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Biomedical subjects

B Chabert

Publications and source records attributed to B Chabert.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis A in France in homosexuals and intravenous drug users].

OBJECTIVES: In industrialized countries with a high level of sanitation, immunity against hepatitis A (HVA) is not acquired during childhood, and infection typically occurs in adults, mainly in travelers returning from developing countries where infection is endemic. However, the introduction of hepatitis A virus (HAV) among certain population groups, such as intravenous drug users (IVDU) or homosexual men, leads to a significant increase in the disease. We conducted a retrospective analysis of seroprevalence of anti-HAV antibodies. METHODS: The study group included 296 patients (174 homosexual men and 122 IVDU) for comparison with 76 control subjects (nurses in pediatric wards and workers in hospital kitchen). RESULTS: We found a significantly higher anti-HAV seroprevalence among less than 35-year old IVDU, HIV positive or negative, in comparison with control subjects but not among homosexual men, whatever their HIV status. CONCLUSION: Our experience illustrates that HVA is a health risk for IVDU in industrialized nations, and given its morbidity among adults population, IVDU should receive HVA vaccine.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Associated surgery of the carotid and subclavian arteries: indications and results].

Over a 5 year period (1988-1992), 6 patients were treated by combined carotid and subclavian artery surgery, representing 0.7% of carotid interventions practised during this period. The carotid lesion clinical stage was 0 (2 cases), 1 (2 cases) and 3 (2 cases). While for the subclavian artery 4 patients were asymptomatic and 2 had vertebrobasilar syndromes, one associated with ischemia of upper limb. Only one patient was globally asymptomatic but the diagnosis was a prethrombotic carotid restenosis. Radiographs showed that the atheromatous lesion of the cervical trunks was equivalent to 2.83 stenoses per patient. The decision to use the combined interventions was based on either the clinical condition (combined carotid and vertebrobasilar symptomatology) or hemodynamic data (improvement in subclavian flow during carotid surgery). This hemodynamic component could be determined by transcranial Doppler. Operation consisted always of initial subclavian revascularization (1 reimplantation, 5 bypasses), followed by carotid surgery (2 grafts, 4 endarterectomies). The postoperative course was uneventful in 5 patients, the 6th patient requiring recovery surgery for early carotid thrombosis without worsening of the neurologic state. Mean follow up was 9 months (range 1 to 27 months). Combining these two interventions in this small series did not appear to increase carotid surgery complication. Initial revascularization of the subclavian artery in the patient with multiple trunk lesions corrected the posterior hemodynamic supply to the circle of Willis.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of two polyepoxy matrices: DGEBA-DDM and DGEBA-IPD.

The aim of this paper was to study the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of materials for orthopaedic and odontologic surgical use. The products used were obtained by polycondensation of a diepoxy resin (DGEBA) with two curing agents (DDM or IPD). The materials present a slight swelling in liquid medium and their thermomechanical properties are hardly affected after 12 month implantation. The absence of molecular desorption in isotonic liquid and human serum confirms their hydrolytic stability and thus their inertia. These materials do not give rise to an intolerance reaction by neighbouring tissues during implantation time (1 d to 12 month).

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[In vitro bench tests of caval umbrella filters].

Seven ombrelles percutaneous cava filters, now available, are tested on hydraulic testing ground. Measurements are concerned with the blocking function of filters and pressure changes induced in the cava flow and the cava track wall of the testing ground. A statistical analysis of the results (100 measurements per filter) shows homogeneous reactions of each filter when faced with different situations imposed by variations of the testing ground. Greenfield's filter, a reference, is compared with other models. This one and the L.G. filter show satisfactory filtering qualities. Two other filters, Cardial and Vascor, offer a highest filtering power. Other models give poor filtering results.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗