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Biomedical subjects

B Bateman

Publications and source records attributed to B Bateman.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Appendiceal perforation in children diagnosed in a pediatric emergency department.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of appendiceal perforation (AP) among children with acute appendicitis (AA) and determine factors associated with AP. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Emergency department (ED) of Primary Children's Medical Center (PCMC). PATIENTS: 131 children less than 17 years of age with AA diagnosed in the PCMC ED. RESULTS: The overall rate of AP was 47%. One hundred eleven (85%) children with AA were correctly diagnosed on their first ED visit. Patients with AP had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower median age (8.0 vs 11.0 years), longer duration of illness (3.0 vs 1.4 days), greater incidence of vomiting and fever by history (91% vs 69% and 83% vs 58%, respectively), higher median temperatures (39.0 degrees vs 38.3 degrees C), and higher proportions of leukocyte (WBC) band forms (14% vs 5%). Patients with AP did not differ from those without AP with respect to total WBC count, hour of arrival, or number of ED visits. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of AP among pediatric patients with AA is greater among younger children and is associated with vomiting, prolonged illness, and higher body temperatures. Unexpectedly, patients with AP did not have higher total WBC values, more frequent late night arrivals, a longer time interval prior to surgery, or more ED visits prior to diagnosis. These findings suggest that efforts to decrease the rate of AP should be directed toward heightening awareness among primary care physicians regarding the high rate of AP in children, with an emphasis on early ED and surgical referral.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1999

Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the evolution of specialization in anemonefishes.

Anemonefishes (genera: Amphiprion and Premnas; family Pomacentridae) are a group of 28 species of coral reef fishes that are found in obligate symbiosis with large tropical sea anemones. A phylogenetic hypothesis based on morphological analyses of this group suggests that the ancestral anemonefish was a generalist with similar morphology to other pomacentrids, and that it gave rise to other anemonefish species that were more specialized for living with particular species of host anemones. To test this hypothesis we constructed a molecular phylogeny for the anemonefishes by sequencing 1140 base pairs of the cytochrome b gene and 522 base pairs of the 16S rRNA gene for six species of anemonefishes (representatives of all subgenera and species complexes) and two other pomacentrid species. Three methods of phylogenetic analysis all strongly supported the conclusion that anemonefishes are a monophyletic group. The molecular phylogeny differs from the tree based on morphological data in that the two species of specialized anemonefishes (Premnas biaculeatus and Amphiprion ocellaris) were assigned to a basal position within the clade, and the extreme host generalist (Amphiprion clarkii) to a more derived position. Thus, the initial anemonefish ancestors were probably host specialists and subsequent speciation events led to a combination of generalist and specialist groups. Further phylogenetic studies of additional anemonefish species are required to substantiate this hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Differentiating illness and disease. A dilemma for GPs.

Some patients come to the doctor with multiple symptoms but no discernible illness. Others have florid 'blue chip' diseases, but are either asymptomatic, or present with symptoms that are nothing to do with the disease. This creates a confusing situation that can adversely affect patient care. Resolving this dilemma is (yet another) big challenge for GPs.

Diagnosis↗
PubMed1994

Progression of retinal nerve fiber myelination in childhood.

Myelination of the visual pathway has been demonstrated to occur by as early as 32 weeks of gestation and continues for several years into early childhood. In most cases, the process of myelination does not extend beyond the lamina cribrosa. We studied a boy with progressive myelination that extended beyond the lamina cribrosa to the retinal nerve fibers. Ocular examination at 15 months of age disclosed myelinated optic nerve fibers of the right eye. We repeated examination every two to six months and found progression of the extent and density of the myelinated nerve fibers. Despite the marked myelination, the patient did not experience a decrease in visual acuity.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1994

Copper deficiency secondary to a copper transport defect: a new copper metabolic disturbance.

We describe a 21-year-old man who developed copper deficiency manifested as a demyelinating neuropathy, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, osteoporosis, testicular failure, retinal degeneration, and cardiomyopathy with a tortuous aorta. His serum copper was low and did not increase despite administration of large doses of intravenous copper sulfate. The ceruloplasmin level as measured by an antibody technique was normal, yet ceruloplasmin (Cp) oxidase activity was very low. The Cp amino acid sequence was normal. This suggests that the copper deficiency was caused by a defect in hepatic processing of copper for incorporation into Cp.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of the stimulated menstrual cycle by magnetic resonance imaging.

Changes in uterine zonal anatomy in six women during a cycle of treatment with clomiphene citrate is studied by magnetic resonance imaging. There was a rapid rate of increase in endometrial thickness during the periovulatory period that was similar to the pattern seen in a prior study of women with normal (nonstimulated) cycles. Junctional zone thickness did not parallel the endometrial pattern and differed from the response seen in nonstimulated cycles. Results of large scale studies may help to further understand the effects of these medications.

Adult↗