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Biomedical subjects

B D Weinstein

Publications and source records attributed to B D Weinstein.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

The possibility of ethical expertise.

Can we legitimately speak of ethics experts? Recent literature in philosophy and medical ethics addresses this important question but does not offer a satisfactory answer. Part of the problem is the absence of an examination of what it means to be an 'expert' in general. I therefore begin by reviewing my analysis of expertise which appeared earlier in this journal. We speak of two kinds of experts: persons whose expertise is in virtue of what they know ('epistemic' expertise), or what they do ('performative' expertise). Applying this analysis to the domain of ethics, I argue that we may speak of ethical expertise in three epistemic senses: a) expertise in descriptive ethics, b) expertise in metaethics, c) expertise in normative ethics, and in a performative sense: d) expertise in living a good life. I conclude with a brief description of some social roles of ethics experts.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Sexual harassment: identifying it in dentistry.

Sexual harassment can be a difficult problem to identify in the workplace. Scenarios are used to help define and identify harassment. Discussion also includes explanations of why sexual harassment is unethical and illegal.

Dental Staff↗
PubMed1993

What is an expert?

Experts play an important role in society, but there has been little investigation about the nature of expertise. I argue that there are two kinds of experts: those whose expertise is a function of what they know (epistemic expertise), or what they do (performative expertise). Epistemic expertise is the capacity to provide strong justifications for a range of propositions in a domain, while performative expertise is the capacity to perform a skill well according to the rules and virtues of a practice. Both epistemic and performative experts may legitimately disagree with one another, and the two senses are conceptually and logically distinct.

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice↗
PubMed1991

Dental ethics and the role of experts.

Moral problems in dentistry have both a technical and an evaluative component, but expertise in clinical dentistry does not confer expertise in clarifying evaluative issues. Ethical expertise consists of the capacity either to provide strong justifications for a range of ethical propositions or to perform a skill well according to the moral rules and virtues of a practice. I consider four areas of ethical expertise, the contributions that ethics experts might make to the practice of dentistry, and who the likely candidates to be ethics experts are.

Codes of Ethics↗
PubMed1990

Assessing the impact of HIV disease.

This article presents a definition of HIV disease as a four-stage process. The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) (Bergner, Bobbitt, Carter, & Gilson, 1981) was used to measure behavioral dysfunction in a sample of 15 persons with Stage 3 or Stage 4 (symptomatic) HIV disease. The areas of work, leisure, cognitive behavior, and emotional behavior were found to be, on the average, most affected by HIV disease. A diagnosis of AIDS does not affect the severity of dysfunction. Functional deficits that are experienced for longer periods of time affect several behavioral categories on the SIP as well as on the overall SIP score.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Hemophilia, AIDS, and occupational therapy.

This article describes the blood clotting disorder of hemophilia, including its transmission, incidence, and physical and psychosocial effects. The epidemiology of persons with both hemophilia and HIV are discussed, as well as HIV's rapid spread due to contaminated blood products and the mechanisms commonly used to cope with HIV infection. Specific suggestions on occupational therapy intervention are provided, including helping clients learn to cope with HIV by transferring skills previously learned for coping with hemophilia; teaching stress reduction, anger management, communication, and energy conservation skills; educating families and helping them set appropriate goals; designing adaptive systems for dealing with neurological deficits; and designing exercise programs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗