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Biomedical subjects

B B Owens

Publications and source records attributed to B B Owens.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Diversity among Purkinje cells in the monkey cerebellum.

A monoclonal antibody (B1) produced against rat embryonic forebrain membranes shows specific and striking immunohistochemical staining of Purkinje cells in the monkey cerebellum in a pattern of broad parasagittal alternating bands of cells either possessing or lacking the B1 antigen. In addition, the neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei and some neurons of the motor cortex and of the spinal cord also contain the B1 antigen. Neurons with the B1 antigen were also seen in the somatosensory cortex, the vestibular and cochlear nuclei, and the retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Centennial paper: Beta dimethylaminoethyl benzhydryl ether hydrochloride (benadryl) in treatment of urticaria by Arthur C. Curtis and Betty Brechner Owens.

1. Beta dimethylaminoethyl benzhydryl ether hydrochloride (Benadryl) is a member of a new group of pharmacologically active antihistamine drugs. 2. Its use in amounts of 50 to 100 mg. given orally one to five times daily to a diverse group of 18 patients with both acute and chronic urticaria is reported. 3. Eleven patients experienced prompt relief of symptoms as long as the drug was taken. Three had definite and real improvement, and many of the wheals which did appear were not pruritic. Four patients were not benefited. 4. The drug has a wide margin of safety, and the only toxic manifestations noted were drowsiness and muscular aching (2 cases) and dizziness, weakness and vertigo (1 case). No cumulative toxic symptoms were noted in patients who ingested the drug as long as six or seven months. All toxic symptoms promptly disappeared when the drug was discontinued. 5. The effect is palliative, and in many patients the urticaria recurred when the administration of the drug was discontinued. 6. Since an antihistamine drug seems to be effective in controlling urticaria, it may be assumed that this is further indirect evidence that histamine is a factor in the production of urticaria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Future generation pacemakers.

Interchangeability between pacing modes will be the key feature in the pacemaker of the 1980s. The usefulness of the various modes will be enhanced by the array of pacing parameter options made available within each mode. Noninvasive adjustments of rates, AV intervals, signal detection sensitivities, and both atrial and ventricular stimulating energies will allow for necessary fine-tuning and ease of trouble-shooting throughout the life of the pacemaker system. Battery energy will be conserved by trimming output pulse characteristics to safe but reasonable levels. On the other hand, should myocardial thresholds increase, flexibility to reprogram pulse width and/or amplitude will avoid the need for reimplanting new electrodes or pulse generator. The physician will be able to evaluate underlying rhythm mechanisms and even perform single electrophysiologic studies by using special programmable features. Advanced telemetry features will facilitate patient followup and help identify pacing problems. Various telemetry options will include information on programmed and actual performance parameters, and on endocardial signals from both the atria and ventricles. Future generation pacemakers will be a collection and refinement of present technologies into single pacing systems. It is not overly optimistic to envision within this decade a small, long-life, easily implanted, sophisticated pacemaker that is capable of several modes of operation for treatment of both bradycardias and tachycardias, and is noninvasively adjustable to various and changing patient conditions.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1983

DNA methylation of remote sequences in chicken alpha-globin gene expression.

We have previously reported a correlation between site-specific DNA methylation and developmental expression of the chicken alpha-globin genes [8]. We have now extended this investigation to include sites 10-20 kb 5' to the alpha-globin cluster. These data indicate that the methylation status of DNA 5' to the globin genes can still be correlated with gene expression in red blood cells. The results suggest a possible role of DNA methylation in modifying regulatory sequences remote from the transcription initiation sites of globin genes; the existence of such remote regulatory sequences has also been indicated by some beta-thalassemia deletions and by genetic elements in other systems. Our results further correlate with known intermediate DNase I sensitivity in this region [7]. A discrete cluster of CpC type methylation is reported 5' to the alpha-globin gene cluster.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

DNA methylation in chicken alpha-globin gene expression.

We have investigated certain specific methylation sites of the chicken alpha-globin gene cluster in DNA from embryonic and adult erythroid cells as well as from brain and sperm cells. Eight contiguous DNA fragments of the alpha-globin gene cluster were subcloned from a recombinant lambda phage. The subclones were used as probes to map all the Msp I/Hpa II and Hha I sites in the unmethylated cloned DNA and specific sites of methylation in and around the alpha-globin gene cluster in chromosomal DNA. The data show that sperm DNA is totally methylated at these restriction sites in the globin gene region, as is brain DNA, with some exceptions. Interestingly, the methylation status of specific sites 5' to the coding sequences is correlated with expression of the embryonic or adult alpha-globin genes in different stages of erythroid development. Some sites showing partial methylation, however, do not conform to the model that transcribed genes are unmethylated or undermethylated. We also find a well-defined 3.5-kilobase region of DNA 5' to the alpha-globin gene cluster in which all C-C-G-G sites are resistant to Msp I digestion in all tissues. This "Msp block" is presumably caused by 5-MeCpC methylation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Control of hemoglobin expression in chick embryonic development.

We have investigated the presence or absence of methylation of cytosine (5-MeCpG) at specific sites of the chick alpha-globin gene cluster in DNA from embryonic and adult erythroid cells, as well as from brain and sperm cells. We find that these sites are totally methylated in sperm DNA and, with some exceptions, in brain DNA. In erythroid cells no methylation or undermethylation is found in certain sites that are in or near those globin genes that are expressed in embryonic or adult cells, respectively, as predicted by the model. Other sites, away from these genes, do not necessarily follow the prediction. We have also detected a cluster of 5-MeCpC methylation sites in all tissues which is 5' to the alpha-globin cluster.

5-Methylcytosine↗