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B Cisse

Publications and source records attributed to B Cisse.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Atypical neurosyphilis: 28 cases observed at the University Hospital Center of Conakry].

This study describes a series of 28 cases of neurosyphylis presenting atypical oligosymptomatic syndromes involving epileptic attack, chronic headache, peripheral facial paralysis, deafness, isolated optic atrophy, and cerebral ataxia. Diagnosis was based on positive results (VDRL-TPHA) of serological reactions in blood samples and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid showing pleocytosis (mean lymphocyte level, 69%) and elevated protein levels. Epilepsy and chronic headache were the most common clinical manifestations. Brain scan demonstrated low-grade ventricular dilatation associated with nonspecific cerebral atrophy in 8 cases and isolated cerebral atrophy in three. In the remaining 17 cases brain scans were normal.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The frailty hypothesis revisited: mainly weak children die of measles.

It has been suggested that measles infection mainly kills frail children who are likely to die anyhow of other infections. If that were true, the proportion of frail children should increase after the introduction of measles vaccination and post-measles mortality compared with mortality in uninfected children should increase when the case fatality declines and frail children are no longer dying of measles. The latter deduction was investigated in Niakhar, Senegal, where the measles case fatality has declined markedly. Measles has been studied in Niakhar during 12 years from 1983 to 1994. We compared long-term mortality after measles infection in periods with both high and low case fatality. The acute measles case fatality rate (CFR) declined from 6.5% in 1983-1986 to 1.5% in 1987-1994, an age-adjusted decline of 66% (RR=0.34 (0.19-0.58)). Between 1983-1986 and 1987-1994, mortality in the first year after measles infection declined by 35% (RR=0.65 (0.37-1.16)), the pattern being the same in the second and third year after infection (RR=0.63 (0.33-1.21)). This reduction could not be related to introduction of immunization, treatment of measles with Vitamin A, or prophylactic use of antibiotics. Controlling for age, immunization, and season, the decline in post-measles mortality was similar to the fall in non-measles-related mortality between the two periods (mortality rate ratio=0.72 (0.64-0.80)). Since the mortality decline in survivors of measles was as large as the decline in mortality among uninfected children, reduction in acute measles mortality did not lead to accumulation of frail children. We doubt measles infection ever eliminated mainly weak children; it always killed a broad spectrum of children, most of whom were "fit to survive". Hence, it seems unlikely that measles vaccination has contributed to the survival of more frail children.

Child↗
PubMed2000

[Epidemiological factors, treatment and prognosis of uterine sarcomas: 14 cases at the Cancer Institute of Dakar].

The study of uterus sarcoma took in interest because these tumors were unrecognized and sat nowadays many questions. The purpose of this study is to review the epidemiological factors, the problems of treatment and prognostic of uterus sarcoma. It's a retrospective study of 14 sarcomas of uterus reported from 1959 to 1997. The mean age of the patients was 54 years and they were on menopause in 78.6%. The clinical investigation found according the FIGO staging: 6 stage I (42.6%), 4 stage II (28.4%), 1 stage III (7.1%) and 3 stage IV (21.4%). The leiomyosarcoma (42.6%) appeared as the more frequent histologic lesion. Surgery was the principal treatment: it was alone on 3 cases (24.9%), associated with chemotherapy on 8 cases (66.8%) and one patient had an association surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The global survival was 21.4% at 2 years and all the patients were dead at 5 years and it seemed that it would be better when the patients were treated by radical surgery associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Role of schools in the transmission of measles in rural Senegal: implications for measles control in developing countries.

Patterns of measles transmission at school and at home were studied in 1995 in a rural area of Senegal with a high level of vaccination coverage. Among 209 case children with a median age of 8 years, there were no deaths, although the case fatality ratio has previously been 6-7% in this area. Forty percent of the case children had been vaccinated against measles; the proportion of vaccinated children was higher among secondary cases (47%) than among index cases (33%) (prevalence ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.76). Vaccinated index cases may have been less infectious than unvaccinated index cases, since they produced fewer clinical cases among exposed children (relative risk = 0.55, 95% CI 0.29-1.04). The secondary attack rate was lower in the schools than in the homes (relative risk = 0.31, 95% CI 0.20-0.49). The school outbreaks were protracted, with 4-5 generations of cases being seen in the two larger schools. Vaccine efficacy was found to be 57% (95% CI -23 to 85) in the schools and 74% (95% CI 62-82) in the residential compounds. Measles infection resulted in a mean of 3.8 days of absenteeism per case, though this did not appear to have an impact on the children's grades. Among the index cases, 56% of children were probably infected by neighbors in the community, and 7% were probably infected at health centers, 13% outside the community, and 24% in one of the three schools which had outbreaks during the epidemic. However, most of the school-related cases occurred at the beginning and therefore contributed to the general propagation of the epidemic. To prevent school outbreaks, it may be necessary to require vaccination prior to school entry and to revaccinate children in individual schools upon detection of cases of measles. Multidose measles vaccination schedules will be necessary to control measles in developing countries.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1999

Seroconversions in unvaccinated infants: further evidence for subclinical measles from vaccine trials in Niakhar, Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Increases in measles antibodies without rash-illnesses have been documented in previously vaccinated children exposed to measles cases. The phenomenon has been incompletely evaluated in young unvaccinated infants with immunity of maternal origin. METHODS: Monthly cohorts of newborns were prospectively randomized to vaccine and placebo control groups during a trial of high-titre vaccines in Niakhar, Senegal. Measles antibodies were assayed in blood samples of enrolled children collected at 5 months old, when controls received a placebo injection, and at 10 months, when the placebo group was given measles vaccine. Intensive prospective surveillance for measles was conducted throughout the trial. RESULTS: One-fifth (n = 53) of the placebo controls seroconverted, with known exposure to a measles case in only three of them. None of the seroconverters developed a measles-like rash. Sixteen-fold or greater increases in titres were noted in about one-quarter of them. Compared with placebo controls who did not seroconvert, seroconverters were more likely to have had exposure to a measles case and to travel, more likely to be boys than girls, and had significantly lower baseline antibody titres. Measles was endemic in the study area throughout the trial. Seroconversions did not adversely effect subsequent nutritional indices or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Although laboratory errors and inadvertent injection of vaccine rather than placebo may have played some role, they do not fully explain the above observations, which are consistent with subclinical measles in the seroconverters. The possible role of subclinical measles in occult transmission, its potential effect on the type and duration of subsequent immunity, and its impact on response to primary vaccination need to be determined.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

[Diabetic pregnancy in Senegal (years 1980 to 1989)].

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Diabetic Pregnancy Prognosis in Seventies is it better in Eighties because of Patient Education? METHODOLOGY: Retrospectively, since 1980 to 1989, in Women in status to breed, Diabetic Pregnancy was screened in our Department. W.H.O.'s (1980) Diabetes Mellitus Criterias, PEDERSEN's Criterias, White's Classification were used. Studied Parameters were etiologic factors (age, type, Diabetes oldness and control), former and present Evolution of Pregnancies (term and pregnancy's product). RESULTS: A--In Global Study, 15.07% Diabetic Pregnancies were observed: 22 (37%) Insulin Dependent and 38 (63%) Non Insulin Dependent. The global mean of age was 31 years; Diabetic Mellitus was less than 10 years old in 90% cases whatever the type. Their control was not good (Glycemic Control < 1.4 g/l in less than 50%). Diabetes complications were nephropathy (13.6% and 8%), retinopathy (13.6% and 18.5%), arterial hypertension (0% and 26.32%), cetoacidosis (31.42% and 0%), urinary tract infection (18% and 0%) respectively in Insulin Dependent and Non Insulin Dependent Pregnancies. Near a third (31.6%) of Insulin Dependent and a third (33.41%) for Non Insulin Dependent were of D, F, H White's Class. Multipares were often Non Insulin Dependent and inversely Insulin Dependent frequently paucipare. Former Pregnancies had near 25.5% interrupted term in Insulin Dependents. Present Pregnancies have given 28.5% and 32% of Normal Children: 14.25 and 12% of Abortions and 14.25% and 6% of Spontaneous Premature Parturitions respectively in Insulin Dependents and Non Insulin Dependents. B--In Analytic Study of Foetopathies, bad Prognosis Factors were high Maternal Age, Multiparity, bad Glycemic Control whatever Diabetes type. For Insulin Dependent, Negligency was added and for Non Insulin Dependent, Obesity, Arterial Hypertension and all PBSP. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A relatively mild Diabetic Pregnancy Prognosis in our areas with limited means has been observed despite of Patients Education.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reducing the oral quinine-quinidine-cinchonin (Quinimax) treatment of uncomplicated malaria to three days does not increase the recurrence of attacks among children living in a highly endemic area of Senegal.

A 3 d shortened course of the quinine-quinidine-cinchonin association Quinimax was compared to the usual 7 d regimen for routinely treating 462 acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria attacks in 72 children under the age of 10 years in Dielmo, a holoendemic village in Senegal. 25 mg/kg Quinimax salt daily, given in 3 equal doses, improved clinical status in 99.6% of the patients receiving the course and in all of those treated for 7 d. Even if the 3 d course did not systematically eliminate parasitaemia, reducing oral Quinimax treatment of uncomplicated malaria from 7 to 3 d did not increase the recurrence of attacks, even among the youngest children. Both the quinine sensitivity of the Senegalese strains of P. falciparum and the partial acquired immunity of the children were probably responsible for the absence of any difference between the courses. Oral Quinimax for 3 d is a possible alternative regimen to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria in highly endemic areas of Africa where clinical resistance to these drugs exists.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of clinical malaria in pregnant women exposed to intense perennial transmission.

The interaction between pregnancy and malaria attacks was investigated from 1990 to 1994 among women in the village of Dielmo, a holoendemic area in Senegal where malaria transmission is intense and perennial. Clinical and parasitological data collected during the daily follow-up of 48 pregnancies among 31 women were compared with those collected from the same women using the same methods during the year which preceded or followed their pregnancy. The parasite prevalence, mean and maximum parasite density in Plasmodium falciparum infections were significantly higher during pregnancy. The incidence rate of malaria attacks was, on average, 4.2 times higher during pregnancy than during the control period. Although most pregnancies were not associated with a malaria attack and the incidence of malaria attacks decreased as the number of previous pregnancies increased, a significant increase in risk of malaria attacks among multigravidae was noted until the fifth pregnancy.

Adolescent↗