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B C Campion

Publications and source records attributed to B C Campion.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Change in survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and its effect on coronary heart disease mortality, Minneapolis-St. Paul. The Minnesota Heart Survey.

Emergency medical services with advanced life support systems were implemented in the Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota, area in the mid-1970s. To assess the impact of emergency medical services on coronary heart disease mortality, the authors reviewed ambulance records and hospital emergency room logs for possible out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases in the period 1972-1982. Potential cases, and their survival to discharge, were validated by hospital record review and were checked against Minnesota death certificates for the year of cardiac arrest and the year following cardiac arrest. Age-adjusted rates of survival to 1 year after cardiac arrest (per 100,000 population) for survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest aged 30-74 years increased significantly from 1972 to 1982 for men (1.8 vs. 11.7; p less than 0.00001) and for women (0.5 vs. 3.5; p less than 0.01). Coronary heart disease mortality rates declined in that period by 34.9% for men (from 527.5 per 100,000 to 343.3 per 100,000) and by 41.7% for women (from 168.6 per 100,000 to 98.3 per 100,000). The authors estimate that improved survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest contributed 5.4% (9.9 of 184.2) of the mortality decline for men and 4.3% (3.0 of 70.3) of the decline for women. This was a significant contribution to the decline in coronary heart disease mortality, but it explains only a small part of it.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B markers: cost effectiveness of screening prehospital personnel.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of screening emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedical personnel prior to administering hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis B screening and Heptavax vaccine were offered to 259 basic EMTs and paramedics. Of the 259 individuals, 62 refused screening, and six who had already received hepatitis B vaccine were excluded from the study. The screening was not continued after the results of the first 174 tests returned negative. All 191 participants were vaccinated. No hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and only three individuals positive for hepatitis B surface antibody were found among those screened. This study corroborates the Centers for Disease Control guidelines of cost effectiveness in screening prehospital health care workers.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Esophageal gastric tube airway vs endotracheal tube in prehospital cardiopulmonary arrest.

We evaluated the efficacy of the esophageal airway (EA) by prospectively randomizing 175 prehospital cardiopulmonary arrest patients to receive either an esophageal gastric tube airway (EGTA) or an endotracheal tube (ET). If attempts with the initial airway failed, the alternate airway was attempted. The cost of training paramedics in EA use was considerably less than the ET ($80 vs $1,000). Survival to the emergency room, to hospitalization and to discharge in ET and EGTA groups were 64.4 percent, 25.6 percent, 11.1 percent, and 54.1 percent, 27.1 percent, 12.9 percent, respectively--differences not statistically significant. The incidence of neurologic residual (ET 50 percent, EGTA 36.4 percent) and congestive heart failure (ET 40 percent, EGTA 45.5 percent) in surviving ET and EGTA patients did not differ (NS). An additional 125 consecutive patients with only the opportunity to receive an EA were also evaluated and did not differ in mortality, neurologic residual, or congestive heart failure from ET patients. We conclude that the EA is a satisfactory alternative to the ET for short-term prehospital use in cardiopulmonary arrest patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Feasibility of simulating physicians' judgments of patient severity.

This article reports on adopting Gustafson's multiattribute utility method to develop a specific momentary severity index (vis-à-vis severity over time) for nontraumatic chest pain patients. A panel of physicians identified an appropriate set of indicators for the index. Three mathematic models were generated on the basis of these indicators with each model predicting no less than 81% of the variance in overall scores of 96 simulated patients with chest pain. High interrater reliability (0.94) was demonstrated. Congruent validity coefficients between the three model scores and the overall scores vary between 0.71 and 0.92 depending on how the panel physicians are grouped. Results indicate the feasibility of simulating physician judgments regarding patient severity in chest-pain-related cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Echocardiography and fetal heart sounds in the diagnosis of fetal heart block.

A 32-week fetus was demonstrated phonocardiographically and echocardiographically to have a regular atrial rate of 150 per minute and a regular ventricular rate of 39 per minute, indicating complete heart block. The diagnosis was suspected when two groups of heart sounds at two distinct rates were heard on auscultation, and was confirmed by the postnatal ECG. The maternal history was significant for the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus. The basis for the echocardiographic diatnosis of complete heart block, the presence of atrial heart sounds in complete heart block, and the relationship of maternal SLE to congenital heart block are discussed.

Adult↗