Physiologic maxillary antrostomy--update.
Physiologic antrostomy, as presented in this paper, is a procedure developed by the author using both old and new techniques. Indications and contraindications for the use of the physiologic maxillary antrostomy are listed. The osteoplastic flap (trapdoor) is used to enter the antrum. The nature of the lesions which can be handled through this approach are covered. The methods for removal of the lesions without removing the mucous membrane lining are given. The indications for removing this membrane are also presented. The methods are presented for the placing of the ventilation tube in the natural ostium. A step by step description of the technique used to perform this type of surgery is presented. Using this method, surgery that is done in or through the maxillary sinus is simplified and the severe sequelae of the Caldwell-Luc type of surgery are largely overcome.