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Biomedical subjects

B Bron

Publications and source records attributed to B Bron.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Ethical and legal aspects of the suicide problem].

The discussion on the freedom to commit suicide and on medical assistance to suicide is a challenge for psychiatry to consider critically the ethical aspects of suicide prophylaxis and of the present jurisdiction on suicide. Suicide research has shown that most acts of suicide are not carried out as free acts of will. The increase in clinic suicides and the high frequency of suicides after in-patient psychiatric treatment clearly show the limits of the therapy of suicidal patients and force us to reflect critically on new developments of psychiatry and special forms of therapy. The decision on the necessity and the duration of compulsory measures can always be made only for each individual case. The danger of renewed acts of suicide can never be excluded. Especially great demands are made on the doctor-patient relationship. Suicide prophylaxis is a humanitarian obligation of society and the medical profession, especially of psychiatry, an obligation which must not be jeopardised by one-sided propagations of the right to "voluntary death".

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1985

[Therapeutic problems in chronic suicidal patients].

Reported is the case of a chronically suicidal female patient who, in one of her attempts at suicide, had incurred permanent injuries to her lower extremities. The therapeutic problems were focussed on specific aspects of transference and counter-transference and, above all, an uncontrolled rage which was actualized perpetually by her physical handicap. Her destructive aggression resulted in severe stress upon the staff members and inequitable danger to her fellow patients so that her treatment had to be discontinued and subsequently resumed at another institution. It proved to be particularly important that the patient, after having been granted the freedom to leave the ward at her own discretion, had the possibility of imagining a renewed attempt at suicide by throwing herself from a hospital balcony, until she finally reached the beginning of a reorientation of her life.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Neuritic plaques in senile dementia of Alzheimer type: a Golgi analysis in the hippocampal region.

Tissue sections from the hippocampal region of patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type were examined in 75-100 microns thick vibratome sections impregnated by the Golgi-Cox method and counterstained with cresyl violet. The morphology of dendrites and axons with neuritic plaques was frequently abnormal. Abnormalities included pleomorphic outpouchings of terminal and preterminal dendritic and axonal segments, many of which contained filiform processes occurring singly and in tufts. The axon collaterals of some hippocampal neurons appeared to branch richly as they entered plaques. Impregnated neurites could occasionally be traced from a neuritic plaque to adjacent pyramidal and local circuit neurons. The findings confirm that local neurons of different types contribute dendrites and axons to plaques and that these processes may proliferate within the confines of the plaques.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Psychiatric and ethical aspects of the termination of pregnancy].

The progress in the diagnostic and the therapeutic possibilities of medicine, the amendment of articles 218 foll. StGB (= Penal Code), and a fundamental change in the attitude towards sexuality and abortion, on the background of the demand for free self-determination of the woman, have fundamentally changed the fields of medical activities and tasks, especially those of psychiatry, in ascertaining the indication for the legal termination of pregnancy and in giving advice in cases of pregnancy conflicts. By far the most terminations of pregnancy today are carried out on the basis of a social or a social predicament indication, for whose assessment the psychiatrist, as a rule, ist not competent. This functions should be stronger orientated towards giving advice and providing therapy in cases of pregnancy conflicts. Particular attention has to be payed to special aspects of contraception and negative psychic after-effects of an abortion. Psychiatric indications should only be accepted, in cases in which they can be substantiated clearly. All advisory and therapeutic measures have to serve the aim of furthering the freedom and autonomy of decision of the pregnant woman, of facilitating the solution of intrapsychic and ethical conflicts, thus making genuine responsibility realizable.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

[Depression and faith in Job].

Depression and faith are closely connected in Job. Struck by heavy buffets of fate and suffering from an incurable disease Job despairs of God. He ist no longer able to connect his suffering with his former experience of God. Whereas his friends exhort and rebuke him, Job feels to be innocent and expresses his despair in continuous laments and accusations in order to challenge God to give an answer. His ability "to transcend", his hope of "God, his friend" against "God, his enemy" saves him from resigned self-negation and total paralysis. In the care of Job it is safe to assume that there is no melancholy nor endogeneous depression, during which the power of faith and hope is often extinguished. The problem to what extent the category of hope and the ability of "transcending" in heaviest suffering and deep depression become especially relevant under the psychotherapeutic aspect, is an important question to be put to psychiatry and psychotherapy.

Bible↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of reflux esophagitis with ranitidine. A multicentric prospective study].

Thirty-eight patients with erosive-ulcerative reflux esophagitis were treated in an open trial with the histamine-H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine (150 mg twice daily). At endoscopy after 6 weeks there was evidence of complete healing of all epithelial defects in 20 of 38 patients (53%). Continuation of treatment for another 6 weeks in 13 patients was followed by healing in 6 additional patients as judged by endoscopy. Although the symptoms of the group as a whole improved significantly during treatment, there was no correlation between the degree of symptomatic improvement and healing of esophagitis. Also, the healing rate did not depend on age, sex, smoking and drinking habits or on the severity of esophagitis. It is concluded that medical treatment of reflux esophagitis with ranitidine is promising, even in severe cases previously considered candidates for surgery.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1982

Increased frequency of DR3 antigen in alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis.

HLA-A, B and DR antigens were determined in 33 patients suffering from confirmed alcoholic hepatitis, with or without cirrhosis. Past alcohol consumption and plasma immunoglobulins were also determined in 21 cases. An increased frequency of the DR-3 antigen was found in patients as compared with the control group (a sample of the Geneva population (31% v. 11%, p less than 0.05)). Although past alcohol consumption tended to be less in DR-3 positive patients in comparison with the other patients, the difference was not significant. No other differentiating clinical, immunological or histological features were observed among DR-3 positive patients. Our findings that there appears to be an increased frequency of DR-3 antigens in patients with alcoholic hepatitis, together with the previous work showing an increased frequency of HLA-B8 in the same condition, is particularly interesting in the light of the known association of both these antigens with autoimmune disease. These results would suggest that liver damage in chronic alcoholism is genetically predisposed, and that autoimmune mechanisms could be involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The suicidal patient. Incidence, special suicidal syndromes, therapeutic possibilities and problems].

Suicide is not only the subjects of psychiatric, psychological and sociological examination, but has often induced basic philosophical, theological and juridical thoughts which are a challenge to a critical reflection. Most suicides go in hand with psychological disturbances and psychiatric illnesses. The majority of patients who tried to commit suicide don't stick to their intention. The treatment of these patients is a very important task for doctors. Certain groups in risk of committing suicide call for attention. Special suicidal syndromes often appear with young and old persons, patients with chronic and uncurable diseases, alcohol- and drug-addicts, as well as patients with psychosis. The structure and intention of the suicidal action as well as psychodynamic aspects, especially the extent of the "presuicidal syndrome" (Ringel) and the instability of their self-confidence give essential hints regarding further therapeutical treatment. Because of the increase of suicidal actions especially of trials of committing suicide, the difficulty of a systematic description and the complex reasons for suicide it is necessary to promote the cooperation between the different disciplines and intensity prophylactic measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Physiopathology, diagnosis and treatment of esophageal reflux].

The important nervous and hormonal regulation mechanisms which play a role in the prevention of esophageal reflux are discussed. By manometry of the inferior esophageal sphincter, esophageal pH-metry and acid clearance it is possible to demonstrate disturbance of the continency function in most patients with reflux esophagitis. The value of these methods is compared with other conventional methods in 40 patients. The medical means of restoring esophageal continency are reviewed.

Alginates↗
PubMed1981

[Psychopathology and proclamation of the prophet Ezekiel. The phenomenon of prophetic ecstasy].

The psychopathological phenomenons, reported about the prophet Ezekiel, can be understood as ecstatic experiences and symbolic behaviour which give hints at a sensible personality, however show no clear evidence for a profound psychological disturbance or schizophrenic psychosis. Ezekiel announces the radical judgement of God and the promised total new beginning of God after judgement and repentance of the people. Not only words shall announce the coming judgement and call for repentance, but also especially striking and startling symbolic behaviour. The contents of the message leads to a total consecration of the prophet which covers all the areas of his life and is connected with solitude and much psychophysical strain.

Bible↗
PubMed1980

[Indications for medical dissolution of biliary lithiasis and value of the determination of the lithogenic index].

The conventional selection criteria for chemical dissolution of cholesterol gallstones provide poor results. Thirty patients have been reviewed with reference to factors with which to predict possible success. The lithogenic index was found to be discriminatory in only 3 patients out of a total of 19 (16%). On the other hand, diluted bile (which evidences dysfunction of the gallbladder) was found in a third of patients with no radiological sign of gallbladder dysfunction. Analysis of gallbladder function may be a good criterion for selection of patients who will respond to medical treatment.

Adult↗