Discussion on the monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B C Schiele.
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Following 4 weeks of treatment with ORF-8063 a polyfluorinated benzodiazepine derivative, 8 hospitalized patients manifesting a primary pathology of anxiety showed marked general improvement. 2 other persons were treated, but for shorter periods: 9 and 14 days. Both are included in the pre-post analysis. Mean optimal dosage was 66.5 mg. The five instruments used to measure therapeutic effect showed pre- to posttreatment change with high level of statistical significance in serveral of the pathological factors. When measures of change are considered, patients showed more improvement related to psychic than somatic components of anxiety. Change data also indicates more patients improvement in anxiety than depression. Side effects reported more were dizziness, faintness and insomnia; these were reported in 8 patients. 6 patients noted drowsiness, and 4 noted excitement. 5 persons tolerated optimum dosages with no extreme reactions; 5 others (including the 2 subjects who terminated treatment early) were unable to maintain optimum dosages because of side effects.
An open clinical trial with intravenous chlorimipramine was carried out on twenty depressed inpatients, diagnosed as primary or secondary affective disorders following a classificatory scheme for use in psychiatric research. Eleven of twelve patients with primary affective disorders had a significant decrease in symptoms of depression at the end of two weeks. In contrast, eight patients with secondary affective disorders did not show such significant improvement. Changes in physiological parameters (systolic blood pressure) were significantly greater in the primary affective disorders than in the secondary ones. It is inferred from the results of this trial, that intravenous administration of chlorimipramine is a safe and feasible procedure, which may compare to electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of severe unipolar and bipolar depressions.
Loxapine succinate was compared to chlorpromazine in a 12-week double-blind study of 50 hospitalized chronic schizophrenic patients. Statistical analyses of BPRS scores showed significant improvemement for several items and factors in both groups of patients. Both drugs significantly decreased severity of illness on the CGI scale. On the NOSIE scale, "manifest psychosis" was improved significantly with chlorpromazine and "global severity" with loxapine succinate. There were no significant treatment differences in BPRS, CGI, or Nosie items or factors or in the reduction of overall psychopathology. The side effects associated with the study drugs differed little with respect to incidence, number, severity, and type. The most frequently reported symptoms in both groups were behavioral, extrapyramidal, and sedative. Analyses of vital signs and clinical laboratory data revealed no evidence of serious untoward effects.
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