SIGNIFICANCE OF A FLAT SMALL-INTESTINAL MUCOSA.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B CREAMER.
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It is suggested that there are two hormonal syndromes associated with noninsulin-secreting islet cell tumours and this case is an example of the non-gastrin-secreting type with watery diarrhoea and hypokalaemia. The patient had histamine-fast achlorhydria and a normal gastric biopsy and no gastrin was recovered from the tumour tissue. The watery diarrhoea was isosmotic with plasma and was increased by an intravenous saline load. There was a dramatic response to steroids.
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Mitotic activity and hence cell turnover has been abolished by x-irradiation with 1,000 r. in segments of the rat's gut. The whole stomach, the ascending colon, and 5 cm. of jejunum and ileum were irradiated and the changes observed histologically up to three days. Cessation of cell turnover in the small intestine is followed by cell death and desquamation within 24 hours, leading to denudation of the epithelium and collapse of villous structure. The pylorus and colon showed similar but less marked changes. In contrast the fundus and body of the stomach were unaffected by the absence of mitosis over a period of three days. It is concluded that cell turnover is, in part, necessary to maintain the mucosal structure, particularly the villous pattern in the small intestine.
This paper reports the findings of an investigation of ribonucleic acid (R.N.A.) and protein metabolism in those epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract which have a rapid turnover, and correlates the results with the rate of production of new cells.
The turnover of cells in the abnormal mucosa of the small intestine of idiopathic steatorrhoea has been studied. Evidence is presented that the abnormal mucosa is the result of a maturation arrest of the epithelial cells.
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This paper confirms that the epithelial lining of the small intestine is in a state of continuous replacement and demonstrates that the whole of the gastrointestinal epithelium has a similar dynamic equilibrium.
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