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Biomedical subjects

B Carme

Publications and source records attributed to B Carme.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Current practices for the prevention and treatment of malaria in children and in pregnant women in the Brazzaville Region (Congo).

Current practices for the prevention and treatment of malaria in children and in pregnant women in the Brazzaville Region (Congo) were studied in 1989 and 1990. Information was obtained by interviewing a total of 1152 subjects. Overall, chemoprophylaxis was used less than was the systematic treatment of fever. Fever was treated before seeking medical advice in over 50% of the cases. Two-thirds of those interviewed reported that they slept under mosquito nets. Families with lower socio-economic standards were less likely to use chemoprophylaxis, to have antimalarials in the home, and to own mosquito nets; and they were more likely to prefer injections and to purchase drugs in the local markets.

Antimalarials↗
PubMed1992

Disseminated African histoplasmosis in a Congolese patient with AIDS.

We report the first Congolese case of African histoplasmosis in a patient with AIDS which represents the third case to be described in the literature. This contrasts with the now frequent occurrence of Histoplasma capsulatum histoplasmosis in HIV-infected subjects in North America; the difference is likely to be due to differences in exposure to the fungus rather than to differences in behaviour of the fungus or in the epidemiology of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Child morbidity and mortality due to cerebral malaria in Brazzaville, Congo. A retrospective and prospective hospital-based study 1983-1989.

This study was conducted in all four hospitals of Brazzaville, the capital of the Congo in order to assess the trend in malaria morbidity, the frequency of cerebral malaria and the related mortality between 1983 and 1989 in Brazzaville children. For the period 1983 to 1987 the study was retrospective, based on records. For the period 1988 and 1989 a prospective study was carried out in the two main hospitals in which a system for reporting cases of cerebral malaria was set up. This was completed by a retrospective analysis of data similar to that carried for the previous years. The population of Brazzaville children aged between 0 and 14 years and the distribution by district were estimated from the 1984 official census taking the annual demographic growth to be 5%. The results show a marked increase in hospitalizations for malaria, noticeable since 1985, and which now account for about 50% of the overall non-surgical hospitalizations. The number of cases of cerebral malaria and related deaths have probably increased. However, these severe forms of malaria were relatively rare. Indeed, in 1988 and 1989, for the 0-4, 5-9 and 10-14 year age groups, the annual incidence rates of cerebral malaria were estimated at respectively 240, 61 and 13 per 100,000 and the related mortality rates at respectively 58, 5 and 1 per 100,000. No obvious relationship was found between the intensity of malaria transmission, which varied considerably according to the district, and the level of mortality from cerebral malaria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Infant and child mortality and malaria in the Congo. The trend in the suburbs of Brazzaville between 1981 and 1988.

This survey was carried out on a cohort of children born between 1st January 1981 and 30th June 1987 in the maternity department of the hospital in Linzolo, a village situated 25 km south-west of Brazzaville, the capital of the Congo. The mothers of the children resided in the suburbs of Brazzaville at the time of delivery. In this region, the rate of transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is high without marked seasonable variations. The mothers and children were traced in the second quarter of 1989 in order to assess the rates and, where possible, the causes of mortality. Information on 75% of the recorded births (2424 children) was obtained directly by interviewing the mothers in the home. Between 1981 and 1988, the infant mortality rate varied overall between 33 and 52 per thousand, and in the 1-2 year age group, between 7 and 25 per thousand (1981 to 1987). The number of deaths attributable to malaria was relatively low although resistance to amino-4-quinolone is well established since 1985. During this period, no particular trend was observed in the mortality at 0-2 years, or at 0-5 years.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

[Lewis blood group activity in Fasciola hepatica].

Lewis blood group specificities are detected in the liver Fluke: Fasciola hepatica. Such specificities had never been reported in nature, other than in the human body. The investigation of this phenomenon might contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in parasite-host relationship.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Filarial elephantiasis in French Polynesia: a study concerning the beliefs of 127 patients about the origin of their disease.

127 patients from Tahiti who were suffering from elephantiasis were interviewed about their opinion of the origin of their disease. Ancestral beliefs are still widely held even after 25 years of antifilarial campaigns which have resulted in a drastic decrease in endemicity with almost no clinical incidence. It is disappointing that the responsibility of mosquitoes is denied by a majority of patients. The explanations are to be found in the unusual evolution of this disease and in the small importance attached to sanitary education.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Longevity of Wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica and mosquito infection acquired from a patient with low level parasitemia.

Two cases are reported which illustrate important epidemiological aspects of lymphatic filariasis--prolonged longevity of the adult parasite and the possibility of transmission by individuals with ultra-low level microfilaremia. These cases demonstrate that people can remain carriers of microfilariae in the peripheral blood for many years without reinfection, and even those with a low level microfilaremia can constitute a significant reservoir of mosquito infection. Such cases represent one of the most serious obstacles to the eradication of lymphatic filariasis in regions where control is based on chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Detection of blood group P1 activity in F. hepatica and F. gigantica (author's transl)].

Four lyophilizated liver flüke antigens and one of hydatid fluid were examined for the presence of blood group like antigens P1, A, B, M and N by an hemagglutination inhibition test with hyperimmune and natural hemagglutinating sera. P1 or P1-like substance was found in the extracts of "Fasciola hepatica" and "F. gigantica" in a lower concentration than in echinoccocal fluid. This presence may explain the occurrence of anti-P1 antibodies in patients infected with liver flüke and belonging to the P2 blood group. However biochemical studies will be necessary to determine if the P1 activity is due to the blood group P1 substance of the red cell itself or due to a P1 like substance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of passive hemagglutination and its prospectives in lymphatic filariasis].

The authors analyze the data concerning 219 sera, that they have tested in passive hemagglutination, with as antigen a Dirofilaria immitis proteic extract, in French Polynesia. Besides its light sensitivity, this method does appear very interesting. It points out: --First, that there is a gaussian distribution of the results found at various dilutions, both by "filarian" and "non filarian" people. Therefore, this distribution is a feasible and practical parameter for evaluation of the Filariasis transmission in different populations. --On the other hand, that there is an inverse correlation between the presence of microfilaria in the blood and the level of immunological response for lymphatic Filariasis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Activity of levamisole (Solaskil) in lymphatic filariasis caused by Wucheria bancrofti (variety pacifica].

A 6 mg./kg. daily dose of levamisole was given during three days to ten carriers of microfilarias Wuchereria bancrofti in Tahiti. No action against adult worms was noticed. The immediate microfilaricid action was at least equivalent to the action of DEC. However the decrease of microfilaremia was not so long with levamisole than with DEC given to a lower dose. Lastly the amount of reactions after a treatment by levamisole is notable.

Adolescent↗