Biomedical subjects

B B Tigges

Publications and source records attributed to B B Tigges.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Affiliative preferences, self-change, and adolescent condom use.

PURPOSE: To describe the social comparisons, as measured by affiliative preferences, of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White adolescents who are either contemplating, initiating, or maintaining effective condom use, and to examine whether these preferences vary with stage of change for condom use and behavioral self-esteem. DESIGN: School-based survey of 180 sexually-active, 12th grade students at two public high schools in northern New Mexico. METHODS: Participants anonymously completed structured questionnaires in the classroom. FINDINGS: With few exceptions, respondents preferred to affiliate with others who were similar demographically. Stage of change had a significant main effect on adolescents' affiliative preferences related to condom use. Contemplators wanted to be with peers who used condoms more than they did (upward affiliations), while those in the preparation and maintenance stages wanted to affiliate with those who used condoms essentially the same amount as they did (lateral affiliations). Stage of change also had a significant interaction with behavioral self-esteem in predicting preferred affiliations related to condom use. Among participants in the preparation stage, those with low self-esteem wanted to affiliate with peers who used condoms less than they did (downward affiliations), while those with moderate self-esteem preferred affiliations that were slightly upward. CONCLUSIONS: Social comparison theory was a useful theoretical framework for examining preventive health behaviors. Adolescents' preferences for affiliation with peers varied according to stage of change and behavioral self-esteem. Implications regarding the use of targeted interventions for each stage of change are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Acute otitis media and pneumococcal resistance: making judicious management decisions.

The emergence of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) has implications for the primary care provider who treats acute otitis media (AOM) in children. AOM must be carefully distinguished from otitis media with effusion (OME). Antibiotic treatment for AOM is recommended because of the low rate of spontaneous resolution of S. pneumoniae infection and the risk of suppurative complications, particularly in young children. Amoxicillin continues to be the first drug of choice. Children for whom the first course of antibiotics fails should be treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime axetil, or ceftriaxone. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, the macrolides, and most of the cephalosporins have limited effectiveness against DRSP and should no longer have a major role in AOM treatment. OME need not be treated with antibiotics unless the effusion has been present for 3 to 4 months. Tympanostomy tubes are an effective treatment for both chronic OME and recurrent AOM. Given the significant increase of DRSP during the past decade, clinicians must minimize antibiotic use and, when antibiotics are required, make judicious clinical decisions.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1997

Infant formulas: practical answers for common questions.

The pediatric health care provider is often faced with myriad decisions related to the use of infant formula. This article compares human milk to cow's milk. It addresses the composition, classification, and use of some of the most common infant formulas manufactured for use with the term infant in the outpatient setting. Common clinical situations are discussed, including the role for low-iron, goat's milk, and follow-up formulas, and formula use for the infant with diarrhea, colic, and atopic disease. The article highlights the poor quality of research and the lack of definitive answers available to the clinician when managing the infant with atopic disease. It concludes with a review of practical aspects of infant formula feeding for use in client education and management, including guidelines for formula preparation, calculating necessary formula intake, frequency, and quantity of infant feedings, and provisions of the WIC program.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Management strategies for promoting successful breastfeeding.

Clinicians can promote a successful breastfeeding experience by providing support, anticipatory guidance and practical information. This article presents the components of early follow-up and guidelines for assessment. Management strategies for common problems are discussed, such as nipple soreness, cracked nipples, plugged ducts and mastitis, insufficient infant weight gain, perceived inadequacy of milk supply, breast-milk jaundice, sexual adjustment and failure at breastfeeding. Breastfeeding guidelines for employed mothers and adoptive mothers are indicated.

Breast Feeding↗