Biomedical subjects

B A Saxon

Publications and source records attributed to B A Saxon.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Comparative activity of cefepime, alone and in combination, against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas cepacia from cystic fibrosis patients.

The comparative in vitro activity and synergy of cefepime were evaluated with clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas cepacia from cystic fibrosis patients. The activity of cefepime, both alone and in combination, was comparable to those of other antibiotics. The clinical efficacy of cefepime in cystic fibrosis patients merits investigation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1990

The presence and identification of organisms transmitted to dental laboratories.

The potential for infection of dental personnel in the office and dental laboratory by transmission of microorganisms between dentists' offices and commercial dental laboratories does exist. Sixty-seven percent of all materials sent from dental offices to dental laboratories sampled in four cities were contaminated with bacteria of varying degrees of opportunistic pathogenicity. Dental offices and dental laboratories need to practice adequate infection control procedures to prevent possible cross-contamination.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1990

In vitro activities of combinations of aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and ceftazidime against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas cepacia from patients with cystic fibrosis.

The in vitro activities of two-drug combinations of aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and ceftazidime were studied in 96 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in 20 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas cepacia from cystic fibrosis patients. Some synergy was observed with each combination used against P. aeruginosa, but synergy was rare when the combinations were used against P. cepacia.

Aztreonam↗

PubMed1987

Absence of rapidly developing resistance during treatment of cystic fibrosis patients with aztreonam.

The in vitro activity of aztreonam and 10 other antibiotics was determined for clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 18 cystic fibrosis patients obtained before, at the end of, and 7-14 days after the completion of therapy with aztreonam. The percent of isolates susceptible to aztreonam at each sampling period were 79%, 78%, and 81% respectively.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1987

In vitro activity of aztreonam combined with tobramycin and gentamicin against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas cepacia from patients with cystic fibrosis.

The in vitro activity of aztreonam combined with tobramycin and with gentamicin was assessed in 78 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 11 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas cepacia from patients with cystic fibrosis. Synergy was detected in 56.4% of P. aeruginosa isolates and 60% of P. cepacia isolates with the aztreonam-tobramycin combination and in 49.3% of P. aeruginosa isolates and 81.8% of P. cepacia isolates with the aztreonam-gentamicin combination. No antagonism was observed. These combinations merit clinical evaluation in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis.

Aztreonam↗

PubMed1985

A five-year analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility testing profiles for beta-lactam antimicrobials, with inter-hospital and susceptibility method comparisons within a medical school affiliated hospital system.

A comparative study of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was performed for a five-year period in four hospitals affiliated with the University of Utah School of Medicine due to concern that susceptibility testing method and results differences between hospital units might complicate training and comprise initial antimicrobial therapy. Few significant pattern changes were detected within or between the individual hospitals during the five-year period, and variances between hospitals were in general no greater than variances demonstrated within individual service units within the University Hospital.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1984

Azlocillin pharmacokinetics in patients with cystic fibrosis.

The pharmacokinetics of azlocillin were studied in 10 cystic fibrosis patients, ranging in age from 11 to 28 years. The patients received a 9- to 23-day course of 350 mg of azlocillin per kg in four or six divided daily doses in combination with am aminoglycoside. Blood and urine samples were collected at specified times after the last dose of the course of azlocillin therapy and then assayed for azlocillin content. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental analysis. Mean values for serum half-life (1.74 h), disposition constant (0.41 h-1), total body clearance (123 ml/kg per h), and renal clearance (58 ml/kg per h) were determined. All patients exhibited improvement with respect to clinical and laboratory parameters and displayed no adverse reactions. The pharmacokinetic analysis offers further evidence of the dose-dependent nature of azlocillin elimination, but elimination did not appear to be altered in cystic fibrosis patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Piperacillin distribution into bile, gallbladder wall, abdominal skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue in surgical patients.

The concentrations of piperacillin in serum, bile, gallbladder wall, abdominal skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue were measured simultaneously at various times after the intravenous administration of a single 5-g dose to each of 14 patients undergoing biliary tract surgery. Piperacillin concentrated in the bile with peak levels exceeding 4,000 micrograms/ml. In a single patient with cystic duct obstruction, trace gallbladder bile piperacillin levels were measured. Gallbladder wall concentrations of piperacillin tended to be higher than corresponding serum concentrations, with a correlation observed between tissue values and the degree of acute gallbladder inflammation and gallbladder bile piperacillin concentrations. Mean peak muscle and adipose tissue piperacillin concentrations of 31 and 27 micrograms/g, respectively, were reached at between 2 and 3 h after the start of infusion. These concentrations exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for a majority of susceptible organisms. A single 5-g dose of piperacillin achieved therapeutic levels in gallbladder wall, intraabdominal skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue and concentrated in the bile of patients with patent biliary tracts.

Abdominal Muscles↗

PubMed1982

Cefoperazone: regression analysis, disk content, and disk susceptibility testing considerations.

Cefoperazone agar dilution minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) susceptibility results were compared with zones of inhibition produced by disk diffusion susceptibility testing. Disks containing 30, 50, 75, and 100 micrograms of cefoperazone were tested for purposes of regression line comparisons and error rate-bounded analysis. Results suggest that if the MIC equivalent of susceptibility is 32 micrograms/ml, either a 50-micrograms disk with zone sizes of susceptibility (S) greater than or equal to 15 mm and resistance (R) less than or equal to 12 mm or a 75-micrograms disk with zone sizes of S greater than or equal to 17 mm and R less than or equal to 14 mm may be appropriate. If the MIC equivalent of susceptibility is 64 micrograms/ml, this would dictate use of a 75-micrograms disk with zone sizes of S greater than or equal to 17 mm and R less than or equal to 12 mm. Disks containing either less than or equal to 30 or greater than or equal to 100 micrograms of cefoperazone did not adequately discriminate among susceptible and resistant bacterial strains at either the 32- or 64-micrograms/ml MIC equivalent.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗