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Biomedical subjects

B C Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to B C Wilson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A model for clinical-quantitative classification. Generation I: Application to language-disordered preschool children.

A model is presented for the integration of clinical-inferential and quantitative approaches to classification. In this, the first application of the proposed model, preschool children with developmental language disorders were classified on the basis of clinical interpretations of performance on psychometric subtests. Five hypothesized subgroups were validated on the basis of (a) consensus among five clinical neuropsychologists, (b) language pathologists' reports, (c) comparisons with subgroups defined by a cluster analytic approach, and (d) comparisons among subgroups on variables not used for classification. Results are discussed in terms of the feasibility of the integrated approach, commonalities with other typologies, and the implications of this work to issues of subtype stability, remediation, predictions of later reading achievement, brain-behavior relationships, and generalizability to other clinical groups.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1986

Instrumentation and light dosimetry for intra-operative photodynamic therapy (PDT) of malignant brain tumours.

A technique is described for uniform light irradiation of the tumour cavity after radical subtotal malignant brain tumour resection in patients whose tumours have been photosensitized by intravenous injection of hematoporphyrin derivative. The cavity is maintained by an inflatable rubber 'balloon' filled with a light-scattering liquid, within which is placed a single-strand optical fibre coupled to an argon/dye laser operating at 630 nm. Details of the construction of the applicator are given, together with measurements of the uniformity of irradiation and the light loss within the scattering medium. The device has been assessed in nine patients in a phase I trial. In two of these patients, the penetration depth of 630 nm light in brain tissue has also been measured in vivo using an optical-fibre probe, indicating that the penetration depth of 630 nm light in human brain is greater than that found in vitro.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Autonomic dysreflexia in a paraplegic man with catecholamine-secreting neuroblastoma.

Autonomic dysreflexia and catecholamine secreting tumor, each of which causes paroxysmal hypertension, coexisted in a young man. Two years after neuroblastoma was diagnosed, he developed T4 incomplete paraplegia due to metastases to the spine at T5 and L3 levels. Shortly after the onset of paraplegia, paroxysmal hypertension developed. The hypertension was controlled adequately by good bowel and bladder management and oral clonidine. The paroxysmal hypertension is believed to have resulted from the synergistic effect of the high levels of circulating catecholamines from the tumor and the disruption of autonomic pathways.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Photodynamic therapy: cavitary photoillumination of malignant cerebral tumours using a laser coupled inflatable balloon.

Interest in photodynamic therapy of malignant brain tumours has been growing in recent years as intra-operative laser applications become more available. We have developed an inflatable balloon which can be coupled to an argon dye pump laser in order to deliver light to a brain tumour cavity created by the subtotal resection of tumour. Eight patients with primary malignant brain tumors have been treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) using this device. The 8 patients tolerated the treatment well; morbidity attributable to the PDT was acceptably low.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Schistosoma mansoni adult microsomal antigens, a serologic reagent. II. Specificity of antibody responses to the S. mansoni microsomal antigen (MAMA).

The purified Schistosoma mansoni adult microsomal antigen, MAMA, was used in the quantitative single-tube kinetic dependent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (k-ELISA) to measure antibody levels of various human patient sera. The 511 serum specimens tested were from patients with both homologous and heterologous infections. Sera from U.S., Egyptian, Brazilian, and Puerto Rican patients infected with S. mansoni reacted strongly with MAMA. Chinese patients infected with S. japonicum, and Nigerians or Egyptians infected with S. haematobium produced much lower responses to this antigen than those infected with S. mansoni. Sera from patients with echinococcosis, filariasis, paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, trichinosis, amebiasis, and hepatitis and from healthy uninfected control individuals generally contained no detectable antibodies against this antigen. The S. mansoni adult microsomal antigen, MAMA, therefore, appears to be a highly potent and specific reagent for the serodiagnosis of S. mansoni infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Schistosoma mansoni adult microsomal antigens, a serologic reagent. I. Systematic fractionation, quantitation, and characterization of antigenic components.

A systematic and quantitative search was conducted to identify and isolate a serologically pertinent antigen with high specific activity and low cross-reactivity from adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni. Adult worms of S. mansoni quickly thawed from liquid N2 temperatures were disrupted by controlled homogenization in isotonic buffered sucrose. Differential centrifugation of the homogenate yielded three particulate and one soluble fractions: the 480 x G pellet (nuclear), the 7650 x G pellet (mitochondrial), the 360,000 x G pellet (microsomal), and the 360,000 x G supernatant (cytosol). Quantitative analysis indicated a major concentration of specific antigenic activities in the microsomal fraction. Further purifications of the urea-solubilized, n-butanol-treated microsomal particles by gel filtration and ionic-exchange chromatography resulted in a microsomal antigen (MAMA) possessing high specific activity and low cross-reactivity. The final purification post-ionic exchange chromatograph showed a 30-fold increase of specific antigen activity over that of the cytosol fraction. Sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot by the "Western blot" technique (EITB) indicated specific antigenic activities in association with several different m.w. bands (heterogeneous m.w. by extrapolation = 4.3 to 11.9 x 10(6), 2.0 x 10(5), and 2.0 x 10(4) daltons) of the MAMA fraction. When compared with other reported serologic antigens, MAMA showed substantially higher specific activity and lower cross-reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Purdue Pegboard performance of normal preschool children.

Normative data on the Purdue Pegboard are presented, based on the performance of 206, right-handed male and female children between the ages of 2 years, 6 months and 5 years, 11 months. Results demonstrate developmental trends in the increased efficiency of peg placement for the right hand, left hand, and bimanual conditions. Scores increase monotonically with age; performances are stable, with high test-retest reliability. Continuity is evidenced between these data and those available for older children. Evidence for the dissociation of hand preference and peg placement efficiency in the younger groups is discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗