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Biomedical subjects

B Damianov

Publications and source records attributed to B Damianov.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Non-invasive registration of the aboral and oral spreading of the gastroduodenal peristaltic activity (experimental and clinical investigations).

The electrical activity of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine of healthy volunteers and patients with nausea and vomiting was recorded non-invasively on an original electrogastrograph. Two kinds of waves were distinguished according to their amplitude: low-amplitude waves, corresponding to the period of quiescence of migrating myoelectrical complex (MMC) and about twice higher in amplitude waves, characterising the periods of activity of MMC (peristaltic activity). There was also some difference between the low- and high-amplitude waves from the small intestine. Sequence of high-amplitude waves recorded from the stomach was followed usually by sequence of high-amplitude waves from the small intestine, presenting the aboral spreading of an activity period of MMC from the stomach to the small intestine. In some patients however, high-amplitude waves were led off first from the duodenal record and after that high-amplitude waves appeared in the gastric record. This suggests an oral spreading of the peristaltic activity (antiperistalsis). Experimental model of antiperistalsis was performed on dogs with chronically implanted electrodes on the gastric and duodenal muscle wall. Carbachol 5 micrograms/kg i.m. evoked bursts of spike potentials first with duodenal slow waves and after that with the gastric slow potentials. The antiperistaltic spreading of the spike activity in dog corresponded to the appearance of high-amplitude waves first in the record of the human small intestine, followed by sequence of high-amplitude waves in the stomach. Thus, the non-invasive recording of the electrical activity of the stomach and small intestines gives reliable information about the direction of the spreading of the peristaltic activity.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of stomach ulcer with the Bulgarian preparation Farmaxolon].

Thirty-four patients with gastric ulcer were treated with the new Bulgarian preparation pharmaxolon-Pharmachim, for 20 days under clinical conditions. A favourable effect on the clinical symptoms by the pharmaxolon treatment was established but the differences with the control placebo group were statistically insignificant. A total of 47.1% from the gastric ulcers were healed after 20-day treatment and in 32.3% were reduced in size but here the difference from the control placebo group was insignificant. Pharmaxolon, with its therapeutic effect equals the related foreign (Biogastrone, Ultranyl, Caved-S) and Bulgarian preparations (Alcid-V), hence it is recommended for the practice. Elevated transitory arterial pressure was observed in 41% of pharmaxolon-treated patients, not necessitating the discontinuation of the treatment. That requires a periodic control of the arterial pressure of the patients, treated with that new Bulgarian preparation.

Carbenoxolone↗
PubMed1986

[Case of sarcoidosis with predominant involvement of the liver and lymph nodes].

After brief literature data, a clinical case is reported with generalized sarcoidoses with predominant affection of liver and lymph nodes. A detailed clinical-laboratory characteristics is presented and the diagnosis has been histomorphologically objectivized. The hepatocytes were electron-microscopically studied and disorders in carbohydrate metabolism established with predomination of glyconeopoiesis. Bacterial-like structures were established in hepatocytes, providing grounds to look for further possibilities in that aspect for throwing light upon the etiology of sarcoidosis. The clinical case presented confirmed the high diagnostic value of liver biopsy in sarcoidosis, even in the cases with obvious extrahepatal localization of the changes. The therapeutic effect attained confirms, once again, the therapeutic possibilities of the corticosteroids, administered in proper doses.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1985

[Ultrastructural mechanisms of the antacid effect of biomet in duodenal ulcer patients].

Corpus gastric mucosa, obtained via repeated blind aspiration biopsy--before and after 10 day treatment with biomet--1 g daily, was electron microscopically studied in 10 patients with active duodenal ulcer. Before the treatment, the wall-adjoining cells were with high hyperplasia of intracytoplasmatic tubules, which pressed in separate groups-packets the numerous mitochondria with data about hyper-reactivity, on the background of scarce or absent tubulo-vesicular structures. After a 10-day biomet treatment, the reduced area of intracytoplasmatic tubules of wall-adjoining cells is obvious as well as the recovery of tubulo vesicular structures. Often, in single patients, endocrine G cells were observed. With the intragastric pH-metry, however, performed in 2 of the patients, before and by 90 min after the intravenous administration of 200 mg tagamet--significantly elevated values of pH of gastric mucosa were established, positively correlating with the described ultrastructural changes in wall-adjoining cells. The antacid effect of biomet, is very likely, realized via the mechanism of reduction of the surface of the secreting membrane structures, responsible for the production of hydrochloric acid by gastric mucosa.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1985

[Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats with a severe form of acute radiation sickness].

Biochemical and ultrastructural studies were carried out on the liver of male rats with a severe form of acute radiation disease. The animals were treated only once with a total dose of 6.7 Gy by means of a gamma-unit Rokus at the rate of 0.9 Gy per min. It was found that with the acute and severe form of radiation disease thus produced the activity of liver enzymes with cytoplasmic localization such as SDG, GPT, and GOT strongly rose in the blood plasma over the first 24 hours following treatment. The activity of ChE as an enzyme that was specific of the endoplasmic reticulum also rose. The normal ultrastructure of hepatocytes was unaffected over the first 24 hours after irradiation. Within the period of the clinical manifestation of the disease, however, there set in strongly expressed destructive changes in the mitochondria (from the eighth to the fifteenth day). It was concluded that the changes in the liver that were characteristic of the severe form of radiation disease set in early.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Primary biliary cirrhosis].

The results from the complex study on 26 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 20 females and 6 males, an average age of 46 years, are reported. The most frequent symptoms of PBC are itching, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly; from the laboratory tests--most characteristic is the increase of serum 5'-nucleotidase, AP, LAP, gamma GTP, GOT, cholesterol, cholic acid and antimitochondrial antibodies and IgM (AP, 5'-nucleotidase and antimitochondrial antibodies, being most significant in making the early diagnosis). The laboratory results in PBC are compared with those of the chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, extrahepatic cholestasis, with outlining the characteristic differences, depending on the diagnosis. The diagnostic advantages of the various methods are discussed (mainly laparoscopy and liver biopsy) and the histologic and electron microscopic changes of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, via echography--81 per cent, laparoscopy--73 per cent, scintigraphy--61.53 per cent and liver biopsy--50 per cent. The results from the treatment with cholestrimine, corticosteroids and azathioprine and surgical treatment, observing a temporary improvement and progressing of PBC, are reported. With the follow-up care of 20 patients, it was established, that 9 had died 5 years, on the average, after making the diagnosis, 11 survived after the 5 years and they are still followed up. The longest survival was reported in two females--11 and 15 years after the onset of PBC.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1981

[Wilson-Konovalov cirrhosis].

The results from some complex investigations were summed up, electron microscopic includ., of 18 patients with Wilson--Konovalov disease. The dynamic follow up of the patients with a predominantly liver symptomatic justifies, in a considerable part of them, the terminology "Wilson--Konovalov" cirrhosis. The mitochondrial changes found suggest disorders in hepatocyte energetic potential. The objectivized manifest or discrete neutral-lipid or phospho-lipid build-ups in the hepatic parenchymal cell suggest multidirectional disorders in lipid metabolism with lysosome participation. The pathogenetic long-term treatment with d-penicillamine substantially improves not only the clinical symptomatics but the remote prognosis of the disease as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats with a Yoshida tumor under exposure to cyclophosphamide].

Sixteen Wistar line rats with Joshida tumor were given cyclophosphamide either daily or with two-day intervals. The changes observed were mostly those related with the Golgi complex apparatus, lysosomes, biliary canaliculi as well as hyaloplasma. The degree of pronouncement of these changes was dependent on the duration of cyclophosphamide administration. The ultrastructure of biliary canaliculi changed according to the type, observed in intrahepatic cholestasis, makes it mandatory to be careful while using cyclophosphamide in patients with the cholestatic syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[1 case of chronic active hepatitis].

A female patient is described, aged 18, with chronic active hepatitis post viral hepatitis, that led to exitus lethalis within one year and a half. Besides the numberous icteric periods and symptoms for intrahepatal cholestasis, the disease advanced with joint complaints, cardiac pulmonary and adrenal lesions. HBsAg is absent from blood but the latter was found in the nuclei of hapatic cells via electron microscopy. Diffusive hemorrhages were found in both adrenals as well as cortex thinness, reduction of fascicular zone and reduced lipids in cells. The role of the long-term immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolon and immuran is discussed in the origination of liver, adrenal, cardiac and pulmonary lesions (delayed type medicamentosus supersensitivity).

Adolescent↗