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Biomedical subjects

B Bernspång

Publications and source records attributed to B Bernspång.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Validity of a performance assessment of activities of daily living for people with developmental disabilities.

BACKGROUND: Since clients with different types of developmental disabilities often experience difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL), it is critical that assessments of ADL are evaluated in order to ensure that one can make valid judgements based on the results of the appraisal. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the validity of a specific performance assessment instrument, the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), when used by occupational therapists with clients with developmental disabilities. Unlike global ADL assessments, the AMPS is used not only to evaluate the level of ADL dependence, but also to estimate the quality of each specific action performed when a person is performing ADL tasks. METHODS: Data were gathered from 1724 participants with different developmental disabilities, including intellectual disability (ID), cerebral palsy and spina bifida. Many-Facet Rasch (MFR) analysis was used to examine person-response validity, and task and item scale validity. RESULTS: Goodness-of-fit statistics showed that the tasks and items had acceptable scale validity. The participants had acceptable person-response validity on the ADL motor scale, but had slightly lower than expected levels of person-response validity on the ADL process scale. The results indicate that clients with more severe forms of ID may have a higher proportion of different performance profiles in ADL than is expected by the MFR model of the AMPS. Since the proportion of participants who did not meet the criteria was only 3% lower than expected and in accordance with other studies, the difference may not be clinically meaningful. Otherwise, the results indicated that the AMPS is a valid tool when used with clients with developmental disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed to evaluate the use of the AMPS in clinical assessment and intervention planning for this group of clients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2001

Predicting return to work after brain injury using occupational therapy assessments.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of occupational therapy assessments used in an outreach rehabilitation programme to predict return to work after brain injury. The assessments represent the ICIDH-2 levels of body function and activity. METHOD: Fifty-six persons in a late phase after brain injury who had been admitted to the rehabilitation programme during 2 years were followed up according to work status. The follow up was made at a minimum of 2 years after injury. Demographic data and scores from the occupational therapy assessments were compared for the two groups who were back to work or studies (BTW) and not back to work or studies (NBTW). RESULTS: Assessments of memory, visual perception and apraxia separated between the two groups BTW and NBTW. Logistic regression showed that memory score in combination with data on PADL made up the best predictive model. In a subgroup with 21 persons where data on IADL were added to memory and PADL the predictive value was even stronger. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we found that occupational therapy assessments were valuable in predicting failure to return to work or studies after brain injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Differences between persons with right or left cerebral vascular accident on the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills.

OBJECTIVE: Persons with right and left cerebral vascular accident (RCVA and LCVA) differ in terms of discrete impairments, but there is limited information with regard to how such impairments translate into differences in disability. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) persons with stroke have lower instrumental or domestic activities of daily living (IADL) ability than do matched nondisabled controls, (2) persons with RCVA do not differ from persons with LCVA in IADL ability, and (3) persons with RCVA and LCVA differ in specific motor and process skills that affect IADL performance. DESIGN: Descriptive comparison. SETTING: Subjects were tested in settings where rehabilitation services were received (home or clinic). SUBJECTS: 71 persons with RCVA, 76 persons with LCVA, and 83 community-living nondisabled individuals drawn from the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) database, matched for age, gender, and number of tasks performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: AMPS, designed to measure type and severity of impairments manifested in the context of IADL performance. The AMPS was administered to all subjects in accordance with standardized testing procedures. RESULTS: The two stroke groups did not differ significantly in IADL ability, but both stroke groups had significantly lower IADL performance than did the nondisabled subjects. On the AMPS motor scale, persons with RCVA demonstrated greater impairment in pacing, transporting, and coordinating two body parts. Persons with LCVA demonstrated greater impairments in calibrating movements. No differences were found between the two groups in AMPS process skills. CONCLUSIONS: Persons with RCVA and LCVA have hemisphere-specific differences in motor impairments, but do not differ significantly in IADL ability.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

Comparing motor and process ability of persons with suspected dementia in home and clinic settings.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluating functional level of persons with diagnosed or suspected dementia is an important part of occupational therapy. The importance of the environment is often highlighted. We investigated the ability of clients with suspected dementia to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in the clinic versus in their homes. METHOD: We used the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) to measure the motor and process skill ability of 19 clients with suspected dementia. RESULTS: Using two-tailed paired t-tests, we found no overall difference in IADL motor or process performance between the clinic and home setting. However, of the 19 clients, 6 had motor ability measures, whereas 5 had process ability measures that differed significantly between the two settings. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that if we want to know how a person with suspected dementia performs in IADLs in a specific environment we should test him or her in that environment.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

[Perceptual impairment].

After a brain injury, whether traumatic or caused by a stroke, perceptual impairments are common. They are, however, only seldom revealed by a routine physical examination. In this article, the many manifestations of perceptual impairment and tests for perceptual function are briefly presented. It appears that perceptual deficits contribute largely to reduced self-care ability in patients with brain lesions. An effective training program for perceptual deficits remains to be developed.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1988

Life satisfaction in long-term survivors after stroke.

Different aspects of the quality of life before and after stroke were registered for 62 communicable, representative long-term (4-6 years) survivors, who reported the global and domain specific life satisfaction that they experienced (7 items, 6 graded-ordinal scales). Reference subjects were 60 healthy individuals in two age cohorts (60-61 years, n = 34; 79-81 years, n = 26) none of whom had been hospitalized during the last seven years prior to the investigation. The main finding is that, after the stroke, at least one aspect of the quality of life had decreased for 61% of them; this concerned global, sexual and leisure satisfaction mainly. Moreover, persisting motor impairment and ADL-disability had a negative effect on several aspects of life satisfaction. As nearly 30% of the non-impaired and the non-disabled interviewees reported decreased global life satisfaction, these changes indicate that they do not cope psychosocially with the stroke as such nor with its sequelae. In contrast, the levels of life satisfaction were similar for the 60-61 and 79-81 year-old interviewees, clinically healthy respondents, indicating stability in the quality of life that they experienced from late middle age into senectitude. For the patients, social integration estimated normatively did not covariate significantly with post-stroke satisfaction derived from social relationships.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Motor and perceptual impairments in acute stroke patients: effects on self-care ability.

The relative importance of motor, perceptual, and some cognitive functions for self-care ability was analyzed in a representative sample of 109 subjects within 2 weeks of acute stroke. Forty-nine patients (45%) were dependent or partly dependent in self-care. Profound motor dysfunction was present in 39%, low-order perceptual deficits in 10%, high-order perceptual deficits in 60%, and disorientation in time and space in 13% of the patients. There was a significant covariation between motor function and self-care ability and between low-order perception and orientation function. Low-order and high-order perception covaried only weakly. Discriminant analyses showed that the actual level of self-care proficiency could be correctly predicted in 70% of the cases by the 4 indexes of motor function, low-order perception, high-order perception, and orientation. The dominating predictor was motor function, and the next highest was high-order perception. When a program for early training is designed with the aim to alleviate long-term self-care disability after stroke, correct assessment of motor and perceptual functions in the individual stroke patient is essential.

Activities of Daily Living↗