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Biomedical subjects

B Corbett

Publications and source records attributed to B Corbett.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study investigating the effect of porcine secretin in children with autism.

OBJECTIVES: A recent patient series reported the incidental findings of improved social and language skills in 3 children with autistic spectrum disorders after the administration of secretin, a peptide hormone. However, a subsequent study did not find evidence for a drug effect. Parents are seeking treatment with secretin despite the absence of empirical investigations demonstrating amelioration in autism symptomology. In order to more precisely measure the effects of secretin, this study investigated the effect of a single intravenous dose of porcine secretin on 12 autistic children through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Children were assessed on objective language and on social, neuropsychological, and gastrointestinal measures to evaluate drug effects. The study was conducted over a 16-week trial. The results indicated that significant differences were not observed on the majority of the dependent variables. Statistically significant differences were observed on measures of positive affect and activity level following secretin infusion. In general, the autistic children did not demonstrate the improvements described in the initial retrospective report.

Affect↗
PubMed2000

Processing affective stimuli in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Neuropsychological investigations have suggested a contribution of right hemisphere dysfunction in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Right hemisphere dysfunction has been implicated in deficits of attention, motor impersistence, and processing emotion-laden stimuli. The current study investigated the ability of ADHD children to perceive emotional stimuli in the form of facial expressions and speech intonation. The subjects consisted of 37 ADHD and 37 control children aged 7 to 12 years. ANCOVA analysis indicated that ADHD children demonstrate mild-to-moderate deficits in the perception of affect. Furthermore, deficits in attention may contribute to inaccurate or incomplete encoding of stimulus properties. The results lend tentative support for the notion that the right cerebral hemisphere may play a critical role in ADHD.

Attention↗
PubMed1999

Neuropsychological performance of adults evidencing Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is no longer believed to be a time-limited syndrome manifested in and restricted to childhood and adolescence. Many of the characteristics associated with the disorder continue in variable form into adulthood. This investigation focused on two measures sensitive to attention, cognitive flexibility, and visual and auditory distraction, to determine if individuals diagnosed with ADHD would perform poorly in comparison with normal control subjects. Forty-two subjects, 27 ADHD adults and 15 control subjects, were administered the Goldman-Fristoe-Woodcock Test of Auditory Discrimination (TOAD), and the Stroop Color and Word Test. The findings indicated that the TOAD Noise subtest significantly discriminated the subjects, resulting in an overall correct classification rate of 80.95%.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Fatal halothane poisoning during anesthesia with other agents.

A patient was inadvertently overdosed with halothane during the nitrous oxide phase of anesthesia induction. During the subsequent 2 1/2-h resuscitation attempt, the oxygen via the anesthesia machine continued to be contaminated with 5% halothane. Brain death was pronounced when the patient may have been only very deeply anesthetized. The vaporizer had accidentally been left on the full ON position prior to the procedure. Poor design of vaporizer controls and operator neglect combined to allow protracted patient exposure to the toxic concentration of halothane. The medical examiner has a critical role in the adequate management of anesthesia/surgery related deaths.

Anesthesia↗