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Biomedical subjects

B Bäckman

Publications and source records attributed to B Bäckman.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Amelogenesis imperfecta: a genetic study.

The mode of inheritance and the clinical manifestations of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) were studied in 51 families from the county of Västerbotten, northern Sweden. Autosomal dominant (AD) was the most probable mode of inheritance in 33 families, but X-linked dominant (XD) inheritance was a possible alternative in one family. Autosomal recessive (AR) inheritance was found likely in 6 and X-linked recessive inheritance in 2 families. Ten probands were sporadic cases. In the families with AD inheritance, a sex difference was observed between affected and non-affected cases, with an excess of females in the affected group (p less than 0.05). In addition to the 78 index cases, 107 new cases were diagnosed. The clinical manifestations of AI observed could be divided into 2 forms, the hypoplastic form in 72% and the hypomineralization form in 28% of the individuals. AD inheritance was seen in 89% of the cases with the hypoplastic form, and in 44% of the cases with the hypomineralization form. In most families with AD or AR inheritance, each family displayed a characteristic manifestation of either hypoplastic or hypomineralization defects. In 3 families, both hypoplastic and hypomineralization forms of AI were seen. In families with X-linked inheritance, the clinical manifestation differed between females and males with males more seriously affected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Amelogenesis imperfecta: prevalence and incidence in a northern Swedish county.

The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence and incidence of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in the county of Västerbotten, northern Sweden using the criteria of Witkop & Sauk (1976). The diagnoses were based upon clinical and radiographic evidence. The study-population consisted of all 3-19-yr-olds born in the county from 1963 to 1979. AI was diagnosed in 79 children, 41 girls and 38 boys, giving a prevalence of 1.4:1000. The mean incidence 1963-79 was 1.3:1000. Half of the children with AI had brothers or sisters in the group. The hypoplastic form was the most common (58 children) followed by the hypomaturation form (16 children). Only five children had the hypomineralization form.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Reduction of caries in 8-year-old Swedish children between 1967 and 1979.

In this paper, the caries prevalence of groups of 8-year-old children in Umeå, Sweden, examined in 1967, 1971, 1975 and 1979 is described. A reduction of caries of 45% in the permanent teeth and 54% in the primary teeth is shown between 1967 and 1979. During the same period there has been a gradual extension of dental care for children and adolescents, and there has been an increasing emphasis on preventive dentistry. The reduction in caries does not, however, continue at the same rapid rate. Further preventive efforts therefore ought to be focused on those individuals with the highest caries indices.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant amelogenesis imperfecta demonstrated by its exclusion from the AIH2 region on human chromosome 4Q.

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of hereditary enamel defects, characterized by large clinical diversity. On the basis of differences in clinical manifestation and inheritance pattern, 14 different subtypes have been recognized. A locus for autosomal dominant AI (ADAI) of local hypoplastic type was recently mapped to the region between D4S392 and D4S395 on the long arm of chromosome 4. To test whether the chromosome 4 locus is responsible for other forms of AI as well, a linkage study was carried out with 17 families representing at least five clinical forms of ADAI. Admixture tests for heterogeneity performed with the marker D4S2456 gave statistical support for genetic heterogeneity of ADAI with the odds 78:1. Linkage to the ADAI locus on chromosome 4q (AIH2) could only be demonstrated with families expressing the local hypoplastic type, and there was no support for heterogeneity within that group of families. Furthermore, linkage could be excluded for five families with other clinical forms of ADAI. The data therefore demonstrated that ADAI is genetically heterogeneous, and that at least two loci for it exist.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of dental mutilation.

A case of ritual mutilation in a fourteen-year-old Ethiopian girl is described. When the girl was three years old she had frequent stomach problems. According to tribal tradition her illness was thought to arise from her mandibular primary canines and these teeth were removed by a medicine man. The extraction damaged the tooth germs of the succedaneous teeth and resulted in deformed permanent canines. This is the first report of a case of dental mutilation from Ethiopia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual pedagogy in dentistry for children with autism.

The aim of the present study is to present and evaluate a model based on visual pedagogy for the introduction of dentistry to preschool children with autism. The model is based on the knowledge that it is easier for these children to communicate via pictures than via words. A book has been produced with distinct color-prints describing every step when visiting the dentist. The project has been designed in cooperation with the multi-professional team involved with the children. A total of sixteen children with autism participated in the project. Evaluation was done after 1.5 years. The ability of the children to cooperate is compared with that of sixteen children with autism of the same ages who were not treated with this method. The capacity of the children in the project to cooperate during dental treatment is superior to that of the control-children. Visual pedagogy is a way of introducing dentistry to children with autism.

Autistic Disorder↗