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Biomedical subjects

B Abrams

Publications and source records attributed to B Abrams.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Selective autonomic blockade of conditioned and unconditioned cardiovascular changes in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Changes in heart rate and in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were examined in eight rhesus monkeys during six sessions of differential classical conditioning. The conditioned stimuli consisted of tones differing in frequency and the unconditioned stimuli consisted of tail shock. Both the conditioned responses (CRS) and unconditioned responses (UCRs) consisted of increases in heart rate and in systolic and diastolic pressures, but blood pressure CRs sometimes occurred in the absence of heart rate CRs. Graded doses of the selective blocking agents propranolol, phentolamine, and atropine methylnitrate were systemically administered to four of the monkeys prior to additional conditioning sessions. The results suggested that the CRs and UCRs were mediated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic influences.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1974

A histological comparison of the giant cells in the central giant cell granuloma of the jaws and the giant cell tumor of long bone.

A histological comparison has been made of the giant cells in 10 cases which had been diagnosed as central giant cell granuloma of the jaws and 10 cases diagnosed as giant cell tumor of long bone. The numbers of nuclei in each of 50 giant cells were counted in the 20 lesions. The giant cells were measured in order to compare their sizes in the respective lesions. It was found that the giant cells of the jaw lesions contained significantly fewer nuclei than those of the lesions in other bones. Secondly it was found that cells in the lesions of long bone have significantly larger dimensions than those in the jaw lesions. There was, however, an area of overlap. It was concluded that these data supported the view that giant cell tumor and giant cell granuloma are distinct entities. Some giant cell lesions of long bones are, however, morphologically indistinguishable from lesions of the jaws; and conversely giant cell lesions of the jaws are indistinguishable from some giant cell lesions of the long bones. It seems possible, therefore, that some jaw lesions are giant cell tumors and that some giant cell lesions outside the jaws are giant cell granulomas.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dietary, alcohol, and tobacco intake among Mexican-American women of childbearing age: results from HANES data.

PURPOSE: Dietary intake and substance abuse are important predictors of pregnancy outcome yet little is known about these behaviors in Mexican Americans. Dietary, tobacco, and alcohol intake of Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white women were compared across the reproductive cycle. DESIGN: Four cross-sectional groups--interconceptional, pregnant, lactating, and postpartum non-lactating--were compared within and between ethnic groups. SUBJECTS: A stratified sample of 682 women, 16 to 44 years old, of Mexican birth or origin from the Hispanic HANES was contrasted with a similarly stratified sample of 1,396 white non-Hispanic women from the NHANES: MEASURES: Demographic, behavioral and health characteristics, food practices, and fluid intake were examined. Data on food servings were combined into five major food groups. RESULTS: Compared with white non-Hispanics, Mexican-American women had lower socioeconomic status and worse perceived health. However, Mexican Americans reported lower consumption of tobacco, alcohol, diet soda, and caffeine, particularly during pregnancy and lactation. Although portion sizes for the foods consumed were not assessed, frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables and milk was lower and meat higher among Mexican Americans. CONCLUSIONS: Despite socioeconomic disadvantages, Mexican-American women have better health habits than white non-Hispanic women. From these data it is unclear how diet affects pregnancy outcomes in Mexican Americans.

Adolescent↗