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Biomedical subjects

B Bogokowsky

Publications and source records attributed to B Bogokowsky.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Re-emergence of meningococcal carriage on three-year follow-up of a kibbutz population after whole-community chemoprophylaxis.

A long-term study was conducted to determine the rate of re-emergence of throat carriage of meningococci in a semi-closed kibbutz community after the administration of chemoprophylaxis to all its members. Serotype B:4 was selected as marker organism since it was isolated from a fatal case and was the most frequently occurring strain (80%) among serogroup B isolates, which themselves comprised 54% of all meningococci. The carriage rate among Israeli residents (volunteer workers were analyzed separately) before treatment was 6.6% (49/748) overall, with 4.3% group B strains. Three weeks after treatment, in most cases with rifampicin (whereby three persistently positive persons were retreated with minocycline), no meningococci were recovered. Six months later, 1.9% of a population sample aged < or = 30 years were positive, while before treatment and one and three years later, 9.4%, 8.6% and 4.6% respectively were positive in this age group. Serotype B:4 comprised 81.3% of group B strains before prophylaxis, 5.3% after one year, and 28.6% after three years, thus possibly re-establishing itself as the single dominant serotype. The marked suppression of carriage after mass chemoprophylaxis appeared to last at least six months, with the meningococcal population being re-established within a year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Forty years of meningococcal disease in Israel: 1951-1990.

Meningococcal disease accounts for approximately 20% of cases of bacterial meningitis in Israel. During the period 1951-1990, the annual incidence of meningococcal disease rarely exceeded two cases per 100,000 persons and was generally higher among non-Jews (largely the Arab population) than among Jews; there were some notable peaks of disease activity during 1963-1967, 1975, and 1987-1988. The highest incidence was among infants and young children, with a slight male predominance. The main period of disease activity was from January to April, but an unusual secondary peak in July coincided with the onset of peak summer temperatures. Monthly disease frequencies were significantly correlated with relative humidity. Incidence rates varied between regions and were lower in cities than in smaller settlements. Overall case-fatality rates decreased to approximately 11% for the period 1981-1990. Outbreaks were infrequent and tended to be small. Meningococci of serogroup B have dominated since the mid-1970s. Group A meningococci were isolated significantly more commonly from Arabs (26.26%) than from Jews (1.03%; P < .000001). The frequency with which group A organisms occurred among clinical isolates appeared to follow a more or less cyclical pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Alternating rifampicin and ceftriaxone for Neisseria meningitidis eradication in contacts].

Following the occurrence of a case of meningococcal disease in a kibbutz, extensive preventive measures were instituted, consisting of alternate courses of rifampicin (10 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days) and ceftriaxone (single IM injection of 125 mg). Throughout the observation period Neisseria meningitidis was absent from oropharyngeal secretions of all those treated, but was found in those of an untreated control group. The alternate use of rifampicin and ceftriaxone should be considered for the long-term prevention of the occurrence of oropharyngeal carriers of Neisseria meningitidis.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1990

Rapid screening of urine for bacteria and cells by using a catalase reagent.

Five hundred urine samples were tested for cells and bacteria by using a commercial dipstick, a catalase screening device, standard culturing, and chamber counts. The sensitivities of the catalase test were 83% for all samples and 97.6% for specimens containing significant numbers of leukocytes and bacteria. The catalase screening test is simple to perform and should prove useful for the detection of urinary tract infections.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1989

Branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in non-immunocompromised pediatric patients: report of three cases and review of the literature.

Branhamella catarrhalis (B.c.) is found as a commensal in the upper respiratory tract of a healthy individual. We report three pediatric patients with bronchopneumonia allegedly caused by B. catarrhalis. All of them were intubated and on a mechanical ventilation (following either elective surgery or trauma) while the infection developed. Although B. catarrhalis has been thought to be penicillin sensitive, an increased frequency of beta-lactamase producing B. catarrhalis has been noted recently. beta-lactamase positive B. catarrhalis is uniformly resistant to ampicillin and its susceptibility to the cephalosporins is quite variable. All the isolated strains were found susceptible to vancomycin. The three patients improved while being on therapy with vancomycin and peripheral airway cultures became sterile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Life-threatening cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent infants.

Cryptosporidium infection in immunocompetent patients has been described as a mild self-limiting diarrhoea. We describe two immunocompetent infants presented with life-threatening protracted diarrhoea. These two cases expand on the clinical spectrum of cryptosporidiosis in normal hosts.

Cryptosporidiosis↗
PubMed1983

Sterilization of MacConkey agar and CLED medium by gamma-radiation.

MacConkey agar and Cystine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficient (CLED) agar, media widely used in the bacteriological laboratory and recommended for the detection of urinary tract infections, were sterilized by gamma-radiation at a dose of 1.5 Mrad. Both were modified and adapted to radiation sterilization by adding sodium thioglycollate as a radioprotectant, and by increasing their indicator content. The media performed well when tested with different Enterobacteria and other micro-organisms. Growth and change of indicator reaction were equal in irradiated and autoclaved culture media. Culture media were also evaluated after storage for one month at room temperature and at 4 degrees C and compared well with freshly autoclaved media.

Agar↗
PubMed1983

Prophylactic antimicrobial treatment in transurethral prostatectomy. How long should it be instituted?

Eighty-one patients with proved preoperative sterile urine and undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate were studied. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group A received sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (ST) preoperatively and postoperatively for ten days; group B received ST in 2 divided doses, one pre- and one postoperatively; group C received no prophylaxis. In groups A and B, we found urinary infection in 3.8 per cent of patients compared with 32 per cent in group C. Performing prostatic chip cultures, we found that most urinary infections were unrelated to a prostatic source. When the prostate was infected, 75 per cent had infected urine postoperatively. We believe that prophylactic antimicrobial treatment should be given to all patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy. However, it seems that immediate perioperative treatment suffices.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Urinary infections following transurethral resection of bladder tumors--rate and source.

The incidence of urinary infection and its source after transurethral resection of bladder tumors were investigated. Patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy constituted the control group. All patients had proved preoperative sterile urine and did not receive any antimicrobial treatment. The incidence of urinary infection following transurethral resection of bladder tumors was 19.4 per cent, with an incidence of positive tumor chip cultures of 3.2 per cent. The incidence of urinary infection after transurethral prostatectomy was 32 per cent, with an incidence of positive prostate chip cultures of 8 per cent. We concluded that the source of urinary infection following transurethral resection of bladder tumors and transurethral prostatectomy in most cases is not from within the tissue but rather from perioperative manipulations.

Humans↗