Biomedical subjects

Ayako Naito

Publications and source records attributed to Ayako Naito.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Mutation analysis of the BRG1 gene in prostate cancer clinical samples.

Previous studies in hereditary and sporadic prostate cancer have indicated the existence of a tumor suppressor gene in chromosomal region 19p13. The BRG1 gene in this region is one of the possible candidates, based on both the frequency of inactivating mutations in human cancer cell lines, including the prostate cancer cell line DU145, and its functional properties. To our knowledge, no studies have been done to evaluate possible involvement of the BRG1 gene in clinical prostate cancer. To accomplish this, we carried out a complete mutation analysis of all 35 BRG1 exons in tumor and constitutional DNA samples from 21 prostate cancer patients. We report the absence of somatic mutations in the panel of samples employed, but the existence of five germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CpG islands of the BRG1 gene, among them, three novel ones. In conclusion, the study excludes the presence of common BRG1 mutations in prostate cancer.

Age of Onset↗

PubMed2002

Partial nephrectomy using a vascular sealing system.

PURPOSE: The margin resected at partial nephrectomy is so fragile that it is not easy to control bleeding. To control bleeding we developed a new technique using a vascular sealing system for hemostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 38-year-old woman with renal cell carcinoma underwent partial nephrectomy. A tumor was identified in the lower pole of the left kidney. The kidney was exposed with the perinephric fat and the main renal artery was identified and clamped. Along the incision line the renal cortex was cut sharply to 10 to 15 mm. deep. A jaw of the vascular sealing system was carefully inserted into the sinus space between the renal pelvis and medulla. The jaws were gradually clamped together, and the renal medulla and vasculature were compressed and then sealed completely by computer controlled current. Because the renal pelvis was involved by tumor, the pelvis was removed partially with the tumor and approximated with absorbable sutures. RESULTS: Before reperfusion only a few additional sutures were needed for hemostasis. Warm ischemia time was 19 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: Our technique seems to be a promising method of rapidly achieving reliable hemostasis for partial nephrectomy.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with urolithiasis.

PURPOSE: Recent studies suggest that allelic variations of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene can influence calcium absorption and excretion. Therefore, we studied the association of VDR gene polymorphism with urolithiasis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 83 patients with urinary stones and 83 controls. Patients were scored for certain clinical characteristics, including long axis diameter of the largest stone (1 point-less than 10 mm. and 2-10 mm. or greater), number of stones (1 point-1 and 2-multiple) and history of calcium stone disease (1 point-absent and 2-present). They were classified into 3 groups according to the total score, including low-3, intermediate-4 or 5 and high-6 points. The 2 VDR gene polymorphisms TaqI and ApaI were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and their relationships with the urinary calcium level were examined. RESULTS: The incidence of TaqI Tt and tt genotypes was significantly higher in the high score group than in controls. The TaqI t allele was associated with a 5.2-fold increase in the risk of severe stone disease. The urinary calcium level in patients with the Tt and tt genotypes was also higher than in those with the TT genotype. The rate of the ApaI genotype was not different in the high score group and controls. CONCLUSIONS: The TaqI t allele of the VDR gene may be a risk factor for severe stone disease and recurrent stones.

Adult↗