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Biomedical subjects

B Bharadwaj

Publications and source records attributed to B Bharadwaj.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Cardiac intracellular and blood electrolytes in chronic mitral insufficiency.

A study of the alterations in the intracellular electrolytes in the left failing heart due to induced mitral insufficiency was made in dogs. The extracellular space increased significantly. There was no significant change in the plasma Na+ and Ca++. However, there was a significant decrease in the plasma K+. The ratio of wet weight to dry weight increased during mitral insufficiency, although not significantly. There were no significant changes in the tissue Na+, K+ and Ca++. However, there were significant decreases in the intracellular Na+ and Ca++, and tendency for an increase in the intracellular K+ during mitral insufficiency. These results suggest that the decrease in the myocardial contractility in chronic heart failure due to mitral insufficiency might be due to a decrease in the intracellular Ca++ and associated changes in Na+ and K+ as a result of increased sarcolemmal ATPase.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition and enhancement of platelet aggregation by collagen derivatives.

Rat tail tendon tropocollagen rapidly caused the aggregation of blood platelets coincident with collagen multimerization. Several long-chain alkyl derivatives of collagen, however, were completely unable to induce platelet aggregation even at unusually high concentrations. These collagen derivatives varied in their polymerization properties , and the polymerization of tropocollagen derivatives was shown not necessarily to be a prerequisite for platelet aggregation. These collagen derivatives may enhance the antithrombogenic properties of collagenbased prosthese. A short-chain derivative, collagen-glycine ethyl ester, profoundly enhanced platelet aggregation in the absence of any measurable polymerization. This derivative may be useful as a growth-promoting burn dressing.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Leriche's syndrome.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1975

The fate of autologous fascia lata grafts in dogs.

The fate of tricuspid fascia lata valves and intracardiac grafts was studied morphologically, histologically, and biochemically in dogs. Severe degenerative changes occurring by 21 days were largely correlated with graft thickening due to gross endothelialization. A primary event in graft alteration was an initial loss of the indigenous fibroblast population as detected both microscopically and by autoradiography after pulse labeling with 14C-Nethylmaleimide. Using different isotopic labeling procedures, both the in vivo and in vitro graft degradation patterns demonstrated that a second early eft degradation was correlated in vivo with endothelialization and collagenase secretion by invasive cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Biochemical modifications of fascia lata for autologous valve replacement.

The biochemistry of canine fascia lata was studied to assess the feasibility of tissue modification with a variety of cross-linking reagents and growth inhibitors in order to provide a more suitable material for heart valves. Chemical determinants for maximal reactivity were consequently established for several growth inhibitors, of which the hydrophobic ligands difluorodinitrobenzene, octadecylamine, and oleylamine were the most effective in preventing invasive cellular growth. This enhanced the longevity of atrial grafts in dogs as judged from morphological and histological examination of excised grafts.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1972

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery: the effects of aortocoronary vein bypass on left ventricular function.

The diagnosis, angiographic evaluation and surgical treatment by aortocoronary vein bypass are described in a 3(1/2)-year-old girl with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. The anomaly had resulted in cardiac dilatation, diminished left ventricular contractility, an aneurysm of the left ventricular free wall and mitral regurgitation.At the postoperative cardiac catheterization the graft was demonstrated to be patent, but a significant proportion of the flow to the left coronary artery was derived from anastomotic connections with the right coronary artery. The most striking evidence of improvement was obtained from the left ventricular volume studies which showed that the end systoiic volume had decreased from 85 to 49 ml./m.(2) with an increase in ejection fraction from 0.39 to 0.62, suggesting enhanced left ventricular contractility after surgery.The patient continues to do well and is free from symptoms.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complex transposition with interrupted right aortic arch and partial Di George syndrome: successful palliation with combined medical and surgical therapy.

A five-day-old infant with transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, and an interrupted right aortic arch underwent successful balloon septostomy, pulmonary artery banding, and aortic arch repair. The infant also had abnormal facies with severe refractory hypocalcemia and depressed T-lymphocyte number and function believed to represent a partial Di George syndrome. The hypocalcemia resolved following treatment with a vitamin-D analogue, T-cell number increased, and T-cell function improved, but both remained subnormal.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of left atrial appendage aneurysm.

Intrapericardial left atrial appendage aneurysm is rare. We describe the transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic findings in a 42-year-old man with atrial arrhythmia and an abnormal left atrial appendage on chest roentgenogram. Presence of an intrapericardial left atrial appendage aneurysm was confirmed at surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiac tamponade by loculated pericardial hematoma following open heart surgery: diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiography.

Loculated pericardial hematoma following open heart surgery may cause significant hemodynamic compromise. Recognition of this entity may be delayed because of the absence of the classical signs of cardiac tamponade. A 54-year-old woman is described in whom transesophageal echocardiography allowed rapid diagnosis of right atrial compression by a pericardial hematoma, following mitral valve replacement. Transesophageal echocardiography should be considered for the detection of posterior loculated pericardial hematoma in the hypotensive cardiac surgical patient with a suboptimal transthoracic echocardiogram.

Cardiac Tamponade↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in a neonatal intensive care setting is safe and cost effective.

The physiological and biochemical status of two groups of neonates with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) requiring surgical ligation were compared. One group (n = 14) had ductus ligation in the operating room (OR) and the other group (n = 14) had the same operation in an isolation room in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The groups were closely matched in terms of gestational age and weight. Nursing time and disposable equipment savings were significantly different. We have confirmed that PDA ligation can be done safely in the NICU and is more cost efficient than ligation in the OR.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanism of cardiac contracture during anoxic arrest using cardiopulmonary by-pass.

Cardiac contracture during anoxic cardiac arrest might result from a reduction in the adenosine triphosphate or from an accumulation of cytoplasmic calcium. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that the accumulation of cytoplasmic calcium is a factor in the anoxic myocardial contracture in a setting similar to that used during cardiac surgery, using cardiopulmonary bypass. Anoxic cardiac arrest was produced for 30 and 60 minutes in 7 dogs each, by clamping the ascending aorta, using cardiopulmonary bypass. At the end of anoxic period, aorta was declamped for reperfusion of the heart for 30 minutes of termination of anoxic cardiac arrest. Total tissue and intracellular electrolytes were determined before and at various intervals (0, 5, 15, 30 minutes) after termination of anoxic cardiac arrest. Thirty minutes of anoxic cardiac arrest produced a significant decrease in the mean aortic and left ventricular systolic pressures, and left ventricular dp/dt/IIP; and a significant increase in the cardiac index. Total tissue and intracellular Na, Ca, and K did not change significantly at the end of 30 minutes of anoxia and during 30 minutes of reperfusion. Anoxic arrest for 60 minutes resulted in cardiac contracture in all dogs. The total and intracellular Ca decreased significantly at the end of 60 minutes of anoxia and during 30 minutes of reperfusion. Total tissue and intracellular Na, although, did not change during anoxic arrest, it increased significantly at 15 and 30 minutes of reperfusion. Cardiac potassium did not change significantly during the whole period of experiment. These studies suggest that total and intracellular calcium did not increase above the control values during anoxic myocardial contracture in a setting similar to that used during cardiac surgery, using cardiopulmonary bypass.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E2 on wound healing in rats.

This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind experimental study to assess the effect of a long-acting prostaglandin (PG) analogue on wound healing in rats. Eight-cm long, dorsal midline skin incisions were made on rats (n = 44) and immediately resutured. The treatment group (n = 22) received daily intraperitoneal injections of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2-methyl ester (di-MPGE2) for 7 days, whereas the controls (n = 22) received normal saline. The rats were sacrificed in groups of 11 at 7 and 14 days, respectively. The wounds were excised and analyzed. Histology showed that there was increased fibrosis (p < 0.03) and a decreased number of macrophages (p < 0.02) in the PG group at 7 days. Tensile strength and hydroxyproline content also increased but did not attain significant levels. The differences between the PG and control groups at 14 days similarly did not attain statistical significance. The results suggest that in wound healing, the administration of di-MPGE2 may be beneficial during the early stages of inflammation, rather than during the later stages of remodelling.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗