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Biomedical subjects

B Barański

Publications and source records attributed to B Barański.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Project for amending regulations regarding jobs prohibited to women].

Considering that the current legal regulations on jobs prohibited to women lack consistency, especially in relation to the criteria for including specific jobs into the prohibited category, and because the regulations fail to protect women satisfactorily from the harmful effects of occupational and environmental loads and exposures, preparation of new legal regulations on those matters has been attempted. Special stress has been put on specifying parameters which, when measured and compared with the suggested allowable values, should provide a basis for deciding whether a woman can be employed at a specified post. Separate criteria have been specified to determine jobs prohibited to women: a) irrespective of age, b) at reproductive age, c) during pregnancy and lactation. The irrespective-of-age restrictions result from lower average physical efficiency of women in relation to men, lower muscular strength and different psychical or biological characteristics. Lower allowable physical loads and lower maximum allowable weights of objects to be carried or moved by women have been specified. In specifying the restrictions for women at the reproductive age it has been assumed that, when determining the maximum allowable concentrations of chemicals at workplaces, effects of those chemicals on the reproducibility and health state of the off spring were taken into consideration. However, for chemicals which, according to the present knowledge, show genotoxic, teratogenic, or reproduction-disturbing effects, employers will be obliged to inform the reproductive-age female employees about the risk involved, as well as to take steps to reduce, as far as possible, below MAC the concentrations of those chemicals in the ambient air at workplaces. The restrictions in the employment of the pregnant and lactating women are intended to ensure conditions enabling correct development of pregnancy and safe growth of the fetus and, subsequently, of the neonate. The restrictions relate to: physical effort--as this has been proved to affect the course and the outcome of pregnancy (increased abortion risk, reduced duration of pregnancy, reduced neonate weight); exposure to carcinogens--as there is evidence that carcinogens display genotoxic properties and are capable of permeating the placenta: exposure to agents which can disturb the course of pregnancy and damage the fetus or unfavourably affect health condition of the offspring even if the MAC and MAI values are not exceeded; exposure to biologic agents, evidently harmful to the fetus and to the condition of health of the progeny.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Identification of potential carcinogenic dyes and intermediates on the basis of their genotoxicity].

41 dyes, pigments and surface-active compounds were tested for mutagenic and genotoxic properties. It was found that 43% of the studied dyes of Polish make which belonged to the azo, triarylmethane and anthraquinone compounds were mutagenic or genotoxic. All the studied pigments and surface active compounds did not reveal potential carcinogenic activity except for NNO Dyspergator whose possible genotoxic activity needs confirmation in further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Correlation between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentration and airborne particle mutagenicity in the rubber factory.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the correlation between benzo[a]pyrene and coal tar pitch volatiles concentrations and mutagenic activity of airborne particles sampled at different workplaces of the factory producing various types of tires. The solid phase of aerosols was collected on Whatman glass-fibers filters using Staplex pumps. Coal tar pitch volatiles (CTPVs) were extracted from sample filters using ultrasonic-benzene extraction and determined by the gravimetric method. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) analysis was performed using high performance liquid chromatography with a spectrofluorimetric detector. The mutagenic substances were extracted from collected material with acetone. The mutagenic properties were estimated with the Ames' test using S. typhimurium strain TA98 without and with S9 fraction. At nearly all workplaces the concentrations of BaP and CTPVs were within the range of 4-61 ng/m3 and 0.11-1.26 mg/m3, respectively. Only at weighing were they much higher and amounted to 172-2261 ng/m3 for BaP and 3.05-4.07 mg/m3 for CTPVs. The highest exposure to mutagenic airborne particulate matter was found at weighing (1500 rev/m3), the mixers loading level (> 500 rev/m3) and the carbon black station (> 150 rev/m3). The air mutagenic activity at other workplaces, especially at the extruder mill of the mixer (> 90 rev/m3), the two-roll mill of mixers (> 70 rev/m3), mixer I loading (> 70 rev/m3), calendering (> 70 rev/m3) and fender vulcanizing (> 80 rev/m3) was even much more higher than that found in the urban indoor and outdoor air (2-9 rev/m3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

The effect of maternal exposure to dioxolane on prenatal and postnatal development in rats.

Female rats were given by gavage every other day from days 8-20 of gestation an aqueous solution of dioxolane at daily doses equal to 0.025, 0.1 and 0.2 LD50 (first series--prenatal development) or from days 2-20 of gestation at daily doses equal to 0.025, 0.075 and 0.15 LD50 (second series--postnatal development). At doses toxic or subtoxic to maternal rats (0.1 and 0.2 LD50) dioxolane did not cause increased embryo or fetus intrauterine death rates or congenital defects, it did cause, however, dose-related delays in fetal development. Dioxolane does not cause impairment of physical development or behavioral disturbances. Exposure to higher doses of the compound (0.2 LD50) leads to increased perinatal death rates in the offspring, without causing, however, disturbances in the maternal instinct. The exposure of pregnant rats to dioxolane decreased haemoglobin levels in 5-week-old offspring. At a dose 1.15 g/kg (0.2 LD50) the chemical significantly increased exploratory motor activity of female offspring at the age of 8 weeks, but did not affect significantly locomotor activity of males and the active avoidance acquisition of adult offspring.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Genotoxicity assessment of sulfosuccinate IO-5, Rokamid MRZ 17, Rokacet RZG7P2 and Roksol TL-7 using bacteria and bone marrow rodent cells.

Three short-term tests were used for evaluation of the genotoxic activity of four surface active agents. These were: Ames, Salmonella reversion assay using 4 tester strains (TA97a, TA98, TA100 and TA102), the micronucleus test int the bone marrow of Balb C mice and in vivo sister chromatid exchange (SCE) analysis in SFIS or Balb C mice. The frequency of micronucleated PCEs did not exceed the control values in mice of both sexes after intraperitoneal administration of all four compounds. Three preparations--Sulfosuccinate IO-5, Rokamid MRZ 17 and Rokacet RZG7P2 produced a negative response in Salmonella strains gene mutation assay and SCE induction test in mouse bone marrow cells. The Roksol TL-7 induced frameshift and base-pair substitution mutations in Salmonella tester strains both with and without S9 (prepared from the liver of rats which had been pretreated with Aroclor 1254). Evidently positive results (more than a twofold increase in the number of revertants per plate) were observed in tester strain S. typhimurium TA97a (with and without S9 metabolic activation) and S. typhimurium TA100 (with S9 metabolic activation) at a dose of 0.2 microliter Roksol TL-7 per plate. Roksol TL-7 caused slight increase in the SCE level in mouse bone marrow cells. A significant increase in SCE frequency was observed at doses of 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The role of testing DNA adducts and proteins in monitoring cancer risk].

This paper is a review of methods used for determination of adducts of chemicals or their metabolites with DNA of different cells or with blood proteins in humans and animals. Advantages and disadvantages of methods currently used have been discussed. The relationship between adducts formation and genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of chemicals has been shown. An attempt was made to indicate the usefulness of DNA or protein adducts monitoring in humans to detect their exposure to carcinogenic substances and to assess the risk of cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The effect of oral exposure to trioxane on the oestrous cycle in rats.

An aqueous solution of trioxane was administered by gavage to female rats, 5 days per week for 7 weeks, at doses of 0.19, 0.58 and 1.16 g/kg/day. A significant increase in the mean duration of the oestrous cycle, mainly due to lengthening of the dioestrus, was only noted in the 6th and 7th week of treatment in females given per os trioxane at a dose of 1.16 g/kg. Three weeks after cessation of treatment, no alterations of oestrous cycle were observed in all groups. Since a dose-related decrease in body weight gain was observed in females given trioxane by gavage at doses of 0.19-1.16 g/kg and trioxane-induced behavioral changes were seen in the 1.16 g/kg group, it was concluded that exposure to trioxane did not affect the sexual cycle unless other overt signs of trioxane toxicity were induced.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The relationship between exposure monitoring and health status in the occupational setting. An information system on exposure levels and occupational diseases.

The relationship between the level of occupational exposure to different noxious factors and the health consequences of these in exposed populations is discussed using cadmium, lead, carbon disulphide and vinyl chloride as examples of occupational pollutants. The legal status and organizational system of monitoring the exposure to occupational pollutants and health effects in Poland are presented. The scope and sources of data on the occupational exposure level as well as the register of occupational diseases are evaluated.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

Distribution and binding of 1, 3, 5 [U14C]-trioxane in maternal and fetal rats.

The tissue distribution and binding of 14C activity were studied at different time intervals following a single oral administration of 1,3,5[U14C]-trioxane (14C-TOX) (40 mg/kg: 1.6 MBq/kg) to pregnant rats. Animals were killed on the 21st day of gestation 3, 24, or 48 hours after administration of TOX. In maternal rats, 3 hours after administration, the highest levels of total radioactivity were found in the liver and plasma, followed by a slow, gradual decline with time. The level of 14C-activity in the whole fetus was comparable to that of the maternal kidney through the study. The radioactivity in the fetal kidney and liver at the end of 48 hours after single administration was higher than at 3 hours after administration. Slow decline in radioactivity was observed with time in the fetal brain, skin and carcass. However, after 48 hours the level of total radioactivity in the fetal kidney and brain was more than twice as high as in the corresponding maternal organs. Three hours following 14C-TOX administration 35-41% of the respective total 14C radioactivity in maternal liver and kidney was firmly bound to the macromolecules, while the fetal liver and kidney showed 100-72% binding with respect to their total radioactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Examination of the potential mutagenicity and genotoxicity of some synthetic dyes.

The study was designed to investigate mutagenic and genotoxic properties of six synthetic dyes (Acid Green M, Acid Brown ZMSz, Acid Brown MSzCz, Anionic Black M, Anionic Brown ZM, Anionic Deep Red SM) obtained from All-Union Cancer Research Centre (AUCRC) in Moscow. To study mutagenicity and genotoxicity two short-term tests--Salmonella/microsome test using four strains of Salmonella-typhimurium TA97a, TA98, TA 100, TA102 and micronuclear test on mice were performed. The bacterial test was carried out with and without S9 mix fraction. The micronuclear test was conducted on mice Balb C with doses equal to 40 and 80% LD50 for male and 80% for female mice. Two of the studied dyes (Acid Green M. Anionic Brown ZM) proved to be direct and one (Anionic Deep Dark SM) indirect mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome assay. None of the studied compounds revealed a gentoxic activity in the micronucleus test. However, it was found that four dyes (Acid Brown ZMSz, Acid Brown MSzCz, Anionic Brown ZM and Anionic Deep Red SM) cause a significant decrease in the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of mice, which means that at doses used in the experiment they are toxic to erythrocyte series cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of maternal exposure to trioxane on postnatal development in rats.

Female rats were given by gavage every other day from days 2 to 20 of gestation an aqueous solution of trioxane at daily doses equal to 0.025; 0.075 and 0.15 LD50 (0.19: 0.58 and 1.16 g/kg). Maternal exposure to trioxane at the highest dose resulted in death of most neonates a few days after birth. Viability and postnatal growth of the offspring of dams that were given 0.19 and 0.58 g/kg were not affected. Transitional depression of exploratory locomotor activity in female offspring and a decrease of active avoidance acquisition were observed in adult male and female offspring from the 0.58 g/kg group, whereas a dose of 0.19 g trioxane /kg did not affect the behavioral performance of progeny.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of exposure to genotoxicants in a foundry.

The mutagenicity of acetone extracts of airborne particles sampled during two seasons at different work sites in a foundry and of foundry workers' urine concentrates was determined by the Salmonella plate incorporation assay. In general, the ambient concentration of particles did not correlate with the air mutagenicity at different work sites. The considerable seasonal variation in the mass concentration of fumes and/or dust and in the airborne particles and air mutagenicity, was apparently related to changes in the intensity of work at some work sites. Because of confounding with smoking, urine mutagenicity was not found suitable for assessment of individual exposure, even though at a group level some correlation in mutagenicity was observed between the air at specific work sites and the workers' urine.

Acetone↗
PubMed1989

Mutagenicity of airborne particulates in the rubber industry.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the mutagenic activity of airborne particulate matter in the rubber industry. Air was sucked through Whatman glass-fibre filters with Staplex pumps and adsorbed substances and fume particles were extracted with acetone or toluene for 2 h in a ultrasonic cleaner. After separation of the insoluble solid phase by filtration, solvent was evaporated at a temperature of 70 degrees C in an argon atmosphere. The residue was stored at -20 degrees C. Mutagenicity was determined by the Salmonella plate incorporation assay with the tester strain TA98 and activity is related either to the weight of aerosol (rev mg-1) or to the volume of atmospheric sample (rev m-3). The fumes emitted from the tyre tread line, calender feeding, and tyre vulcanizing processes, showed the highest mutagenic activity (55-211 rev mg-1, + S9). At these and at other workplaces (extruder mill, carbon black station, mixer loading), mutagenic activity related to the volume of air was in the range of 22-158 rev m-3, + S9. The results indicate the need to reduce and monitor mutagenic contamination in order to increase the safety of work in the rubber industry.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1989

Exposure to mutagenic chemicals in foundry and urban environments.

The study was aimed at the estimation of occupational exposure to mutagenic substances in a piston-ring foundry. The following samples were examined: solid phase of aerosol from the foundry and from different places of urban environment together with the foundry workers' urine collected during the 8-hour shift. The mutagenic substances were extracted from the collected material with acetone or concentrated with XAD-2 resin. The mutagenic property was estimated with the Ames' test using S. typhimurium strain TA98 without and with S9 fraction. The highest mutagenic activity was found at the following work-posts: caster, moulder, steerer of an induction furnace, and smelter and in the office rooms and in the flat occupied by heavy smokers. The mutagenic activity of aerosol at some other productive workposts in the foundry was similar to the mutagenic activity of aerosol in the office and flat rooms occupied by nonsmokers or in the street in Lodz. The mutagenic activity of urine from foundry workers was not correlated with the level of the occupational inhalation exposure to the mutagenic substances, however, the mutagenic activity of urine from smoking workers was about 10-20 times higher than from nonsmokers.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1989

Mutagenic and genotoxic activity of chosen dyes and surface active compounds used in the textile industry.

This study was designed to investigate the mutagenic and genotoxic properties of ten dyes and four surface active compounds using Salmonella/microsome assay and the micronucleus test. Five of the investigated dyes (Acid Blue 7, Acid Green 16, Direct Black 19:1, Basic Red 22, Basic Orange 28) possessed mutagenic activity with regard to test strains of Salmonella. In addition, all of them increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice. Three other compounds (Acid Blue 62, Direct Yellow 12, Direct Red 81), which were not mutagenic in the Salmonella/microsome assay, were genotoxic in the micronucleus test. The other two dyes (Reactive Blue 13, Acid Red 213), as well as tested surface active compounds, did not exert mutagenic and genotoxic effects, and therefore, it is most probable that they do not have carcinogenic properties. Besides, it was noted that Acid Blue 62, Direct Black 19:1, Direct Red 81 and Basic Orange 28 cause a significant decrease in the ratio polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice, which means that, at the doses used in the experiment, they are toxic to the erythrocyte series cells of bone marrow. The other compounds under consideration have no such effect.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1988

Mutagenic activity of some textile dyes in different test systems.

The Salmonella/microsome mammalian test, the micronucleus and the dominant lethal tests on mice were used to study mutagenic effects of three dyes widely used in the textile industry. Direct Black 19:1, Direct Red 81 and Acid Blue 62 increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of mice. Out of all dyes tested, only Direct Black 19:1 appeared to be an indirect mutagen inducing reverse mutations in two strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 and TA 98. None of them produced dominant lethal mutations in germ cells of male mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of oral and inhalation exposure to cadmium on the oestrous cycle in rats.

Female rats were administered by gavage an aqueous solution of CdCl2 for 14 weeks, 5 days per week, at doses of 0.04, 0.4, 4 and 40 mg Cd/kg/day or exposed by inhalation to CdO for 20 weeks (5 h per days, 5 days per week) at concentrations of 0.02, 0.16 and 1 mg Cd/m3. A pronounced increase in the mean duration of the oestrous cycle mainly due to lengthening of dioestrus was noted already 6 weeks after treatment of females given per os 40 mg Cd/kg or exposed to a concentration of 1 mg Cd/m3. No changes in the mean duration of the oestrous cycle were found in other experimental groups, although in the 0.16 mg Cd/m3 group an increased percentage of females with oestrous cycles lasting over 6 days was shown 18 weeks after exposure. Since Cd-induced lethality and decrease in body weight gain were observed in females given by gavage 40 mg Cd/kg or exposed by inhalation to a concentration of 1 mg Cd/m3, it is concluded that exposure to cadmium does not affect the sexual cycle unless other overt signs of Cd-toxicity are induced.

Administration, Inhalation↗