PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Bates

Publications and source records attributed to B Bates.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Biosynthesis of human fibroblast growth factor-5.

We have analyzed the biosynthesis of human fibroblast growth factor-5 (FGF-5) at the translational and posttranslational levels. FGF-5 RNA synthesized in vitro can be translated in rabbit reticulocyte lysates to yield a 29,500-Da protein, which is consistent with the molecular weight predicted from the coding sequence. The efficiency of FGF-5 translation is dramatically enhanced if an upstream open reading frame (ORF-1) in the RNA is deleted or if both AUG codons in ORF-1 are destroyed by point mutations, while partial enhancement is achieved by individual mutation of either ORF-1 AUG codon. These data suggest that FGF-5 synthesis requires the scanning of ribosomes past the two ORF-1 AUG codons. The introduction of these ORF-1 mutations into a eukaryotic FGF-5 expression vector increases its capacity to transform mouse NIH 3T3 cells up to 50-fold upon transfection. FGF-5 is secreted from transfected 3T3 cells and from human tumor cells as glycoproteins containing heterogeneous amounts of sialic acid. Glycosidase treatments suggest that the growth factor bears both N-linked and O-linked sugars.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Fibroblast growth factor 5 proto-oncogene is expressed in normal human fibroblasts and induced by serum growth factors.

Fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF-5) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family with transforming potential. It has been found to be expressed in several human tumor cell lines, but nothing is known about expression of this growth factor in normal cells and its biological functions. Here we show that the FGF-5 gene is expressed in exponentially growing normal human fibroblasts. In quiescent fibroblasts, expression of FGF-5 is strongly induced by serum and several growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha). This induction can be mediated by at least two different pathways involving protein kinase C or cAMP-dependent kinases. Since the effect is independent of de novo protein synthesis, FGF-5 represents the product of a primary response gene. In addition our data suggest that FGF-5 is mitogenic for human fibroblasts, indicating the existence of an FGF-5-mediated positive feedback in these cells which could amplify and prolong the cellular response to the initial stimulus.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The human FGF-5 oncogene encodes a novel protein related to fibroblast growth factors.

We previously described the isolation of a human oncogene which had acquired transforming potential by a DNA rearrangement accompanying transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with human tumor DNA (X. Zhan, A. Culpepper, M. Reddy, J. Loveless, and M. Goldfarb, Oncogene 1:369-376, 1987). We now term this oncogene the FGF-5 gene, since it specifies the fifth documented protein related to fibroblast growth factors (FGFs. Two regions of the FGF-5 sequence, containing 122 of its 267 amino acid residues, were 40 to 50% homologous to the sequences of acidic and basic FGFs as well as to the sequences of the FGF-related oncoproteins int-2 and hst/KS3. The FGF-5 gene bears the three exon structures typical for members of this family. FGF-5 was found to be expressed in the neonatal brain and in 3 of the 13 human tumor cell lines examined. Several experiments strongly suggested that FGF-5 is a growth factor with properties common to those of acidic and basic FGFs. The rearrangement which activated the FGF-5 gene during DNA transfection had juxtaposed a retrovirus transcriptional enhancer just upstream from the native promoter of the gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Humanistic approaches to the understanding and treatment of anorexia nervosa.

Research and treatment approaches to anorexia nervosa are primarily based on behaviourist psychology. This review summarizes some attempts to understand the causes and consequent treatments of the condition from the viewpoints of psychoanalytically informed, family, existential and feminist psychology. These perspectives, which focus on the individual experience of the anorexic, leave many questions unanswered, but provide fresh frameworks from which to investigate and treat the condition.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1987

Physiological responses of triathletes to maximal swimming, cycling, and running.

The objectives of this study were to: (a) develop a physiological profile for a group of trained triathletes and (b) determine whether multiple modes of training result in general or specific adaptations. VO2max of 13 trained triathletes (mean = 29.5 yr) was measured during treadmill running (TR), cycle ergometry (CE), and tethered swimming (TS) over a 6-wk period encompassing a half-triathlon (1.2 mile swim/56 mile bike/13.1 mile run). Most subjects performed two tests in each mode. Since test-retest reliability coefficients for TR, CE, and TS VO2max were 0.97, 0.93, and 0.97, respectively, results were averaged: formula; see text The mean TR VO2max indicated that the subjects were well-trained, but not of elite caliber. Mean CE VO2max was 95.7% of the TR value, which is greater than the value typically found in non-cyclists (88 to 92%) but less than that of highly trained cyclists (98 to 105%). Mean TS VO2max was 86.6% of the TR value. As in cyclists, this percentage is greater than that of recreational swimmers (78 to 82%) but less than that of elite swimmers (93 to 95%). Running and cycling times in the triathlon were significantly (P less than 0.01) related to the corresponding VO2max values (r = -0.68 and r = -0.78, respectively), but swimming times were not (r = -0.50). It is concluded that these triathletes were well-trained in all events, but not to the same extent as athletes who train in only one sport. Running and cycling performance were associated with VO2max.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Anorexia nervosa: aetiological theories and treatment methods.

There is a rapidly developing but confusing body of research on anorexia nervosa. For the non-specialist, trends in research are obscured by a diversity of definitions and variations in the proposed locus of pathology: the individual, the family or the socio-cultural environment. While anorexia is a disorder which particularly needs research from a wide range of perspectives, it is vital that the different trends are frequently reviewed and, in the treatment process, integrated. This review summarizes the most significant developments in research on anorexia, and serves as an overview for clinicians wishing to consult the literature selectivity and in more depth.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1975

Physician and nurse practitioner: conflict and reward.

Physicians and the nurse practitioners with whom they work face a number of conflicts. Conflicts develop within the individuals as they change their professional self-images. Each doctor-nurse team must develop new ways of working together and must do so against a background of long-standing professional territoriality. Comparable struggles are felt within schools and hospitals. Although governments have supported nurse practitioner programs, they have not yet enacted the fiscal and legal changes to make the role fully viable. Despite these struggles many physicians and nurses have achieved definite rewards. Research is beginning to document important successes, and educational programs are graduating significant numbers of practitioners.

Conflict, Psychological↗