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Biomedical subjects

B Clotet

Publications and source records attributed to B Clotet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Abdominal tuberculosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

BACKGROUND: In individuals with HIV infection, extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis are considered as opportunistic infections and are included in the diagnosis of AIDS. They often have atypical clinical features. Abdominal participation is uncommon and its diagnosis may be difficult. METHODS: The clinical, radiological and pathological features of patients with a diagnosis of AIDS with abdominal tuberculosis in a series of 254 AIDS cases in a general hospital from 1984 to October 1990 were reviewed. RESULTS: Tuberculosis developed in 104 (41%) of AIDS patients. In 25 (24%) the disease was exclusively pleuropulmonary and in 79 (76%) extrapulmonary tuberculosis was present, either alone or in association. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis was the first opportunistic infection in 66 AIDS cases (26%). The abdominal participation was demonstrated in 19 patients, with the following localizations: lymph nodes (9), liver (8), spleen (5), ileum (1) and peritoneum (1). Four patients with splenic tuberculosis also had multifocal nodular lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal participation was found in 19 of the 104 AIDS patients with tuberculosis (18%). Lymph node involvement was the most common type. Hepatosplenic tuberculosis had a miliary form or showed multifocal images in echography or computed tomography.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

[Kaposi's sarcoma with primary pulmonary involvement in a parenteral drug addict with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was diagnosed by pulmonary biopsy in a heterosexual parenteral drug abuser (PDA). The patient had previously been diagnosed of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral nodular lesions which were less apparent in conventional radiological study and which increased in size in spite of correct therapy. As cutaneous lesions suggesting KS subsequently appeared, the possibility of pulmonary KS was considered and confirmed by open biopsy. The rarity of a primarily pulmonary presentation of KS in a PDA, the difficulty in diagnosis owing to concomitant infective diseases and the diagnostic value of thoracic CT for the diagnosis of pulmonary KS are discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Efficacy of octreotide in the management of chronic diarrhoea in AIDS.

Patients with HIV infection were studied to assess the efficacy of octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, in the long-term management of refractory diarrhoea. Dosage of subcutaneous octreotide was increased progressively at 48 h intervals from 150 to 300, 750 and 1500 micrograms/day according to response. Twenty-nine patients, 21 with Cryptosporidium enteritis, one with Isospora belli enteritis and seven with no identifiable pathogen were selected for the study; four of these were excluded from the study because of death during the first month (two cases), abdominal pain and acute pancreatitis (one case each). Twenty-five patients were evaluable for response. Ten patients (four with Cryptosporidium enteritis, five without an identifiable pathogen and one with I. belli enteritis) achieved a complete response (40%) and nine cases (all with cryptosporidial enteritis) had a partial response (36%). Patients with higher weight and Karnofsky performance status and non-cryptosporidial enteritis had a better response to treatment. Mean durations of treatment and response were 4.2 +/- 4.2 and 4.4 +/- 4.5 months, respectively. In the absence of specific agents for cryptosporidial enteritis and HIV enteropathy, octreotide was found to be useful in the management of chronic diarrhoea in AIDS patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus and its relation with hepatitis B virus and HIV.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of transmission of hepatitis C virus in sexual partners of intravenous drug misusers and to examine the relation between the prevalences of HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections in homosexual men and intravenous drug misusers and their sexual partners. DESIGN: Serum samples collected between 1984 and 1988 were tested for hepatitis B virus markers and antibodies against hepatitis C virus by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and for HIV antibody by enzyme immune analysis and western blotting. SETTING: Large referral university hospital with an external AIDS clinic in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, Spain. SUBJECTS: 243 Intravenous drug misusers, 143 of their regular heterosexual partners, and 105 homosexual men. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalences of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and HIV infections. RESULTS: In all, 178 of the 243 (73%) intravenous drug misusers, 16 out of 143 (11%) of their partners, and 17 of the 105 (16%) homosexual men had antibodies against hepatitis C virus. The presence of hepatitis C virus infection was unrelated to sex, age, the presence of HIV or hepatitis B virus infections, or the Centers for Disease Control stage of HIV. In sexual partners of intravenous drug misusers there were strong correlations between the presence of hepatitis C virus infection and that of HIV (p = 0.001) and hepatitis B virus (p = 0.013) infections. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous drug misusers have a high risk of acquiring hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and HIV infections, but the presence of hepatitis C virus infection seems to be unrelated to the presence of the other two viruses. Homosexual men have a high prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B virus infections with a low prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection, the presence of which is not related to that of the other two infections. Conversely, heterosexual partners of intravenous drug misusers have low prevalences of the three virus infections, but the presence of hepatitis C virus infection correlates significantly with the presence of HIV and hepatitis B infections. The rate of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus seems to be low, even in partners of people known to be seropositive for this virus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

HTLV-I in Spain.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Primary infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus: clinical and serologic aspects of 7 cases].

We report 7 individuals in whom HIV seroconversion developed, in 6 associated with symptoms and in one without any symptom at all. The most florid and sustained symptoms appeared in the oldest patients: a female and her heterosexual partner, who was a promiscuous male with recent seroconversion. A heroin abuser had oral muguet, and another had esophageal candidiasis. Rash was absent in all cases. Antigenemia was demonstrated in 6 of the 7 patients. In one case, a third generation ELISA was more sensitive than Western blot for the identification of seroconversion.

Adult↗