Alanine aminopeptidase excretion after mercuric chloride renal failure.
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Acute Kidney Injury↗
Biomedical subjects
B B Kirschbaum
Publications and source records attributed to B B Kirschbaum.
The effect of mercuric chloride on renal brush border membrane.
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Acute Kidney Injury↗
Alterations of mitochondrial properties in folate nephropathy.
Folate nephropathy was selected as a model to study renal mitochondrial response after tubular injury. 20 h after injection, 14C-leucine incorporation was suppressed to 20--30% of control, 14C-mannose incorporation was 63--78% greater than control while the activities of succinic dehydrogenase and monoamine oxidase were unaltered. By 40 h, 14C-leucine incorporation had been restored to control values. Also, at 20 h, ATPase activity sensitive to oligomycin inhibition had increased by 45--73%, whereas K+-stimulated ATPase activity was reduced in the experimental mitochondrial fractions. The results are discussed along with other studies of mitochondria in experimental renal disease.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
Factors affecting protein and glycoprotein synthesis by rat kidney mitochondria in vitro.
Incorporation of 14C-labeled leucine and mannose were used as indices of protein and glycoprotein synthesis by isolated rat kidney mitochondria. Uninephrectomy, certain salts including NaCl and heavy metals, detergents such as digitonin and lysophosphatidylcholine, and various antibiotics were studied for their effect in this in vitro assay system. Amino acid incorporation by mitochondria into macromolecules was adversely affected by a number of the conditions studied while carbohydrate incorporation was less frequently influenced. The number of variables capable of influencing the assays system indicate that caution must be used in the interpretation of in vitro enzyme reactions especially in the study of experimental nephropathies. Alterations in mitochondrial macromolecular synthesis may be a feature of various types of renal injury though the importance of mitochondrial biosynthetic activity to the overall cell response remains to be established.
Amino Acids↗
Serum glycoprotein: glycosyl transferase activity in patients with renal disease.
Glycoprotein: galactosyl and glycoprotein: sialic acid transferase activities were measured in the serum of patients with minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome, acute renal failure, and chronic renal insufficiency of varying severity. The activity of galactosyl transferase was elevated in all patients but one. Sialic acid transferase activity was increased in the patient group as a whole, but the magnitude of the increase was smaller and less predictable compared to the galactosyl transferase enzyme. The physiologic consequence of increased glycosyl transferase activity in serum is discussed.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗
Effects of digitonin on mitochondrial and lysosomal fractions from renal cortex.
Digitonin was studied as a means of purifying mitochondrial fractions which were contaminated by lysosmes and other membranous structures. At concentrations which did not cause loss of mitochondrial enzymes, digitonin released into the supernatant significant amounts of marker enzymes for lysosomes, plasma membranes, and other cytoplasmic organelles. Acid glycosidases followed differing patterns of release that may reflect the heterogenous organization of the lysosomal enzyme-membrane complex. While there are limitations to the digitonin method, studies of certain aspects of mitochondrial function may benefit from the digitonin pretreatment step.
Animals↗
Studies of enzymes involved in glycoprotein synthesis and degradation in diacetylbenzidine nephrosis.
Diacetylbenzidine was used to induce a nephrotic syndrome in female rats. Enzymes involved in glycoprotein metabolism were evaluated during an early stage of induced renal disease before extensive histologic changes occurred. The results show that lysosomal acid hydrolases are not activated or released to any measurable degree during the early stages of the disease. Minimal differences in the composition of glomerular basement membrane of nephrotic rats were found despite heavy proteinuria. Glomerular specific activities of certain glycoprotein:glycosyl transferases were depressed in nephrotic animals. A new viewpoint to explain the pathology of glomerular proteinuria is presented based on the phenomenon of sublethal autolysis affecting cell surface structure and function, of which activity levels of glycoprotein:glycosyl transferases are an example. Increased activities of glycosyl transferases and Na-D ATPase were noted in the cortex from nephrotic animals. These studies involving cortex indicate that the pathologic process is not confined to the glomerulus and may contribute information concerning Na+ transport in the nephrotic rat.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Glycoprotein metabolism in human renal disease: serum glycoproteins and glycoprotein: glycosyl transferase levels in chronic renal failure.
Glycoprotein: galactosyl and glycoprotein: sialic acid transferase activity were measured in the serum of patients with renal insufficiency. Significant elevations in enzyme activity were found in all patients including those on regular hemodialysis. Galactosyl transferase activity was elevated in a group of renal transplant recipients with normal serum creatinine. Serum glycoproteins from renal failure serum have an altered carbohydrate composition, the major finding being a reduced galactose content. A smaller reduction in sialic acid content was also observed. The findings are discussed in terms of glycoprotein metabolism and the clinical setting of chronic renal failure.
ABO Blood-Group System↗