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Biomedical subjects

B D Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to B D Gupta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Anti-inflammatory activity of oleanolic acid in rats and mice.

Oleanolic acid displayed anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan and dextran-induced oedema in rats. It elicited marked anti-arthritic action in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in rats and mice and in formaldehyde-induced arthritis in rats. Oleanolic acid checked the inflammation-induced increased serum transaminase levels. It reduced exudate volume and inhibited leucocyte infiltration in carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats. It is devoid of any analgesic, antipyretic or ulcerogenic action. Oleanolic acid did not affect the parturition time in pregnant rats or castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats. Oral LD50 was found to be greater than 2 g kg-1 in mice and rats.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1992

Yeasts at different mucosal sites in patients with carcinoma cervix before and following radiotherapy.

The yeasts isolated from four superficial sites and blood were studied before and during radiotherapy in patients with carcinoma of the cervix. Significant yeast growth increased markedly in all four superficial sites during the 1st and 2nd week following radiotherapy. By the 4th week the count had decreased in all samples except in stool of 4 patients. Candida albicans was the most frequent isolate (54.3%) followed by C. tropicalis (28.3%).

Candida↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of radical treatment of carcinoma esophagus using a combination of external beam and intracavitary irradiation.

Twenty five patients with squamous cell carcinoma arising from the middle third of the esophagus were treated radically, with external radiation, to a dose of 55-60 Gy. All patients had lesions less than 6 cm in length with no extra-esophageal spread on computed tomography scan. Eleven of these patients received additional intracavitary radiation to a dose of 12 Gy, 1 cm from the source axis in two sessions of 6 Gy each, a week apart. There was no significant difference in the relief of dysphagia and survival among these receiving and those not receiving intracavitary radiation. Addition of intracavitary radiation to radical external radiation was associated with significant complications like stricture and fistulae formation, which accounted for the poor results.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1991

Giant cell tumour of the proximal end of the ulna.

An extremely rare case of giant cell tumour of the proximal end of the ulna, which was clinically aggressive but histologically benign, is reported in a 28-year-old man. The tumor was excised in en bloc but patient died 8 months after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case from South East Asia and the second available in the English-language literature. It therefore warrants report.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis. Prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial of oral sulfasalazine plus rectal steroids versus rectal sucralfate.

In a prospective study, 37 consecutive patients with radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis were randomized to receive a four-week course of either 3.0 g oral sulfasalazine plus 20 mg twice daily rectal prednisolone enemas (group I, N = 18) or 2.0 g twice daily rectal sucralfate enemas plus oral placebo (group II, N = 19). The two groups were comparable with respect to demographic features, duration of symptoms, and clinical and endoscopic staging of the disease. Fifteen patients in group I and 17 in group II completed the trial. At four weeks, both groups showed significant clinical improvement (P less than 0.01 for group I and P less than 0.001 for group II) and endoscopic healing (P less than 0.01 for group I and P less than 0.001 for group II). When the two groups were compared, sucralfate enemas showed a significantly better response as assessed clinically (P less than 0.05), although endoscopically the response was not statistically different (P greater than 0.05). We conclude that both treatment regimens are effective in the management of radiation proctitis. Sucralfate enemas give a better clinical response, are tolerated better, and because of the lower cost should be the preferred mode of short-term treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Local thermo-radiotherapy in carcinoma cervix: improved local control versus increased incidence of distant metastasis.

In 1986, 50 patients with stages II and III carcinoma of the cervix were entered into this prospective randomized study. Twenty-five cases (Group I) were treated only by radical radiation whereas remaining 25 cases (Group II) received local hyperthermia in addition to radical radiation. Hyperthermia was delivered by intracavitary brachyhyperthermia approach using an endotract applicator. Both the groups were followed up for a minimum period of 18 months. Group II patients achieved better local control (14 out of 20 evaluable cases) than the Group I patients (11 out of 22 evaluable cases). A disturbing observation was the increased incidence of distant metastasis in Group II (4 out of 23 cases) as compared to Group I (1 out of 23 cases), though most of them remained disease free locally. The increasing use of hyperthermia in the management of various cancers needs to be reviewed in this context.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1991

High dose rate intracavitary therapy in advanced carcinoma esophagus.

Nine patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus were treated by high dose rate intracavitary therapy. The dose delivered was 12 Gy in two sessions at 1 cm from the center of the source. All nine patients were alive after 9 months. Six months after treatment, 4 patients had strictures which were dilated. At the end of nine months, 6 patients had dysphagia, four of whom had strictures and two had recurrence which was treated by further intracavitary irradiation. Intracavitary radiation using high dose rate, remote controlled afterloader has a significant role in palliation in patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma and avoids intubation.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1991

Fanconi's anemia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Lateral diffusion of visual pigments in toad (Bufo marinus) rods and in catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) cones.

1. The lateral diffusion coefficient, D, was determined for visual pigments in red rods, green rods and red-sensitive cones with a photon-counting microspectrophotometer. 2. A novel protocol that involved the placement on a photoreceptor of a single micromeasuring/bleaching beam permitted the determination of D of the pigment. 3. Demonstration that D for red rods compared very well with values obtained by other workers using other means validated the protocol. 4. Applied to green rods, the protocol gave a value of D that was about 80% greater than that for red rods. 5. D for cone pigment was found to be slightly less than that of red rod pigment. 6. The dichroic ratio of cones and the average orientation of the chromophore in the cone lamellae were 1.71 and 28.4 deg, respectively. 7. The photosensitivity at lambda max of the red-sensitive cones was found to be about 16% less than that of red rods.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Photobleaching and cyclic GMP dependences of rhodopsin phosphorylation in rod outer segment.

The experimental data on the cGMP decrease under continuous illumination of rod outer segment have been theoretically analysed to study the bleaching and hence the cGMP dependence of the rhodopsin phosphorylation. From the agreement of the theoretical results with the experimental observations it has been found that the rate of phosphorylation depends on the rate of cGMP hydrolysis. If the rate of cGMP hydrolysis increases the rate of phosphorylation also increases. The results of the theoretical treatment predict that (i) the presence of cGMP in rod outer segment inhibits the rhodopsin phosphorylation and (ii) rhodopsin phosphorylation process is much faster than what has been reported in the literature.

Cyclic GMP↗