, and subtest scores were consistent with USA norms. Means were significantly above USA values and did not show a flat profile. Correlational analysis suggested the presence of an age-related sampling bias, which was then statistically controlled for using analysis of covariance, with age as covariate, to give corrected means. These means, with the exception of two subtests (block design and picture arrangement), did not differ significantly from USA values. CONCLUSION: With a minor proviso concerning the above subtests, it is probable that USA norms can be safely used with the UK population. Future UK samples need to ensure random sampling within demographic categories if sampling bias is to be avoided.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Developing services for people with dangerous and severe personality disorders.

This paper describes the conflicting attitudes that exist within wider society and the people who deliver services for people with dangerous and severe personality disorder. The importance of recognizing the nature of these conflicting attitudes that are based on the desire for ' punishment', ' keeping society safe' and ' treatment and care' is discussed. Potential ways of resolving these conflicts at an organizational and practice level are explored. The resolution might involve replacing the notions and associated practices of ' punishment' and ' safety' with ' containment', and ' treatment and care' with psychosocial therapy and rehabilitation.

Dangerous Behavior↗