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Biomedical subjects

B D Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to B D Wilson.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of Bowen's disease in anatomically difficult areas or especially large lesions can challenge accepted modalities of treatment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to illustrate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease. In addition, photodynamic therapy may be used as adjuvant therapy for difficult lesions. METHODS: Six patients with Bowen's disease in various anatomic sites were treated with photodynamic therapy. Four were in a difficult anatomic site, or were especially large, or both. Photofrin, 1.0 mg/kg, was administered intravenously and laser treatment was given approximately 48 hours later with the argon dye laser. Light was administered at a wavelength of 630 nm and the light dose ranged from 185 to 250 joules/cm2. Treatment was given by surface radiation only. RESULTS: Eight lesions were treated. All showed a complete response at 3 months (100%) and continue to show a complete response at 6 and 12 months. Morbidity was low; the most significant side effects were moderate pain and edema. Healing time varied depending on the size of the lesion. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy is an effective and useful alternative for Bowen's disease, especially those lesions in anatomically difficult areas or those that are especially large.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Regulation of endothelial cell protein C activation by native and oxidized low density lipoprotein.

The effects of native LDL and Ox-LDL and HDL on endothelial cell protein C activation were examined. Ox-LDL, which is postulated to contribute to cardiovascular disease, markedly suppressed activation of protein C, an important vascular anticoagulant activity. This effect was seen with both human venous and arterial endothelial cells. Endothelial cells modified LDL to a form that reduced protein C activation, an effect prevented by the anti-oxidant, probucol. Endothelial cells are known to express the acetyl LDL (scavenger) receptor, which binds chemically modified and Ox-LDL. The effect of Ox-LDL on protein C activation does not appear to result from uptake via the acetyl LDL receptor, since a known scavenger receptor antagonist (fucoidin) did not inhibit the oxidized LDL effect. In contrast to the results with Ox-LDL, native LDL and both native and oxidized HDL increased protein C activation. These data indicate that native and modified lipoproteins regulate blood coagulation by affecting vascular anticoagulant activity and suggest mechanisms that may link modified lipoproteins with both vascular disease and thrombosis.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1992

Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy is an investigational method for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum factors and illustrate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas. This was a prospective study in which patients presenting with primary or recurrent basal cell tumors, particularly but not exclusively widespread tumors or large single tumors, were offered the option of photodynamic therapy in their treatment regimen. RESULTS: Patients were administered 1 mg/kg of a photosensitizer (Photofrin II). Light doses (630 nm) ranged from 72 to 288 J/cm2. A total of 37 patients with 151 sites were treated in this study. A complete response rate of 88% was achieved with one application. Morbidity was low; the most significant side effects were moderate pain and edema. CONCLUSIONS: Photodynamic therapy is a modality that offers localized treatment of primary or recurrent nonmelanoma skin cancer. By applying reciprocal doses of photosensitizer and light, the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of skin lesions is demonstrated achieving significant light penetration into tissue with a high complete response rate of the lesions and acceptable normal tissue response.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1991

The cost benefit of rehabilitation of injured workers in New Zealand.

A multidisciplinary rehabilitation centre was established to address the needs of people with mild to moderate disability who had not worked for prolonged periods of time. A fitness based programme assisted 10 of the 20 who had been off work for more than six months to return to activity. Six and eighteen month follow up confirmed the durability of placement of most workers who had returned to work, and that projected benefits were achieved. Benefits were defined as savings in earnings related compensation (ERC), and compared to the costs of establishing and running the centre. Sensitivity analysis ascribing between 100% and 50% of benefit to the programme showed a positive benefit cost ratio, with benefits discounted at a rate of 10% over 10 years. With 75% ascribed, the project produced benefit cost ratio of about 1.5:1 in the first year, 2.8:1 in the second year, and rising to 6.2:1 in the fifth year and 10:1 by the tenth year. With only 50% ascribed, the benefit over the same times was 1.0:1, 1.9:1, 4.1:1 and 6.7:1 by the tenth year. These calculations probably underestimate true benefits.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein increases cultured human endothelial cell tissue factor activity and reduces protein C activation.

Increasing evidence suggests that the formation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in vivo is associated with the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. We investigated the effects of Ox-LDL on two vascular endothelial cell coagulant properties, tissue factor expression, and protein C activation. The Ox-LDL increased human arterial and venous endothelial cell tissue factor activity, with 100 micrograms/ml of Ox-LDL increasing factor activity fourfold. Native LDL modified by incubation with cultured human arterial and venous endothelial cells also induced endothelial cell tissue factor activity. This modification was blocked by coincubation with the antioxidants, probucol or ascorbic acid. It was determined, based on inhibition by known scavenger receptor antagonists (fucoidin, dextran sulfate), that binding of Ox-LDL via the acetyl LDL (scavenger) receptor was partially responsible for the increase in tissue factor expression. Whereas endothelial cell tissue factor expression was increased by incubation with Ox-LDL, protein C activation was reduced approximately 80% by incubating cultured endothelial cells with Ox-LDL. The effect of Ox-LDL on protein C activation was not inhibited by antagonists to the scavenger receptor. These data indicating that an atherogenic lipoprotein can regulate key vascular coagulant activities provide an additional link between vascular disease and thrombosis.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1991

Localization of endogenous beta-galactoside-binding lectin as a means to distinguish malignant from benign skin tissue.

The immunolocalization of a 30-kd endogenous lectin, referred to as galaptin, was studied in various skin tumor types. Basal cell carcinomas expressed little or no galaptin, whereas nonmalignant basaloid cells, squamous cell carcinomas, melanoma, nevi, and stroma showed more prominent galaptin immunostaining. Therefore, the immunodetection of galaptin may aid the dermatopathologist in difficult histologic diagnosis.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1991

Amiodarone-induced pulmonary inflammation. Correlation with drug dose and lung levels of drug, metabolite, and phospholipid.

To investigate the hypotheses that amiodarone-induced pulmonary inflammation may be related to direct drug toxicity, groups of 10 or more Wistar rats were fed amiodarone by gavage at concentrations of 175, 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg/day, or vehicle alone. After 6 wk of drug feeding, the rats were examined for histologic and cellular evidence of pulmonary inflammation. In addition, the amounts of amiodarone, the major metabolite of amiodarone N-desethylamiodarone (N-des), and phospholipid in the lungs were determined. We found that rats fed 175 mg/kg of amiodarone were essentially no different from control animals. The 175 mg/kg group had normal lung histologies, no change in lavage cell counts or differential counts, and very little amiodarone, N-des, or phospholipid in the lungs. In contrast, the three high-dose groups had abnormal lung histologies along with increases in lavage cell counts and change in differential counts. There were also significant increases in the amounts of amiodarone, N-des, and phospholipid in the lung. We conclude that the development of amiodarone-induced pulmonary inflammation is dose dependent, and that there is a direct correlation between the amount of amiodarone, N-des, and phospholipid in the lung with the development of inflammation. It therefore appears that the drug is directly toxic to lung tissue.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1979

Forces exerted during exercises on the uneven bars.

The purposes of this study were (1) to develop a technique to measure the force exerted on uneven bars during a gymnast's performance, and (2) to determine the magnitudes of the maximum forces exerted on the bars during normal use. Strain gages, a UV recorder, and motion-picture cameras were used to record the forces exerted against the bars and the motions with which they were associated. Three college gymnasts were used as subjects. Each performed several repetitions of an exercise sequence judged to result in the maximum loading of the bars she might produce under normal conditions. The maximum forces recorded were 3500 N (low bar) and 2140 N (high bar). These values were recorded during a sharp impact between the subject's thighs and the bar during the passage of the subject beneath the bar in a giant swing, respectively. Making due allowance for possible measurement error and for the estimated effects of the bars being used by gymnasts of greater mass than those in this study, it was concluded that bars should be designed to withstand repeated loads of at least 4205 N.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A follow-up of admissions to the California Civil Addict Program.

A follow-up interview study of early admissions to the California Civil Addict Program found that those continuing in the program performed substantially better during the commitment period than did a comparable group discharged shortly after admission. To a lesser extent, the program also appeared to have had some impact subsequent to discharge. Those program discharges defined as successes tended to do relatively well until the time of interview. Comparisons under the strict (pre-1970) and more lenient regimens showed roughly comparable behavior, but the availability of methadone maintenance was also a significant factor in reducing heroin use during the latter period.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Thermal responses to intermittent work in selected enironments.

Acclaimed subjects exercised intermittently for 8 hrs in 25 to 50 degrees environments. Thermal and metalobic determinations were made. Results showed the time-weighted WBGT heat strain index for intermittent work needs re-evaluation. For acclimated subjects working steadily at 350 kcal/hr, 30% max, the ULPZ is more than 33% WBGT.

Acclimatization↗