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Biomedical subjects

B A Hurn

Publications and source records attributed to B A Hurn.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Methods available for monitoring the safety of marketed drugs.

Spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions may be the only way of revealing very rare events but they present great difficulties of rational interpretation. Some of these problems may be overcome by the application of quantitative epidemiological technique to data describing drug exposure and medical outcomes. Formal pharmacoepidemiological studies of this sort have proved valuable in the interpretation of "signals" generated by spontaneous reports.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1988

Acyclovir in Pregnancy Registry. An observational epidemiologic approach.

Observational epidemiologic methods are being used to evaluate the safety of acyclovir in pregnancy. An essential component of this research is the establishment of a baseline expectation of pregnancy outcomes among women with herpes not receiving acyclovir. Continuing studies will be described in this report. To supplement these structured studies, an international case registration study was established. Through the Acyclovir in Pregnancy Registry, all cases of reported prenatal exposures to acyclovir are tracked to ascertain maternal exposure, risk factor, and pregnancy outcome information. The reports originate in all countries where oral acyclovir is marketed; data consolidation and analysis are coordinated at Burroughs Wellcome Co. with the assistance of a government/industry advisory panel. This presentation summarizes provisional data from the prospective reports, including trimester of exposure and reported outcomes of pregnancy. The total number of monitored pregnancies remains too small to support conclusions about the safety of acyclovir during pregnancy at this point. The potential for the registry and other epidemiologic studies to address the safety-in-pregnancy question will be discussed.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1983

Experimental infection of Tamarins with human non-A, non-B hepatitis virus.

Non-A, non-B (NANB) viral hepatitis was successfully transmitted to two colony-born Tamarins following inoculation with antihaemophilic factor VIII concentrate or the "H" inoculum. Both animals showed histological and ultrastructural evidence of viral hepatitis, with raised alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels from the second week after inoculation through to the end of follow-up, 5 months later.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1983

Large scale screening programme for selection of antisera for radioimmunoassay of human parathyroid hormone.

A large-scale, three-phase screening programme has been devised for the rapid selection of antisera which might be of potential use in clinical radioimmunoassays for human parathyroid hormone. A total of 122 sera from 169 guinea pigs and 6 rabbits immunized with bovine parathyroid hormone, and 12 guinea pigs immunized with human parathyroid hormone were assessed relative to reference antisera. Pre-determined criteria for the three phase programme were imposed by the requirement for antisera that could be used at dilutions greater than 10(-5) in order to ensure continuity of supplies for wide-spread distribution and by the limited availability of human parathyroid hormone for testing purposes. Of the sera tested, only 5 were selected as having high titre and sensitivity for low concentrations of human parathyroid hormone. The 5 antisera were further evaluated for amino- and carboxyl-region specificities for the human parathyroid hormone in comparison with antiserum 211/32, widely distributed for use in radioimmunoassay for clinical purposes. The selected antisera appear to be of high affinity with good recognition of the whole or carboxyl-region parts of the human parathyroid molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A rapid immunofluorescent procedure for the detection of specific IgG and IgM antibody in sera using Staphylococcus aureus and latex-IgG as absorbents.

Sera from adults with toxoplasmosis and individuals with anti nuclear antibodies were examined for the presenceof specific IgM and IgG antibodies and for the occurrence of anti-immunoglobulin ("RF") activity both before and after absorption with freeze-dried preparations of protein A-containing Staphylococcus aureus. Such absorption removed most of the IgG present in sera without interfering with the detection of IgM antibody by immunofluorescence, but was relatively ineffective in the removal of "RF". "RF" activity, demonstrable by slide agglutination, was removed by absorption with latex coated with IgG. In order to prevent the possibility of false positive IgM staining in immunofluorescence tests, it is concluded that sequential absorption with latex-IgG particles and protein A-positive staphylococci is essential. Such absorption is technically simple and can be performed on small volumes of serum.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1970

Impaired glucose tolerance: a late effect of insulin shock treatment.

Glucose tolerance tests were performed in a group of patients in a mental hospital who had been treated with insulin shock and in a matched control group. Five out of 31 (16%) patients in the insulin-treated group and 1 out of 22 (5%) controls had "diabetic" blood sugar curves. Median blood sugar values were significantly higher at 60 minutes and later in the insulin-treated group, as were mean blood sugar values when the "diabetic" patients were excluded. Small amounts of plasma insulin-binding antibody were found in two insulin-treated patients. In the absence of any other clear-cut explanation, it is suggested that in some patients massive doses of insulin by injection may leave diminished tissue responsiveness to insulin as a long-term after-effect.

Adult↗