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Biomedical subjects

B Bonet Serra

Publications and source records attributed to B Bonet Serra.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Coronary angiography with multislice computed tomography].

Echocardiography allows visualization of the origin of the coronary arteries and their proximal trajectory but evaluation of the middle and distal portions of these vessels is limited. Invasive coronary angiography is currently the procedure of choice to evaluate coronary anatomy. New imaging techniques have recently been developed that allow coronary structures to be visualized. One of these techniques is multislice or multidetector computed tomography (MSCT) which provides a static image of the final distribution of contrast in the vascular tree. We report a patient in whom a differential diagnosis between myopericarditis and myocardial ischemia was being considered. MSCT coronary angiography allowed the coronary tree to be visualized and anomalies in this location to be ruled out. The main limitations of MSCT coronary angiography in children are elevated cardiac frequency, making high quality images difficult to obtain, and irradiation. Although the use of MSCT coronary angiography to evaluate coronary arteries in the pediatric population currently presents considerable limitations, this procedure can be useful in selected children with suspected congenital anomalies, aneurysms or coronary fistulas who are not considered suitable candidates for conventional invasive coronary angiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[The cannabinoid system and its importance in the perinatal period].

The cannabinoid system has been recently described, including the endogenous ligands, mainly arachidonic acid derivatives, and their specific receptors. Endocannabinoids are involved in the modulation of synaptic transmission, through which they exert their psychoactive, motor and antinociceptive effects, among others; they also exert extraneural effects, mainly immunomodulation and vasodilation. Recent data suggest that the cannabinoid system might play an important role in human ontogeny and could participate in the implantation and early development of the embryo, in fetal brain development, and in the beginning of breast feeding after birth. In addition, the vasodilatory effect of cannabinoids, together with inhibition of the release of excitotoxic amino acids and cytokines, as well as modulation of oxidative stress and the toxic production of nitric oxide, justify the growing evidence pointing to a possible neuroprotective effect of cannabinoids in perinatal asphyxia.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2004

[Metabolic alterations related to syndrome X and low vitamin E levels in obese children with acanthosis nigricans].

BACKGROUND: In adults, both metabolic alterations related to syndrome X and lower plasma vitamin E levels have been associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES: To study the presence of metabolic alterations related to syndrome X and to determine the plasma levels of vitamin E in obese children with acanthosis nigricans. METHODS: We performed a prospective study in 42 obese children [15 with acanthosis nigricans (AN) and 27 without]. Thirteen healthy non-obese children were also studied. After a 12-hour fast, plasma levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and vitamin E were determined. The insulin resistance index was also calculated. Differences between groups were determined using ANOVA. RESULTS: Obese children with AN showed higher plasma levels of insulin and triglycerides and lower plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol and vitamin E, as well as a higher insulin resistance index than non-obese children and obese children without AN. CONCLUSIONS: In obese children, the presence of acanthosis nigricans is linked to a group of metabolic alterations associated with a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed2003

[Presence of genu valgum in obese children: cause or effect?].

BACKGROUND: Changes in body configuration that may affect the physical activity may play a role in the caloric consumption and led to the development of obesity. OBJECTIVES: To determine the presence of genu valgum, an alteration that may decrease physical activity and caloric expenditure, in overweight children. METHODS: Thirty-five overweight children without any endocrinological alterations that could lead to obesity were studied. Twenty-nine non-overweight children of a similar age were studied as a control group. In all children weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were studied, and intermalleolar distance was used to measure the degree of genu valgum. The differences between groups were studied using ANOVA and the correlation between variables was determined using Pearson's correlation. RESULTS: BMI was higher in overweight children than in the control group. Intermalleolar distance was greater in overweight children than in the non-overweight group (11.0 0.6 vs 2.90 0.43; p < 0.001). A positive correlation between the intermalleolar distance and the BMI was observed in the overweight group (p < 0.009). Fifty percent of the overweight children showed an intermalleolar distance of more than 10 cm, a value considered abnormal. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of genu valgum is much higher in overweight children than in non-overweight children of the same age. This alteration may lead to decreased physical activity and lead to obesity.

Child↗
PubMed2001

[Precocious puberty and pituitary incidentaloma].

The case of an 9-year-old girl with precocious puberty and a non-functioning pituitary adenoma is described. A review of the literature on the incidence, evolution and therapeutic options of pituitary incidentalomas in children and adults is performed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

[Primary hyperlipidemia in children and adolescents: effects of dietary and pharmacological intervention].

A retrospective study was performed on children with hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia referred to the Endocrine Clinic of the Niño Jesús University Hospital over a period of 5 years. One hundred twenty-seven children, from 2 to 16 years of age, were followed. The subjects were classified into the following groups: 90 with primary hyperlipidemia [55 polygenic hypercholesterolemia (PH), 23 familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and 12 with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH)]; 2 with secondary hypercholesterolemia and 35 were found to have normal cholesterol and triglyceride values. All patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia were instructed to carry out dietary intervention during a 6 month period, following the step I recommendations of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). The following results were obtained: In the group of children with PH and FH a decrease in total and LDL cholesterol was observed (p < 0.0001 for both groups). In the group of FH, a decrease in the LDL/HDL ratio was also observed (p < 0.01). In contrast, the group of children with FCH did not show any changes in the lipoprotein pattern after dietary intervention. In the three groups studied, no statistically significant differences were observed in the remaining parameters (HDL-C, VLDL, and apo A1) after dietary intervention. Lp(a) levels above 30 mg/dl were observed in 25%, 37% and 46% of the children with PH, FH and FCH, respectively. Nine patients with FH were treated with resins for 3 months. In these children a decrease in total and LDL cholesterol, apo B and in the LDL/HDL ratio was observed (p < 0.05). No changes in Lp(a) and HDL-C were observed in this group of children. In our experience, dietary intervention to reduce fat and cholesterol intake in children with primary hyperlipoproteinemia, a population at high risk of developing atherosclerosis, is safe and useful. The treatment with resins in children with FH improves their lipoprotein profile.

Adolescent↗